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http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.11.1700

Effect of Grain Size and Drying Temperature on Drying Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max) Using Hot Air Drying  

Park, Hyeon Woo (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Kangwon National University)
Han, Won Young (Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science)
Yoon, Won Byong (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Life Science, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.44, no.11, 2015 , pp. 1700-1707 More about this Journal
Abstract
The effects of drying temperature on drying characteristics of soybeans with different grain sizes [6.0 (S), 7.5 (M), and 9.0 mm (L) (${\pm}0.2$)] with 25.0% (${\pm}0.8$) initial moisture content were studied. Drying temperatures varied at 25, 35, and $45^{\circ}C$, with a constant air velocity (13.2 m/s). Thin-layer drying models were applied to describe the drying process of soybeans. The Midilli-Kucuk model showed the best fit ($R^2$ >0.99). Based on the model parameters, drying time to achieve the target moisture content (10%) was successfully estimated. Drying time was strongly dependent on the size of soybeans and the drying temperature. The effective moisture diffusivity ($D_{eff}$) was estimated by the diffusion model based on Fick's second law. $D_{eff}$ values increased as grain size and drying temperature increased due to the combined effect of high temperatures and high drying rates, which promote compact tissue. Deff values of S, M, and L estimated were in the range of $0.83{\times}10^{-10}$ to $1.51{\times}10^{-10}m^2/s$, $1.17{\times}10^{-10}$ to $2.17{\times}10^{-10}m^2/s$, and $1.53{\times}10^{-10}$ to $2.95{\times}10^{-10}m^2/s$, respectively, whereas activation energy ($E_a$) based on drying temperature showed no significant differences in the size of soybeans.
Keywords
hot air drying; drying characteristics; grain size; thin-layer drying models; soybean;
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