Biochemical Components and Physiological Activities of Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)

The general components and cyclitol compounds of ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) were analyzed to examine the possibility of using extracts as functional food materials, the antioxidant effects and antidiabetic activities of the extracts by solvent fraction were tested. Among the mineral contents, contents of K and Na were the largest ($1,213.33{\pm}2.52$ and $545.53{\pm}12.01mg/100g$, respectively), followed by S, Ca, P, and Mg in order of precedence. Among cyclitol compounds, content of D-pinitol was the largest ($4.04{\pm}0.08mg/g$) while contents of chiro-inositol and myo-inositol were relatively small ($2.82{\pm}0.01$ and $0.25{\pm}0.01mg/g$, respectively). Among total phenol contents by solvent fraction, contents of chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were large ($35.80{\pm}1.33$ and $23.70{\pm}0.62mg\;GAE/g$, respectively). Among antioxidant activity levels examined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and lipid/MA assays, the chloroform fraction commonly showed the highest level of activity while the ethyl acetate fraction showed relatively high levels of activity. The antioxidant activity levels were proportional to total phenol contents by solvent fraction. As for antidiabetic effects, all solvent fractions showed at least 50% ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity levels while the ethyl acetate, butanol, and chloroform fractions showed high levels activity of $90.33{\pm}0.40$, $87.98{\pm}0.16$, and $86.38{\pm}0.51%$, respectively. The ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitory actively levels were in the range of $25.63{\pm}1.45{\sim}60.34{\pm}2.67%$, which was lower than the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity levels, but the inhibitory activity levels by solvent fraction were similar. Given the above study results, ice plant can be utilized as a natural material with antioxidative and antidiabetic functionality.

아이스플랜트(Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)의 생화학적 성분 및 생리활성 효과

아이스플랜트(Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)의 일반성분과 cyclitol 화합물을 분석하였으며, 기능성 식품의 소재로 활용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 추출물의 용매분획별 항산화 효과 및 항당뇨 활성 등을 검정하였다. 무기질 함량은 K와 Na가 각각 $1,213.33{\pm}2.52$와 $545.53{\pm}12.01mg/100g$으로 가장 많았고, S, Ca, P, Mg의 순이었다. Cyclitol 화합물의 함량은 D-pinitol이 $4.04{\pm}0.08mg/g$으로 가장 많았으며, chiro-inositol과 myo-inositol은 각각 $2.82{\pm}0.01$과 $0.25{\pm}0.01mg/g$으로 비교적 적게 함유되어 있었다. 용매분획별 총페놀 함량은 chloroform과 ethyl acetate 분획에서 각각 $35.80{\pm}1.33$과 $23.70{\pm}0.62mg\;GAE/g$으로 많았다. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP 및 lipid/MA assay에 의한 항산화 활성은 공통적으로 chloroform 분획에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, ethyl acetate 분획에서 비교적 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성은 용매분획별 총페놀 함량과 비례적이었다. 한편 항당뇨 효과는 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 저해활성에서 모든 용매분획에서 50% 이상의 활성을 나타내었으며, ethyl acetate, butanol 및 chloroform 분획에서 각각 $90.33{\pm}0.40$, $87.98{\pm}0.16$ 및 $86.38{\pm}0.51%$의 높은 활성을 나타내었다. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ 저해 활성은 $25.63{\pm}1.45{\sim}60.34{\pm}2.67%$로서 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 저해 활성보다는 낮았으나, 용매분획별 저해 활성은 유사한 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과로 볼 때 아이스플랜트가 항산화 및 항당뇨 기능성 천연소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각되었다.