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http://dx.doi.org/10.4014/mbl.1510.10005

Identification of a New Agar-hydrolyzing Bacterium Vibrio sp. S4 from the Seawater of Jeju Island and the Biochemical Characterization of Thermostable Agarose  

Lee, Chang-Ro (Department of Biological Science, Myongji University)
Chi, Won-Jae (Biological and Genetic Resource Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resource)
Bae, Chang-Hwan (Biological and Genetic Resource Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resource)
Hong, Soon-Kwang (Department of Biological Science, Myongji University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.43, no.4, 2015 , pp. 314-321 More about this Journal
Abstract
Agar-hydrolyzing bacteria were isolated from the coastal sea water of Jeju Island. One isolate, designated as S4, was selected for further study. The S4 cells were Gram-negative and rod-shaped with smooth beige surfaces and single polar flagellum. Cells were grown at $15-42^{\circ}C$, 0.5-5% (w/v) NaCl, between pH 6.0 and 9.0, and in media containing 0.5-5% (w/v) NaCl. The G+C content was 49.93 mol%. The major fatty acids (>15%) were $C_{18:1}{\omega}7c$, $C_{16:0}$ and Summed feature 3 (comprising $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}$ 2-OH). Based on 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was designated as Vibrio sp. S4. In liquid culture supplemented with 0.1% agar the cell density and agarase activity reached a maximum level in 72 h, while agarase activity in the culture without agar was negligible, implying agarose expression is induced by agar. The optimum pH and temperature for the extracellular crude agarase of S4 were 7.0 and $45^{\circ}C$, respectively. However, it also exhibited 98.6% and 87.6% at $40^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively, of the maximum activity seen at $45^{\circ}C$. The crude agarase hydrolyzed agarose into (neo)agarotetraose and (neo)agarohexaose.
Keywords
Marine bacterium; Vibrio; agarase; phylogenetic analysis;
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