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http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2017.46.11.1278

Allium tuberosum Reverses PCSK9-Mediated LDLR Degradation by Inhibition of HNF1α  

Choi, Hyo-Kyoung (Korea Food Research Institute)
Kim, Hyo Jin (Korea Food Research Institute)
Hwang, Jin-Taek (Korea Food Research Institute)
Chung, Min-Yu (Korea Food Research Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.46, no.11, 2017 , pp. 1278-1285 More about this Journal
Abstract
Accumulation of excess low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood can initiate and accelerate atherosclerosis. Statins mediate the transactivation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), which in turn limits their cholesterol-lowering effects via LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether or not Allium tuberosum (AT) regulates LDLR and PCSK9. Mice were fed a low fat control diet (LD) or Western diet (WD) supplemented with AT (1%, w/w). AT significantly attenuated total and LDL cholesterol levels in mice fed WD (P<0.05). AT also significantly inhibited hepatic PCSK9 gene expression (P<0.05) while AT maintained hepatic LDLR gene expression. To further investigate AT-mediated PCSK9 regulation, HepG2 cells were treated with 10% delipidated serum (DLPS) in the presence or absence of AT. Non-toxic level of AT dose-dependently increased the LDLR protein level, and AT at $400{\mu}g/mL$ markedly inhibited PCSK9 protein expression. Similarly, AT significantly increased LDLR gene expression, whereas it significantly down-regulated PCSK9 gene expression. AT-mediated reduction of PCSK9 gene expression is likely due to decreased hepatic nuclear factor $1{\alpha}$ ($HNF1{\alpha}$) expression, but not SREBP2 in HepG2 cells under lipid-depleted conditions. AT-mediated PCSK9 inhibition contributed to LDLR protein stabilization via protection against LDLR lysosomal degradation in HepG2 cells under lipid-depleted conditions. Further investigation is warranted to determine the active components of AT and whether or not these components are effective in reducing hypercholesterolemia.
Keywords
PCSK9; LDL receptor; $HNF1{\alpha}$; HepG2; Western diet;
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