Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13050/foodengprog.2013.17.4.362

Concentration of Rice Bran Lipid Soluble Bioactive Substances Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide  

Kim, Inhwan (Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University)
Yoon, Sung Won (Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University)
Lee, Junsoo (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University)
Lee, Jeom-Sig (National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
Kim, In-Hwan (Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University)
Publication Information
Food Engineering Progress / v.17, no.4, 2013 , pp. 362-368 More about this Journal
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of different pressure and temperature combinations on the concentrations of tocols homologues, policosanol, phytosterol, and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol in crude rice bran oil (RBO) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-$CO_2$). To effectively separate oily substances from bioactive substances, fatty acid ethyl esterification was performed by sulfuric acid or the lipase catalytic method. In sulfuric acid esterification, ${\gamma}$-tocotrienol content was decreased by ca. 50%, whereas in lipase esterification, ${\gamma}$-tocotrienol content was not decreased. Therefore, lipase catalytic esterification was performed for the fatty acid alkyl esterification of RBO. The fractional extraction of RBO ethyl esters was performed using SC-$CO_2$ in the condition of 9.62 Mpa, 10.34 MPa, or 11.03 MPa and $45^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, or $55^{\circ}C$. During the fractionation of RBO using SC-$CO_2$, a little tocols content was extracted with fatty acid ethyl esters, but policosanol and phytosterol were not extracted. Especially, there is a high correlation ($R^2$=0.9306) between the density of $CO_2$ and tocols contents extracted to the fractions. The concentration rates of tocols and phytosterol were the highest in the condition of $55^{\circ}C$ and 9.62 MPa. Therefore, the lower $CO_2$ density applied, the more efficient the concentrations of tocols and phytosterol were in this study.
Keywords
rice bran oil; supercritical $CO_2$ extraction; tocols; ${\gamma}$-oryzanol; lipase esterification;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Patel M, Naik S. 2004. Gamma-oryzanol from rice bran oil: a review. J. Sci. Ind. Res. India 63:569-578.
2 Prasad MN. 2011. Health Benefits of Rice Bran-A Review. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 1: 1000108.
3 Temelli F, Seifried B. 2011. Bioseparation of Nutraceuticals Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. In: Food Engineering Interfaces. Aguilera JM, BarbosaCanovas GV, Simpson R, W14zpdldlfelti-Chanes J, Bermudez-Aguirre, D (ed). Springer. New York, NY, USA. pp. 353-392.
4 Tiwari U, Cummins E. 2009. Nutritional importance and effect of processing on tocols in cereals. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 20:511-520.   DOI
5 Xu X, Jacobsen C, Nielsen NS, Heinrich MT, Zhou D. 2002. Purification and deodorization of structured lipids by short path distillation. Eur. J Lipid Sci. Tech. 104:745-755.   DOI
6 AOCS. 1994. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 4th ed. the American Oil Chemists' Society. AOCS Press. Champaign, IL. USA.
7 Fang T, Goto M, Sasaki M, Yang D. 2008. Extraction and Purification of Natural Tocopherols by Supercritical $CO_2$. In: Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds. Martinez, JL (ed). CRC press. Boca Raton, FL. USA. pp. 103-140.
8 Fang T, Goto M, Yun Z, Ding X, Hirose T. 2004. Phase equilibria for binary systems of methyl oleate-supercritical $CO_2$ and ${\alpha}$- tocopherol-supercritical $CO_2$. J. Supercrit. Fluids 30:1-16.   DOI
9 Ju Y-H, Zullaikah S. 2013. Effect of acid-catalyzed methanolysis on the bioactive components of rice bran oil. J. Taiwan Ins. Chem. Eng. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2013.03. 006 (in press)
10 Juliano BO. 1985a. Polisaccharides, proteins and lipids of rice. In: Rice: chemistry and technology. Juliano, BO (ed). American Association of Cereal Chemists. St. Paul. Minn. USA. pp. 59-169.
11 Juliano BO. 1985b. Rice bran. In: Rice: Chemistry and Technology. Juliano, BO (ed). The American Association of Cereal Chemists. St. Paul. Minn. USA. pp. 647-688.
12 Kim C-W, Kim H-S, Kim B-Y, Baik M-Y. 2011. Proteolysis of defatted rice bran using commercial proteases and characterization of its hydrolysates. Food Eng. Prog. 15:41-47.