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http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.3.487

Pharmacological Activities of Coffee Roasted from Fermented Green Coffee Beans with Fungal Mycelia in Solid-state Culture  

Shin, Ji-Young (R&D Center, CosisBio Corporation Limited)
Kim, Hoon (R&D Center, CosisBio Corporation Limited)
Kim, Dong-Gu (R&D Center, CosisBio Corporation Limited)
Baek, Gil-Hun (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University)
Jeong, Heon-Sang (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University)
Yu, Kwang-Won (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.42, no.3, 2013 , pp. 487-496 More about this Journal
Abstract
Green coffee beans (CB, Indonesian Mandheling) were fermented with three kinds of mushrooms (Phellinus linteus, PL; Hericium erinaceum, HE; Ganoderma lucidum, GL) or two kinds of mycelia from molds (Monascus purpureus, MP; Monascus ruber, MR) using solid-state culture to enhance physiological activity. After the roasting of fermented green coffee beans, roasted coffees were extracted with a hot-water decoction or 95% ethanol reflux. Yields from hot water extracts (HW, 17.7~25.3%) were higher than those from ethanolic extracts (EE, 9.5~12.2%). Hot-water extracts of roasted coffees from green coffee beans fermented with two molds (MP-CB-HW and MR-CB-HW) showed higher total polyphenols, flavonoids, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity than roasted coffees from non-fermented (CB-HW) or fermented green coffee beans with the three mycelia from mushrooms. MR-CB-HW also had the most potent macrophage stimulating and mitogenic activity (1.32 and 1.40-fold of CB-HW, respectively). In addition, MP-CB-EE and MR-CB-EE did not show any cytotoxicity to the RAW 264.7 cell at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$, and these extracts significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production from the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell line (38.6 and 37.0% of the LPS-treated group). Meanwhile, the chlorogenic acid concentrations of MP-CB-HW or MR-CB-HW highly increased (to 76.21 or $76.73{\mu}g/mL$, respectively), but caffeine concentrations were not affected by solid-state fermentation. In conclusion, the physiological activities of roasted coffees were enhanced by the solid-state culture of green coffee beans with M. purpureus or M. ruber, suggesting that these roasted coffees could possibly serve industrial applications as functional coffee beverages.
Keywords
green coffee beans; roasted coffee; fungal mycelia; solid-state culture; physiological activity;
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