Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2007.36.10.1307

Changes in the Physicochemical Characteristics of Green Wheat during Maturation  

Kim, Min-Chul (Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Chungnam National University)
Lee, Ka-Soon (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES)
Lee, Byung-Jin (Haechandle Co., Ltd.)
Kwon, Byung-Gu (Haechandle Co., Ltd.)
Ju, Jung-Il (Chungnam Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
Gu, Ja-Hyeong (Dept. of Horticulture, Chungnam Notional University)
Oh, Man-Jin (Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.36, no.10, 2007 , pp. 1307-1313 More about this Journal
Abstract
In order to evaluate the utilization of immature green wheat kernels as food processing material, these experiments were carried out to analyze general composition, free sugars, free amino acids, mineral content and color of 3 wheat varieties according to their heading dates. Contents such as moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash were gradually decreased according to the days after heading of 3 wheat varieties, while crude fiber and starch were gradually increased. Maltose and maltotriose contents in immature green wheat kernels were high but its rapidity decreased by closing to ripeness. Contents of free amino acids showed a tendency to decrease, among which alanine content was the highest around 25 days after heading, and then glutamic acid, GABA, glycine in order. Contents of total free amino acid were decreased by closing to ripeness. Among 3 wheat varieties, its contents of Guru wheat was the highest. As wheat matured, ${\beta}-glucan$ contents were decreased from 1.5% to 0.28% on 43 days after heading. Mineral contents of 3 wheat varieties were generally increased by closing to ripeness after coming into ears, and K, Mg were especially prominent. As wheat matured, lightness was decreased, while redness and yellowness were increased. Considering chemical composition and color, the immature green wheat were produced through blanching the spikes harvested before the yellow ripe stage. The harvested green wheat cereals is able to eat raw wheat or cook it as food processing material.
Keywords
green wheat; whole grain; free amino acid; free sugar;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 12  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 0
연도 인용수 순위
1 Hwang SY. 1988. Baking quality of flours and effect of oxidants. Korean J Food Technol 20: 890-894   과학기술학회마을
2 Lee SY, Hur HS, Song JC, Park NK, Chung WK, Nam JH, Chang HG. 1997. Comparison do noodle-related characteristics of domestic and imported wheat. Korean J Food Sci Technol 29: 44-50   과학기술학회마을
3 Peter V, Dick D, Lance L, Gabriela B, John S, David R. 2004. Impact of fermentation temperature on yeast reductase activity. Master Brewers Association of American Communication 41: 282-292
4 Ju JI, Lee KS, Min HI, Lee BJ, Kwon BG, Gu JH, Oh MJ. 2007. Changes in physicochemical characteristics of green barley according to days after heading. Korean J Crop Sci 51: 36-44   과학기술학회마을
5 농림부. 2005. 농림업 주요통계. p 272
6 Kim HK. 1989. The chemical composition of barley and wheat varieties. Korean J Food Sci Technol 19: 286-292
7 Song JC, Lee SY, Park NK, Hur HS, Nam JH. 1998. Comparison of flour quality between domestic and imported wheat flour. Korean J Breed 30: 156-161
8 Kim HY, Oh MS. 2001. Comparison of bread baking properties using domestic and imported flour and quality changes during storage. Korean J Dietary Culture 16: 27-32
9 Chang HG, Kim JY. 2004. Physicochemical characteristics and sugar-snap cookie potentialities of Korean wheats. Korean J Food Sci Technol 36: 754-760   과학기술학회마을
10 Lee CH, Lee HD, Kwon OH, Chang HG. 1984. Milling property of Australian wheats and physicochemical properties of the flours. J Korean Agric Chem Soc 27: 21-28   과학기술학회마을
11 Park JU, Ahn JY, Hahn YS. 2005. Development and quality evaluation of hypo-allergenic bakery products using homegrown wheat. Korean J Food Sci Technol 37: 736-740   과학기술학회마을
12 Han OK, Kim YK. 2005. Difference in volatile flavor components among milling fractions of wheat. Korean J Corp Sci 50: 442-446   과학기술학회마을
13 Rhee C. 1983. A study on rheological properties of dough and whole wheat bread-baking test of wheat variety 'Cho-Kwang'. Korean J Food Sci Technol 15: 215-219   과학기술학회마을
14 Kim CT, Cho SJ, Hwang JK, Kim CJ. 1997. Composition of amino acids, sugars and minerals of domestic wheat varieties. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 26: 229-235   과학기술학회마을
15 American Association of Cereal Chemist. 1983. Approved Methods of the AACC. St. Paul, Minnesota. p 16
16 McClear BV, Glennie-Holmes M. 1985. Enzymic quantification of (1-3)(1-4)-$\beta$-glucan in barley and malt. J Inst Brew 91: 285-288   DOI
17 식품공업협회. 2005. 식품공전. p 773
18 Lee JS, Kim SK, Kim CS, Cho MH. 1983. Contents of minerals and amino acid of husked and naked barley. Korean J Food Sci Technol 15: 90-92   과학기술학회마을
19 Ku KH, Park DJ, Kim JH. 1996. Characteristics of physicochemical and processing of domestic wheat varieties. Proceeding of Conference in Fall of Korean Soc Food Sci Technol. p 45-46
20 Park H. 1976. Varieties difference in protein, carbohydrate, P, K, Ca and Mg content of naked barley. J Korean Agric Chem Soc 19: 82-84
21 Daniel NWR, Richmond JW, Russell EPW, Coppock JBM. 1996. Studies in lipids of flour. Lipid binding in bread marketing. J Sci Food Agric 17: 20-24   DOI
22 Miller GL. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal Chem 31: 426-428   DOI
23 Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1995. Official methods of analysis. 17th ed. Maryland. p 30
24 Choe JS, Youn JY. 2005. The chemical composition of barley and wheat varieties. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 34: 223-229   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Song JC, Park NK, Hur HS, Lee SY, Nam JH, Park MW. 1999. Comparison of volatile compounds between some domestic and imported wheat cultivars. Korean J Breed 31: 153-159
26 Jang EH, Lim HS, Koh BK, Lim ST. 1999. Quality of Korean wheat noodles and its relations to physicochemical properties of flour. Korean J Food Sci Technol 31: 138-146   과학기술학회마을
27 Kim HB. 1995. Varietal difference of immature spike number and its relationship with other characters in barley and wheat. Korean J Crop Sci 40: 245-249   과학기술학회마을