Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.10.1634

A Study of Nutritional Intake, Eating Habit, Iron Status of Urban and Rural Middle School Girls  

Hong, Soon-Myung (울산대학교 식품영양학과)
Seo, Yeong-Eun (울산대학교 식품영양학과)
Hwang, Hye-Jin (동의대학교 식품영양학과)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition / v.33, no.10, 2004 , pp. 1634-1640 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was designed to compare the nutritional intake and iron nutritional status between urban and rural middle school girls. Along with a questionnaire, blood samples were obtained from 311 middle school girls (urban 129 girls, rural 182 girls). Nutrient intakes were measured with a convenient method, and clinical symptoms relating anemia was investigated by 4-point Likert scale. For the nutrient intake, the total energy intake was 1722.2 kcal (82.0% of RDA) for the urban group and 1649.5 kcal (78.6% of RDA) for rural group. The rural group showed significantly lower level than the urban group in all nutrients except fat, carbohydrate and total energy intake. Regarding the food frequency, students from the rural group marked significantly lower intake of milk (p<0.00l), kimchi (p<0.05), fruit (p<0.05), tofu, bean (p<0.00l) than the urban group. For every clinical finding regarding anemia, the rural group marked higher value than the urban group but the difference was not significant. The hemoglobin concentration of urban group was 13.28 g/dL, and rural group showed 12.51 g/dL which was significantly lower than urban group (p<0.00l). The hematocrit rate was 37.82% for the urban group and 38.13% for the rural group and there was no significant difference between two groups. The red blood cell (RBC) count of the rural group was significantly lower than the urban group (p<0.00l). Evaluating with the iron deficiency standard which is less than 12 g/dL, the urban group was 6.2% and the rural group was 34.6% thus the deficiency rate was significantly higher in the rural group. This study showed that nutrient and iron status of the girls of rural group is not as good as the urban group. As middle school girls require high level of iron absorption due to blood loss which occurs during abrupt physical growth and menstruation, dietary counselling is required to enhance the iron status. When iron deficiency is serious, they need to take more positive action such as iron supplement in addition to food-iron fortification.
Keywords
iron status; nutritional intake; eating habit; anemia; urban; rural;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Yang SH. 1990. A study on dietary habit and intake of in stant food of adolescent boys and girls in Seoul. MS thesis Sookmyung Women's Univ
2 Skinner JD, Salvatti NN, Ezell JM, Penfield MP, CostelIo CA. 1985. Appalachian adolescents' eating pattern and nu trient intakes. J Am Diet Assoc 85: 1093-1099
3 Tanner JM. 1981. Growth and maturation during adoles-cent. Nutr Reu 39: 43-55
4 Bruner AB, Joffe E, Duggan AK, Casella JF, Brandt J. 1996. Randomised study of congnitive effects of iron Supplementation in non-anaemic iron-deficient adolescent girls. Lancet 348: 992-996   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Dallman PR, Yin R, Oshi FA. 1993. Iron deficiency and related nutrient anemias, In Hermtology of infancy and childhood. 4th ed. Nathan DG, Oshi FA, eds. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia, p 413-450
6 Hallberg LH, Hulten L, Lindstedt G, Lundberg P, Mark A, Purens J. 1993. Prevalence of iron deficiency in Swedish adolescents. Pediatr Res 34: 680-687   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Choi JH, Kim JH, Lee MJ, Moon SJ, Lee SL, Baek NS. 1997. An ecological analysis of iron status of middle school Students in Seoul. Korean J Nutr 30: 960-975
8 Anthropometric standards for the assessment of growth and nutritional status. 1998. Korean Community Pediatric Unit
9 Moon SJ, Lee KY, Kim SY. 1981. Application of convenient method for the study of nutritional status of middle aged Korean women. Yonseinonchong 18: 203-218
10 Korean Nutr Soc. 2000. Recommended Dietary Allowance
11 Ministry of Health and welfare. 1999. '98 National Nutrition Survey Report
12 Lifshitz F, Tarim O, Smith MM. 1993. Nutrition in ado lescence, in endocrinology and metabolism. Ctinics of North America 22: 673-683
13 Looker AC, Dallman PR, Carroll MD, Gunter EW, Johnson CL. 1997. Prevalence of iron deficiency in the United States. JAMA 277: 973-976   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Cook JD, Monsen ER. 1976. Food iron absorption in human subjects, m. Comparison of the effects of animal proteins on nonheme iron absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 29: 859-867   DOI
15 Ro HK. 2000. Comparison of nutrient intakes, dietary behavior and Perception about body image between adoles-cent boys and girls in rural area. Korean J Com Nutr 5'. 280-288
16 Park SK, Kim HM, Jeong JY, Park SJ, Park JH, Kim SR, Hong SM. 1999. A study of iron status and anemia of rural and urban middle school students in Ulsan. Korean J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 6: 235-249
17 Kwon WJ, Chang KJ, Kim SK. 2001. Nutrition survey of female middle school students in urban and rural areas of Inchon. Korean J Community Nutr 6: 495-506
18 Kim MK, Ki MR, Banh KN, Kim KR, Choi BY, Kwon YJ, Lee SS, Kim C, Kang YJ. 1998. The effect of parental socio economic status on the nutrient intake of urban and rural adolescents. Korean J Com Nutr 3: 542-555
19 Kim CM, Chung KR. 1985. A survey of nutrition and blood picture of senior high school girls in a Korean rural area. Korean J Nutr 18: 5-13
20 Kim MB, Lee YJ, Lee HS. 1997. Estimation of nutrients in-takes and dietary fiber intake of teenagers in urban, fish inc, rural areas. Korean J Community Nutr 2: 281-293
21 Lee MS, Choi KS, Paik SK. 1994. Nutrition survey of Songmyun middle school students in Goisan country, Chung Buk province. Korean J Nutr 27: 760-775
22 Kim MK, Ki MR, Bang KN, Kim KR, Choi BY, Kwon YJ, Lee SS, Kim C, Kang YJ. 1998. The effect of parental socioeconomic status on the nutrient intake of urban and rural adolescents. Korean J Community Nutr 3: 542-555
23 Ha JO, Kang MH, Kim JH. 1990. A study on prevalence rate of anemia of urban and rural middle school girls. Korean J Pediatrics 33: 1087-1096