• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.274-278
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• 2003

The various plant organs of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) were investigated to identify their volatile components using Dynamic Headspace (purge & trap). They showed slight differences concerning the volatile components both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results revealed that trans-anethole (12.65%) was the major compound in the leaf. The highest compound was ${\alpha}-pinene$ (28.78%), and trans-anethole (7.90%) was highly detected in the stem. The maximum values were 5.64, 4.59, 1.58, 1.51, and 1.04% for ${\alpha}-pinene,\;{\gamma}-terpinene,\;{\beta}-pinene$, 1,8-cineol and fenchone, respectively in the flower. However, very little trans-anethole was detected (0.27%) in the flower. From these results, it was suggested that the major components were different depending on the plant organs. However it was demonstrated that the related plant organs like flower-fruit and leaf-stem contained the similar components.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3293-3297
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• 2014

Background: Pine needle oil from crude extract of pine needles has anti-tumor effects, but the effective component is not known. Methods: In the present study, compounds from a steam distillation extract of pine needles were isolated and characterized. Alpha-pinene was identified as an active anti-proliferative compound on hepatoma carcinoma BEL-7402 cells using the MTT assay. Results: Further experiments showed that ${\alpha}$-pinene inhibited BEL-7402 cells by arresting cell growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, downregulating Cdc25C mRNA and protein expression, and reducing cycle dependence on kinase 1(CDK1) activity. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings indicate that ${\alpha}$-pinene may be useful as a potential anti-tumor drug.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2014

깍지벌레는 농작물과 도심 및 산림의 수목에 심각한 피해를 주는 해충이다. 본 연구는 이러한 깍지벌레류의 환경친화적 대체방제법을 강구하기 위하여 수행하였는데 기존의 연구에서 솔껍질깍지벌레(Matsucoccus thunbergianae)에 대하여 온수추출물이 효과가 있었던 사군자(Quisqualis indica)를 이용하여 수행하였다. 사군자 열매 메탄올 추출물을 헥산과 클로르포름, 에칠아세테이트, 부탄올, 물층으로 분획하여 귤가루깍지벌레(Planococcus citri)와 주머니깍지벌레(Eriococcus lagerstroemiae), 거북밀깍지벌레(Ceroplastes japonicus), 소나무가루깍지벌레(Crisicoccus pini) 약충을 대상으로 살충활성을 검정한 결과 헥산층의 살충 활성이 가장 높았다. 헥산층에서 활성물질을 탐색한 결과 alpha-pinene, methyl palmitate, eugenol, methyl myristate, phthalic acid mono (2-ethylhexyl)ester와 palmitic acid가 확인 되었으며 그들 물질들 중 ${\alpha}$-pinene의 주머니깍지벌레 2령충에 대한 반수치사농도($LC_{50}$)는 0.0114 ppm이었다. 사군자 추출물은 깍지벌레류의 대체 방제제로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2008

The chemical composition of the volatile constituents from the leaves, stems, and roots of Acanthopanax sessiliforus growing wild in Mt. Deok-Yu was determined by GC and GC-MS spectrometric analysis with the aid of NBS, Wiley Library and RI indice searches. The major constituents identified were ${\delta}-3-carene$ (7.24%), limonene (8.10%), ${\beta}-thujene$ (17.85%), trans-bicyclic hydrocarbon (13.35%) and ${\delta}-cadinene$ (4.28%) in the leaves from one year-grown plants, tricyclene (7.21%), ${\beta}-myrcene$ (7.62%), limonene (10.23%), ${\beta}-thujene$ (15.61%) and dihydroedulan I (6.12%) in the leaves from three years-grown plants, ${\delta}-3-carene$ (4.96%), limonene (5.93%), ${\beta}-phellandrene$ (17.31%) and naphthalene (7.79%) in the stems from one year-grown plants, ${\alpha}-pinene$ (5.21%), limonene (5.12%) and ${\beta}-phellandrene$ (9.82%) in the stems from three years-grown plants, ${\alpha}-pinene$ (12.73%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (11.16%), ${\delta}-3-carene$ (6.16%) and ${\gamma}-cadinene$ (23.39%) in the roots from one year-grown plants, and ${\alpha}-pinene$ (17.25%), ${\beta}-pinene$ (9.35%), ${\delta}-3-carene$ (7.26%) and ${\gamma}-cadinene$ (17.95%) in the roots from three years-grown plants.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.1871-1880
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• 2014

전남 여수시 금오도에서 재배된 방풍나물을 3월과 7월에 수집하여 잎, 줄기, 뿌리로 나누어 휘발성 향기성분을 SPME 법으로 추출하여 GC/MS로 분석하였다. 3월에 수확된 방풍의 잎은 72종, 줄기는 75종, 뿌리는 63종이 동정되었고, 7월에 수확된 방풍의 잎은 78종, 줄기는 73종, 뿌리는 69종이 동정되었다. 이를 종류별로 분류하면 alcohols(1~7종), aldehydes(7~15종), esters(1~4종), hydrocarbons(5~9종), ketones(1~2종), monoterpenes(13~16종), monoterpene alcohols(1~5종), monoterpene aldejydes(2~4종), monoterpene esters(1~4종), monoterpene ketones(1~2종), sesquiterpenes(16~24종), 기타 화합물(2~3종)로 구성되었다. 방풍의 주요 휘발성 향기성분은 다른 화합물에 비해 monoterpene 류가 상대적으로 비율이 높았고 3월의 잎과 줄기는 ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-myrcene 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 뿌리는 ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-myrcene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene 순으로 높게 나타났다. 7월의 잎과 줄기는 ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, ${\beta}$-myrcene 순으로 높게 나타났고, 7월의 뿌리는 camphene, ${\beta}$-pinene, p-cymene 순으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.811-818
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• 2002

The concentration levels of monoterpenes, including ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-pinene, were measured in a pine forest in Florida, USA, over about one year. Based on this measurement data, the current study then investigated the factors affecting the environmental behavior of monoterpenes. Despite a moderately weak temperature variability in the study area, the temperature dependence of the concentration variations was still evident. The concentrations of the two pinenes were significantly affected by changes in the air temperature, as indicated by strong correlations with temperature. A close relation among the measured parameters was also found between the ${\beta}$-pinene and ozone concentrations, which is also in line with previous findings from other studies. In addition, it was interesting to note that the ${\beta}$/${\alpha}$ pinene concentration ratio exhibited a strong inverse correlation to temperature, with the seasonal mean ranging from 0.51(summer) to 0.93(winter). Accordingly, the current results indicate that, in a forest environment, the major terpene species concentrations are affected by both meteorological conditions and chemical reactions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.627-637
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• 2010

Emission rate of monoterpene and isoprene was measured in five commonly growing tree species of conifers(Pinus thunbergii, Abies koreana, Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus densiflora, Chamaecyparis obtusa) at the Halla mountain sites. Dynamic flow enclosure technique was used and gas samples were collected into Tenax tube. The highest and lowest hourly emission rate was observed in Abies koreana (1.86 ${\mu}g$/gdw/hr) and Chamaecyparis obtusa (0.52 ${\mu}g$/gdw/hr), respectively. The major species of monoterpene from pine trees were ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, myrcene. Particularly, d-limonene was abundant in Abies koreana but ${\alpha}$-pinene, $d^3$-carene and sabinene was in Cryptomeria japonica. Emission rates of isoprene show less significant than those of monoterpene. And also seasonal emission rates of monoterpene were dependent on environmental factors such as temperature.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2000

Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai is endemic species of Korea. Since old days, the fruits have been used as a parasiticide and leaves have been used for a pierced wound by insects. The essential oil components from its aerial parts and stem bark by steam distillation were investigated. Several compounds were characterized by GC-Mass spectra. It was found that the leaves, stembark and flowers contain the compounds of essential oils, 1-octene-3-ol, hexadecanoic acid; $\alpha$-pinene, $\Delta^3$-carene mainly, linalylacetate, $\beta$-cubebene, 3,4-octadine-7-methyl , ferruginol(stem bark) and $\alpha$-pinene mainly, $\beta$-pinene , cyclopropane-1,1-dimethyl-2-(3-methyl-1,3-butadienyl), etc. This Cephalotaxus spp. contains the first components of ferruginol(M.W.286.03, $C_{20}H_{30}O)$ which belong to diterpene.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.352-357
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• 2003

참당귀의 전초 (꽃봉우리, 줄기, 잎)와 뿌리의 정유성분을 분석한 결과 전초의 정유 함량은 0.063%로 뿌리의 0.389%에 비해서 아주 적은 함량을 나타내었다. 주요 성분에 있어서 전초와 뿌리의 정성적 차이는 없었으나, 함량에 있어서는 큰 차이를 보였다. 주요 휘발성 성분은 nonane, ${\alpha}$-pinene, limonene + ${\beta}-phellandrene$이였으며, 이 중 nonane과 ${\alpha}-pinene$의 경우 전초에서는 각각 7.5%와 14.6%이었으나, 뿌리에서는 각각 24.5%와 31.7%로 많은 양을 나타내었다. 이 외에 ${\gamma}-terpinene$, germacrene-d, (E,E)-${\alpha}-farnesene$, ${\beta}- eudesmol$의 경우 전초에서는 5%에서 8% 사이로 나타났으나, 뿌리 에서는 1% 안팎의 적은 함량을 보였다. 참당귀와 일당귀를 분석한 결과 줄기와 잎에서 각각 0.068%, 0.127%와 0.153%, 0.243%로 정유의 함량은 일당귀가 더 높았고, 부위별로는 잎이 줄기의 약 2배 정도 높았다. 참당귀 줄기와 잎의 성분으로는 각각 18개, 32개로 잎에서 더 다양한 향기성분이 분포되어 있었고, 주요 휘발성 성분으로는 ${\alpha}-pinene$, myrcene, limonene, germacrene-d, eudesmol and butylphthalide로 잎에서 germacrene-d가 높았고, butylphthalide가 낮은 차이를 보였다. 일당귀줄기와 잎의 휘발성 정유 성분으로는 각각 21개, 32개로 참당귀와 같이 잎에서 더 다양했고, 성분은 ${\gamma}-terpinene$과 butylphthalide로 butylphthalide가 70%에 육박하는 주성분을 차지했다. 그러므로 Angelica gigas와 Angelica acutiloba는 관능적으로 확연히 다른 차이를 느낄 수 있지만, 분석결과로도 전혀 다른 향기성분임을 알수 있었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.239-247
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• 1988

Essential oil of the root of Angelica gigas Nakai (Umbelliferae) was investigated. Essential oil was obtained from the dried roots by steam distillation and fractionated by column chromatography. Each isolate or fraction was identified by GC, GC-MS and spectral analysis. It was found to contain eleven monoterpenes such as ${\alpha}-pinene,\;camphene,\;{\beta}-pinene,\;myrcene,\;{\alpha}-phellandrene,\;{\Delta}-3-carene,\;{\alpha}-terpinene,\;p-symene,\;limonene,\;{\gamma}-terpinene$ and terpinolene and also found to contain 4-vinylguauacol, myristicin, elemol, ${\beta}-eudesmol,\;{\alpha}-eudesmol,\;four\;sesquiterpenes\;involving\;{\Delta}-elemene$. Four sesquiterpenes and five sesquiterpene alcohols were tentatively identified by comparison of their mass spectra.