• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.277-282
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• 1985

The effects of linear free energy relationship (LFER) on the imidoyl proton (H${\alpha}$)-substituent chemical shift (SCS) in case of varying para-substituted C-phenyl group in N-benzylideneaniline derivatives were studied. The H${\alpha}$-SCS values and LFER parameters such as ${\sigma}$,${\sigma}^+$, ${\sigma}_I$,${\sigma}_R, F and R were applied to the Hammett, Okamoto-Brown, and Taft, Swain-Lupton's dual substituents parameter (DSP) equations. The results were: (1) the blending coefficient values, ${\lambda}$ = 2.8∼3.2, it's means that the resonance effect (R) was larger than inductive effect (I) and field effect (F), and (2) the values of percent resonance and percent field effects were %R = 66.6 and %F = 33.4, respectively, yielding the ratio of resonance effect (R) to field effect (F) of 2 : 1.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.857-864
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of interaction between $1{\alpha}$-hydroxycholecalciferol ($1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$) and phytase on growth performance, parameters of tibia and plasma, and meat quality of 1- to 21-d-old broilers. Two hundred and forty male, 1-d-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to 20 cages, with 12 chicks per cage. Five treatments were designed, with four cages each. A 2${\times}$2 factorial experiment was designed to test 0 and 5 ${\mu}g/kg$ of $1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$ in combination with 0 and 500 U/kg of phytase. A basal diet was formulated to contain 2.9 g/kg of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP), and the control diet was formulated to contain a normal level of NPP (4.5 g/kg). Results showed that $1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$ alone increased tibia ash, contents of calcium and phosphate, breaking strength, concentrations of plasma calcium and phosphate, and water-holding capacity of breast and thigh meat, while it decreased growth of broilers. Phytase alone improved performance and tibia quality. Although growth of broilers was lower than that of the positive control when the diet was supplemented with $1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$ and phytase, tibia quality was significantly improved by the addition of $1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$ and phytase. These data suggest that interaction between $1{\alpha}$-OH $D_3$ and phytase at 2.9 g/kg of dietary NPP could significantly increase bone quality of 1- to 21-d-old broilers, while not improving growth performance.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.35 no.1_2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2017

This study is concerned with the existence of positive solution for the following nonlinear elliptic system $$\{-M_1(\int_{\Omega}{\mid}x{\mid}^{-ap}{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^pdx)div({\mid}x{\mid}^{-ap}{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{p-2}{\nabla}u)\\{\hfill{120}}={\mid}x{\mid}^{-(a+1)p+c_1}\({\alpha}_1A_1(x)f(v)+{\beta}_1B_1(x)h(u)\),\;x{\in}{\Omega},\\-M_2(\int_{\Omega}{\mid}x{\mid}^{-bq}{\mid}{\nabla}v{\mid}^qdx)div({\mid}x{\mid}^{-bq}{\mid}{\nabla}v{\mid}^{q-2}{\nabla}v)\\{\hfill{120}}={\mid}x{\mid}^{-(b+1)q+c_2}\({\alpha}_2A_2(x)g(u)+{\beta}_2B_2(x)k(v)\),\;x{\in}{\Omega},\\{u=v=0,\;x{\in}{\partial}{\Omega},$$ where ${\Omega}$ is a bounded smooth domain of ${\mathbb{R}}^N$ with $0{\in}{\Omega}$, 1 < p, q < N, $0{\leq}a$ < $\frac{N-p}{p}$, $0{\leq}b$ < $\frac{N-q}{q}$ and ${\alpha}_i,{\beta}_i,c_i$ are positive parameters. Here $M_i,A_i,B_i,f,g,h,k$ are continuous functions and we discuss the existence of positive solution when they satisfy certain additional conditions. Our approach is based on the sub and super solutions method.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2015

Fox [2] presented an interesting identity for $_pF_q$ which is expressed in terms of a finite summation of $_pF_q$'s whose involved numerator and denominator parameters are different from those in the starting one. Moreover Fox [2] found a very interesting and general summation formula for $_3F_2(1/2)$ as a special case of his above-mentioned general identity with the help of Kummer's second summation theorem for $_2F_1(1/2)$. Here, in this paper, we show how two general summation formulas for $$_3F_2\[\array{\hspace{110}{\alpha},{\beta},{\gamma};\\{\alpha}-m,\;\frac{1}{2}({\beta}+{\gamma}+i+1);}\;{\frac{1}{2}}\]$$, m being a nonnegative integer and i any integer, can be easily established by suitably specializing the above-mentioned Fox's general identity with, here, the aid of generalizations of Kummer's second summation theorem for $_2F_1(1/2)$ obtained recently by Rakha and Rathie [7]. Several known results are also seen to be certain special cases of our main identities.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.155-164
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• 2009

In this paper, we used computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) software with several models for the simulation of a TL glow curve which was used for analysis. By using the general approximation plus model, parameters values of the glow curve were analyzed and compared with the other models parameters (general approximation, mixed order kinetics, general order kinetics). The LiF:Mg,Cu,Si and the LiF:Mg,Cu,P material were used for the glow curve analysis. And we based on figure of merits (FOM) which was the goodness of the fitting that was monitored through the value between analysis model and TLD materials. The ideal value of FOM is 0 which represents a perfect fit. The main glow peak makes the most effect of radiation dose assessment of TLD materials. The main peak of the LiF:Mg,Cu,Si materials has a intensity rate 80.76% of the whole TL glow intensity, and that of LiF:Mg,Cu,P materials has a intensity rate 68.07% of the whole TL glow intensity. The activation energy of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si was analyzed as 2.39 eV by result of the general approximation plus(GAP) model. In the case of mixed order kinetics (MOK), the activation energy was analyzed as 2.29 eV. The activation energy was analyzed as 2.38 eV by the general order kinetics (GOK) model. In the case of LiF:Mg,Cu,P TLD, the activation energy was analyzed as 2.39 eV by result of the GAP model. In the case of MOK, the activation energy was analyzed as 2.55 eV. The activation energy was analyzed as 2.51 eV by the GOK model. The R value means different ratio of retrapping-recombination. The R value of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si TLD main peak analyzed as $1.12\times10^{-6}$ and $\alpha$ value analyzed as $1.0\times10^{-3}$. The R of LiF:Mg,Cu,P TLD analyzed as $7.91\times10^{-4}$, the $\alpha$ value means different ratio of initial thermally trapped electron density-initial trapped electron density (include thermally disconnected trap electrons density). The $\alpha$ value was analyzed as $9.17\times10^{-1}$ which was the difference from LiF:Mg,Cu,Si TLD. The deep trap electron density of LiF:Mg,Cu,Si was higher than the deep trap electron density of LiF:Mg,Cu,P.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2004

The structure of $C_{16}H_{19}O_2N_3CuCl_2\;{\cdot}\;H_2O$ has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystal system is triclinic, space group Pl, unit cell constants. $a=7.6202(9)\; \AA,\; b=8.5943(7) \AA,\; c= 8.6272(6) \AA,\; \alpha= 67.518(6)^{\circ}.\; \beta= 68.043(8)^{\circ},\; \gamma=74.370(8)^{\circ},\; V=478.89(8)\; \AA^3,\; T=295K,\; Z=1,\; D_c=1.504Mgm^{-3}$The intensity data were collected on an Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 Diffractometer with graphite monochromated $MoK\alpha$ radiation $(\alpha=0.7107\;\AA)$. The molecular structure was solved by direct method.』 and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final $R=2.47\%$ for 1659 unique observed $F_0>4\sigma(F_0)$ reflections and 234 parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.15-25
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• 2000

Cardiac, respiratory, electrodermal and frontal (F3, F4) EEG responses were analyzed and compared during to slides of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study on 42 students. Physiological responses during 20s of exposure to slides intended to elicit happiness (nurturant and erotic), sadness, disgust, surprise, fear or anger emotions were quite similar and were expressed in heart rate (HR) deceleration, decreased HR variability (HRV), specific SCR, increased non-specific SCR frequency (N-SCR), and EEG changes exhibited in theta increase, alpha-blocking and increased beta activity, and frontal asymmetry. However, some emotions demonstrated variations of the response magnitudes, enabling to differentiate some paris of emotions by several physiological parameters. The profiles showed higher magnitudes of HRV and EEG responses in exciting (i.e., erotic) and higher cardiac and respiratory responses in surprise. The most different pairs were exciting-surprise (by HR, HRV, theta, and alpha asymmetry), exciting-sadness (by theta, alpha, and alpha asymmetry), and exciting-fear (by HRV, theta, F3 alpha, and alpha asymmetry). Nurturant happiness yielded the least differentiation. Differences were found as well within negative emotions, e.g., anger-sadness were differentiated by HRV and theta asymmetry, while disgust-fear by N-SCR and beta asymmetry. Obtained results suggest that magnitudes of profiles of physiological variables differentiate emotions evoked by affective pictures, despite that the patterns of most responses were featured by qualitative similarity in given passive viewing context.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.145-155
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• 2003

This study compared $F_{0}$ and the first three formants of eight Korean monophthongs produced by nine transgenders (male to female) to those of eighteen normal adults. Voice analysis was done by Praat (version 4.049). A one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD post hoc tests were performed to determine statistical differences in $F_{0}$ and formant values obtained from transgenders, and normal male and female subjects. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in $F_{1}$ of /u/, /$\Lambda$/, and /o/, $F_{2}$ of /u/, /$\Lambda$/, and /i/ and $F_{3}$ of /u/ among the 3 groups (transgenders, normal males and normal females). However, in the comparison of transgenders vs. males, a significant difference was observed in $F_{0}$ of /o/, and $F_{2}$ of /i/, /a/, /e/, and /${\ae}$/ and $F_{3}$ of /e/. Furthermore, in the comparison of transgenders vs. females, a significant difference was also observed in $F_{0}$ of all vowels, $F_{1}$ of /i/, /$\alpha$/, /e/, /${\ae}$/, and /i/. $F_{2}$ of /i/, and /${\ae}$/, and $F_{3}$ of /i/, /$\alpha$/, /$\Lambda$/, /e/, /${\ae}$/, /i/, and /o/. Also, perceptual judgment of the transgenders' voice came out somewhat correlated strongly with their $F_{0}$ values but not much with the formant values. It was concluded that the transgenders' acoustic parameters are placed in between those of the normal males and females in. terms of fundamental and formant frequency analyses of vowels. Thus, it was assumed that those differences might stem from the transgenders' original big resonating cavities.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.985-1000
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• 2010

Sufficient conditions for the existence of positive solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear nonlocal boundary value problems of the type -x"(t) = f(t, y(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), -y"(t) = g(t, x(t)), t $\in$ (0, 1), x(0) = y(0) = 0, x(1) = ${\alpha}x(\eta)$, y(1) = ${\alpha}y(\eta)$, are obtained. The nonlinearities f, g : (0,1) $\times$ (0, $\infty$ ) $\rightarrow$ (0, $\infty$) are continuous and may be singular at t = 0, t = 1, x = 0, or y = 0. The parameters $\eta$, $\alpha$, satisfy ${\eta}\;{\in}\;$ (0,1), 0 < $\alpha$ < $1/{\eta}$. An example is provided to illustrate the results.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.105-122
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• 1995

Based on linear models, the inference about the true measurement x$_{f}$ and the optimal designs x (nx1) for the calibration experiments are considered via Baysian statistical decision analysis. The posterior distribution of x$_{f}$ given the observation y$_{f}$ (qxl) and the calibration experiment is obtained with normal priors for x$_{f}$ and for themodel parameters (.alpha., .betha.). This posterior distribution is not in the form of any known distributions, which leads to the use of a numerical integration or an approximation for the calculation of the overall expected loss. The general structure of the expected loss function is characterized in the form of a conjecture. A near-optimal design is obtained through the approximation nof the conditional covariance matrix of the joint distribution of (x$_{f}$ , y$_{f}$ $^{T}$ )$^{T}$ . Numerical results for the univariate case are given to demonstrate the conjecture and to evaluate the approximation.n.