Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.9.1464

Trace Metal Contents and Safety Evaluation of Major Edible Seaweeds from Korean Coast  

Mok, Jong-Soo (Food Sanitation Research Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Park, Hee-Yeon (Food Sanitation Research Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Kim, Ji-Hoe (Food Sanitation Research Team, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.34, no.9, 2005 , pp. 1464-1470 More about this Journal
Abstract
To assure the safety of the major edible seaweeds, we collected the 176 samples of seaweeds such as laver(Porphyra sp.), sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida), sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) and sea lettuce (Enter-omorph sp.) from Korean coast. We investigated the contents of the trace metals in the edible seaweeds, and the values were expressed as the dry weight of sea weeds. The mean levels of the trace metals were high in the oder of Zn ($36.19{\pm}27.14 \;{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($28.75{\pm}28.03\;{\mu}g/g$), and Cu ($6.82{\pm}7.62\;{\mu}g/g$), which are necessary metals in the human body, and then followed by Cr ($1.54{\pm}2.07\;{\mu}g/g$), Ni ($1.29{\pm}2.57\;{\mu}g/g$), Pb ($0.89{\pm}1.11\;{\mu}g/g$), Cd ($0.72{\pm}0.80\;{\mu}g/g$) and Hg ($0.01{\pm}0.02\;{\mu}g/g$). The contents of Cd and Zn were high in the laver, Cr, Ni and Pb were detected highly in sea lettuce, and Hg was detected highly in sea tangle. Significant linear correlations were obtained among 28 different pairs of metals, some of them highly correlated (r>0.5, p<0.05),such as Ni-Mn, Zn-Ni, Cu-Pb and Cu-Zn in laver, Ni-Zn in sea mustard, Cu-Pb, Cu-Zn and Mn-Pb in sea tangle, and Ni-Cr in sea lettuce. And, the trace metal contents of seaweeds varied with parts and kinds of samples. The average weekly intakes of Hg, Cd and Pb from seaweeds were about $0.07{\~}3.57\%$ of PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes) which has set by FAO/WHO to evaluate the safeties of trace metals in food. Therefore, it was found that they showed very safe levels in the edible seaweeds.
Keywords
edible seaweed; trace metal; safety of the major edible seaweeds; provisional tolerable weekly intakes;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 MOHW (Korea Ministry of Health & Welfare). 2002. Report on 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Korea. p 571
2 Cho DM, Kim DS, Lee DS, Kim HR, Pyeun JH. 1995. Trace components and functional saccharides in seaweed- 1. Changes in proximate composition and trace element according to the harvest season and places. Bull Kor Fish Soc 28: 49-59
3 Oishi K. 1993. Science of Sea Weeds. Asakurasyoten, Tokyo. p 201
4 Choi SN, Lee SU, Chung KH, Ko WB. 1998. A study of heavy metals contents of the seaweeds at various area in Korea. Kor J Soc Food Sci 14: 25-32
5 van Netten C, Hoption Cann SA, Morley DR, van Netten JP. 2000. Elemental and radioactive analysis of commercially available seaweed. Sci Total Environ 255: 169-175   DOI   ScienceOn
6 KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration). 2004. Food Code. p 623
7 NFRDI (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute). 1995. Supplemented Chemical Composition of Marine Products in Korea. p 74-79
8 KREI (Korea Rural Economic Institute). 2003. Food Balance Sheet (2002). p 277
9 Kim MH, Lee YS, Lee DH, Park HS, Sung CJ, 2001. The study of relation among serum, copper, zinc, leptin and lipids of middle-school girls. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 540-546
10 Kim CY. 1972. Studies on the contents of mercury, cadmium, lead and copper in edible seaweeds in Korea. Bull Kor Fish Soc 5: 88-96
11 Kim CY, Won JH. 1974. Concentrations of mercury, cadmium, lead and copper in the surrounding seawater and in seaweeds, Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum fulvellum, from Suyeong Bay in Busan. Bull Kor Fish Soc 7: 169-178
12 Lee JH, Sung NJ. 1980. The content of minerals in algae. J Kor Soc Food & Nutr 9: 51-58
13 Pak CK, Yang KR, Lee IK. 1977. Trace metals in several edible marine algae of Korea. J Oceanol Soc Kor 12: 41-47
14 Kim JH, Mok JS, Park HY. 2005. Trace metal contents in seaweeds from Korean coastal area. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 37: 1041-1051
15 MOMAF (Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries). 2002. Standard Methods for Marine Environmental. p 330
16 Ishii T, Suzuki H, Koyanagi T. 1978. Determination of trace elements in marine organisms- I . Factors for variation of concentration of trace elements. Bull Japan Soc Sci Fish 44: 155-162   DOI
17 NFRDI (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute). 2001. NFRDI Research Project Report. p 365-377
18 Conti ME, Cecchetti G. 2003. A biomonitoring study: trace metals in algae and molluscs from Tyrrhenian coastal areas. Environ Res 93: 99-112   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Phaneuf D, Cote I, Dumas P, Ferron LA, LeBlanc A. 1999. Evaluation of the contamination of marine algae (seaweed) from the St. Lawrence River and likely to be consumed by humans. Environmental Research Section A 80: S175-S182   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Sanchez-Rodriguez I, Huerta-Diaz MA, Choumiline E, Holguin-Quinones O, Zertuche-Gonzalez JA. 2001. Elemental concentration in different species of seaweeds from Loreto Bay, Baja California Sur, Mexico: implications for the geochemical control of metals in algal tissue. Environ Pollut 114: 145-160   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Ishii T, Suzuki Y, Matsuba M, Koyanagi T. 1980. Determination of trace elements in marine organisms-III. Distribution of trace elements in marine algae. Bull Japan Soc Sci Fish 46: 185-189   DOI
22 USFDA (United States Food and Drug Administration). 1993a. Guidance Document for Cadmium in Shellfish. p 44
23 USFDA (United States Food and Drug Administration). 1993b. Guidance Document for Lead in Shellfish. p 45
24 FAO. 1994. Summary of Evaluations Performed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). ILSI, Geneva. p 36-59
25 Sho YS, Kim JS, Chung SY, Kim MH, Hong MK. 2000. Trace metal contents in fishes and shellfishes and their safety evaluation. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 29: 549-554
26 Chung SY, Kim MH, Sho YS, Won KP, Hong MK. 2001. Trace metal contents in vegetable and their safety evaluations. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 30: 32-36
27 KFDA (Korea Food & Drug Administration). 2001. The Report on Nutrition Labelling Settlement Project (II) - Study for Improvement of Nutrition Labeling System, Korea. p 266
28 Lee SR, Lee MG. 2001. Contamination and risk analysis of heavy metals in Korean foods. J Food Hyg Safety 16: 324-332
29 Kim CH, Paik HY, Joung HJ, 1999. Evaluation of zinc and copper status in Korean college women. Kor J Nutr 32: 227-286