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http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.3.325

Effects of Fermentation on the Metabolic Activities of Pine Needle Juice  

Kim, So-Yun (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University)
Lee, Hyun-Jung (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University)
Park, Jae-Hee (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University)
Kim, Rae-Young (Dept. of Hotel Culinary and Bakery, Chang-Shin College)
Cheong, Hyeonsook (Dept. of Biotechnology, Chosun University)
Park, Eunju (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyungnam University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.42, no.3, 2013 , pp. 325-334 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the content and metabolic activities between fresh pine needle juice (PNJ) and fermented pine needle juice (FPNJ). A variety of factors were measured, including total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity [DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), cellular antioxidant capacity (CAC)], anti-genotoxic activity, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. The TPC was $17.3{\pm}0.2$ and $4.6{\pm}0.0$ mg GAE/g in PNJ and FPNJ, respectively. The DPPH RSA, TRAP, and ORAC values increased in a dose-dependent manner for both PNJ and FPNJ, with significantly higher activities in PNJ than FPNJ. The CAC against AAPH-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells was protected by both PNJ and FPNJ. Pretreatment with PNJ and FPNJ in human leukocytes produced significant reductions in $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage at a concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity was significantly higher in FPNJ than PNJ. The ACE inhibitory activity was about 87.1% and 60.0% in 1:1 diluted PNJ and FPNJ, respectively. This study suggests that the fermentation of PNJ could enhance the regulation of blood glucose metabolism and both PNJ and FPNJ might be a new potential source of natural antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-hypertensive agents applicable to food.
Keywords
Pinus densiflora, antioxidant, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, angiotensin converting enzyme, fermentation;
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