Effects of Gums on the Quality of Low Fat Chicken Patty

The preparation of low-fat chicken patties added 10% fat and 0.5% sodium alginate (SA treatment) arabia gum (AG treatment), xanthan gum (XG treatment), respectively and the control patty containing 20% fat was prepared. The moisture contents of raw, cooked and reheated patty of control were lower than low-fat patties containing gums, and were no significant difference among low-fat patties. The fat content of control patty was higher than that of the low-fat patties and the protein showed no significant difference among patties. In case of raw patty, the Hunter's $L^{*}$ value of control patty was higher than that of the low-fat patties, the Hunter's $a^{*}$ value was no significant difference among patties. But the Hunter's $L^{*}$, $a^{*}$ and $b^{*}$ values of cooked and reheated patties showed no significant difference among patties The yielding and fat retention of cooked control patty were lower than that of the low-fat patties. The yield and fat retention of reheated control patty were lower than those of the low-fat patties, and the final yield of low-fat patties was higher than that of the control patty The hardness of cooked patties showed no significant difference among patties but the springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness of low-fat patties were higher than those of the control patty. The water holding capacity of low-fat patties was higher than that of the control patty. In case of reheated patties, the hardness was no significant difference among patties, the springiness was highest in low-fat patty treated arabia gum and was lowest in control patty. The cohesiveness, chewiness and water holding capacity of reheated low-fat patties were higher than those of the control patty. Oleic, palmitic, linoleic and stearic acids were major fatty acids, and glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, arginine and alanine were major amino acids in chicken patties. The aroma was not significantly different among patties, but the texture of low-fat patties was higher than that of the control patty and was not significantly different among low-fat patties.tties.ies.

Gum류가 저지방 계육 Patty의 품질에 미치는 영향

저지방 계육 patty는 지방 10%에 sodium alginate(SA구), arabia gum(AG구) 및 xanthan gum(AG구)를 각각 0.5%씩 첨가하여 제조하였으며, 대조구는 지방 20%를 첨가하여 제조하였다. 생육, 가열육 및 재가열육 patty의 수분함량은 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 낮았고, gum류 첨가구 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 조지방 함량은 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 높았으며, 조단백질 함량은 patty들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 생육 patty의 Hunter's $L^{*}$ (명도)값은 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 높았고, $a^{*}$ (적색도)값은 patty들 사이에 차이가 없었으며, $b^{*}$ (황색도)값은 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 높았다. 그러나 가열육 및 재가열육의 Hunter's $L^{*}$ , $a^{*}$ 및 $b^{*}$ 값은 patty들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 가열육 patty의 수율은 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 낮았으며, 지방 보유율도 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 낮게 나타났다. 재가열육 patty의 수율 및 지방 보유율도 대조구가 gum류 첨가구보다 낮았으며, 최종 수율도 gum류 첨가구가 대조구보다 높게 나타났다. 가열육 patty의 경도는 patty들 사이에 차이가 없었지만, 탄성, 응집성 및 씹힘성은 gum류 첨가구가 대조구보다 높았다. 가열육 patty의 보수력도 gum류 첨가구가 대조구보다 높았다. 그리고 재가열육 patty의 경도는 patty들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 탄성은 AG구가 가장 높고, 대조구가 가장 낮았다. 재가열육 patty의 응집성, 씹힘성 및 보수력은 대조구보다 gum류 첨가구가 높게 나타났다. 계육 patty의 지방산 조성비율은 oleic acid( $C_{18:1}$), palmitic acid( $C_{16:0}$), linoleic acid( $C_{18:2}$), stearic acid( $C_{18:0}$)의 순으로 많았고, 아미노산 조성은 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, arginine, alanine의 순으로 많았다. 향기는 patty들 사이에 차이가 없었으나, 조직감은 gum류 첨가구가 대조구보다 높았으며, gum류 첨가구 사이에는 조직감의 차이가 없었다. 그리고 다즙성, 맛 및 전체적인 기호성은 지방이나 gum류의 첨가가 영향을 미치지 않았다.않았다.않았다.