Browse > Article

Properties and Industrial Applications of Seaweed Polysaccharides-degrading Enzymes from the Marine Microorganisms  

Kim, Jeong-Hwan (Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 program), Dong-Eui University)
Kim, Yeon-Hee (Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 program), Dong-Eui University)
Kim, Sung-Koo (Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University)
Kim, Byung-Woo (Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 program), Dong-Eui University)
Nam, Soo-Wan (Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 program), Dong-Eui University)
Publication Information
Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters / v.39, no.3, 2011 , pp. 189-199 More about this Journal
Abstract
Recently seaweed polysaccharides have been extensively studied due to their various biological functions including antitumor, antiviral, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Although seaweed polysaccharides are known to possess numerous beneficial properties, their industrial applications have been limited due to the low inclusion efficiency and high cost of manufacturing involved in chemical hydrolysis. In addition, the smell of seaweed has been a limiting factor in its application in the food and cosmetic industries. Therefore, novel hydrolysis methods and the deodorization of seaweed are required if the extensive application of seaweed polysaccharides is to be seen. A number of studies have examined various seaweed polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, which have been isolated from marine microorganisms, and enzymatic hydrolysis processes have been investigated for the improvement of production yields and the bioefficacy of seaweed polysaccharides. This review is a synopsis on the properties of seaweed polysaccharides-degrading enzymes from marine microorganisms and their industrial applications. The review reveals the pressing need for more concentrated research on the development of new biological materials from seaweed.
Keywords
Seaweed; polysaccharides-degrading enzymes; marine microorganisms; enzymatic hydrolysis; functionality; expression system;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 11  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By SCOPUS : 2
연도 인용수 순위
1 Haug, A., B. Larsen, and O. Smidsrod. 1966. A study of constitution of alginic acid by partial acid hydrolysis. Acta. Chemica. Scand. 20: 183-190.
2 Henderson, M. J. and F. H. Milazzo. 1979. Arylsulfatase in salmonella typhymurium: Detection and influence of carbon source and tyramine on its synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 139: 80- 87.
3 Hicks, S. J. and P. Gacesa. 1996. Heterologous expression of full-length and truncated forms of the recombinant guluronate-specific alginate lyase of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 19: 68-73.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Hoshi, M. and T. Moriya. 1980. Arylsulfatase of sea-urchin sperm. 2. Arylsulfatase as a lysin of sea-urchins. Dev. Biol. 74: 343-350.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Iwamoto, Y., R. Araki, K. Iriyam, T. Oda, H. Fukuda, S. Hayashida, and T. Muramatsu. 2001. Purification and characterization of bifunctional alginate lyase from Alteromonas sp. strain no. 272 and its action on saturated oligomeric substrates. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 65: 133-142.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Chevolot, L. A. Foucault, F. Chaubet, N. Kervarec, C. Sinquin, A. M. Fisher, and C. Boisson-Vidal. 1999. Futher data on the structure of brown seaweed fucans: relationships with anticoagulant activity. Carbohydr. Res. 319: 154-165.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Chisti, Y. 2007. Biodiesel from microalgae. Biotechnol. Adv. 25: 294-306.   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Cho, E. S., J. H. Kim, Y. H. Kim, and S. W. Nam. 2010. Characterization of Agarose Produced by Yeast Cell Surface Displayed-Arylsulfatase. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38: 428-433.
9 Cho, K. J., Y. S. Lee, and B. H. Ryu. 1990. Antitumor effect and immunology activity of seaweeds toward sarcoma-180. Bull. Kor. Fish. Soc. 23: 345-352.
10 Davidson, I. W., I. W. Sutherland, and C. J. Lawson. 1976. Purification and properties of an alginate lyase from a marine bacterium. Biochem. J. 159: 707-713.
11 De Hostos, E. L., R. K. Togasaki, and A. Grossman. 1988. Purification and biosynthesis of a derepressible periplasmic arylsulfatase from Chlamydomonas reinharditii. J. Cell Biol. 106: 29-37.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Do, J. H. 1997. Extraction and purification of agar from Gelidium amansii. J. Korean Fish Soc. 30: 423-427.
13 Araki, T., M. Hayakawa, Z. Lu, S. Karita, and T. Morishita. 1998. Purification and characterization of agarases from a marine bacterium, Vibrio sp. PO-303. J. Mar. Biotechnol. 6: 260-265.
14 Asia, Y., Y. Miyakawa, T. Nakazato, H. Shibata, K. Saito, Y. Ikeda, and M. Kizaki. 2005. Fucoidan induces apoptosis of human HS-sultan cells accompanied by activation of caspase-3 and down-regulation of ERK pathway. Am. J. Hematol. 78: 7-14.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Buck, B. C. and C. M. Buchholz. 2004. The offshore ring: A new system design for the open ocean aquaculture of macroalgae. J. Appl. Phycol. 16: 355-369.
16 Beer, L., E. S. Boyd, J. Peters, and M. Posewitz. 2009. Engineering algae for biohydrogen and biofuel production. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 20: 264-271.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Beil, S., H. Kehrli, J. Peter, W. Staudenmann, A. M. Cook, T. Leisinger, and M. A. Kertesz. 1995. Purification and characterization of the agaropectin sulfatase synthesized by Psedomonas aeruginosa PAO during growth in sulfate-free medium and cloning of the arylsulfatase gene(atsA). Eur. J. Biochem. 229: 385-394.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Berteau, O. and B. Mulloy. 2003. Sulfated fucans, fresh perspectives: structures, functions, and biological properties of sulfated fucans and an overview of enzymes active toward this class of polysaccharide. Glycobiol. 13: 29-40.
19 Uo, M. H., D. S. Joo, S. Y. Cho, and T. S. Min. 2006. Purification and characterization of the extracellular alginase produced by Bacillus lichenformis AL-577. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 35: 231-237.   DOI
20 Temuujin,, U., W. J. Chi, S. Y. Lee, Y. K. Chang, and S. K. Hong. 2011. Overexpression and biochemical characterization of DagA from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2): an endo-type ${\beta}-agarase$ producing neoagarotetraose and neoagarohexaose. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. DOI:10.1007/ S00253-011-3347-7
21 Wang, X., X. Liu, and G. Wang. 2011. Two-stage hydrolysis of invasive algal feedstock for ethanol fermentation. J. Integr. Plant Biol. 53: 246-252.   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Zhang, W. W. and L. Sun. 2007. Cloning, characterization, and molecular application of a beta-agarase gene from Vibrio sp. strain V134. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 2825- 2831.   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Yang, J. S. and S. R. Lee. 1997. Effect of ionizing radiation on the extraction yield and viscosity of alginate. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 9: 194-198.
24 Yeon, J. H., S. E. Lee, W. Y. Choi, D. H. Kang, H. Y. Lee, and K. H. Jung. 2011. Repeated-batch operation of surfaceaerated fermentor for bioethanol production from the hydrolysate of seaweed Sargassum sagamianum. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 21: 323-331.
25 Yun, E. J., M. H. Shin, J. J. Yoon, Y. J. Kim, I. G. Choi, and K. H. Kim. 2011. Production of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose from agarose by agarolytic enzymes of Saccharophagus degradans 2-40. Process Biochemistry 46: 88-93.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Park, Y. H., D. S. Chang, and S. B. Kim. 1994. Symbiotic formation of alginate lyase in mixed culture of bacteria isolated from soil. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 69: 192-194.
27 Nakashima, H., Y. Kido, N. Kobayashi, Y. Motoki, M. Neushal, and N. Yamamoto. 1987. Purification and characterization of an avian myeloblastosis and human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase inhibitor sulfated polysaccharide extracted from sea algae. Agents Chemother. 31: 1524-1528.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Oh, C. H., C. Nikapitiya, Y. D. Lee, I. S. Whang, S. J. Kim, D. H. Kang, J. H. Lee. 2010. Cloning, purification and biochemical characterization of beta agarase from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. AG4. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 37: 483-494.   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Ohta, Y., Y. Hatada, M. Miyazaki, Y. Nogi, S. Ito, and K. Horikoshi. 2005. Purification and characterization of a novel $\alpha$-agarase from a Thalassomonas sp. Curr. Microbiol. 50: 212-216.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Park, K. Y., J. H. Back, W. Hur, and S. Y. Lee. 2007. In vitro glucose and bile acid retardation effect of fucoidan from Laminaria japonica. Kor. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 4: 265-269.
31 Pereira, M. S., B. Mulloy, and P. A. S. Mourao. 1999. Structure and anticoagulant activity of sulfated fucans. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 7656-7667.   DOI
32 Preeprame, S., K. Hayashi, J. B. Lee, U. Sankawa, and T. Hayashi. 2001. A novel antivirally active fucan sulfate derived from an edible brown alga. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 49: 484-485.   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Rehm, B. H. A. and S. Valla. 1997. Bacterial alginates: biosynthesis and applications. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 48: 281-288.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Seok, J. H., H. G. Park, S. H. Lee, S. W. Nam, S. J. Jeon, J. H. Kim, and Y. H. Kim. 2010. High-level secretory expression of recombinant $\beta$-agarase from Zobellia galactanivorans in Pichia pastoris. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38: 40-45.
35 Scot, M., G. M. Colin, J. David, L. Mills, and J. B. Brian. 1987. Estimation of meiobenthic nematode diversity by non specialists. Marine Pollu. Bulletin. 18: 646-649.   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Miech, C., T. Dierks, T. Selmer, K. V. Figura, and B. Schmidt. 1998. Arylsulfatase from Klebsiella pneumoniaecarries a formylglycine generated from a serine. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 4835-4837.   DOI
37 Lee, Y. S., D. S. Kim, B. H. Ryu, and S. H. Lee. 1992. Antitumor and immunomodulating effects of seaweeds toward sarcoma-180 cell. J. Kor. Soc. Food Nutr. 21: 544- 550.
38 Linker, A. and L. R. Evans. 1984. Isolation and characterization of an alginase from mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeroguinosa. J. Bacteriol. 159: 958-964.
39 Luning, K. and S. J. Pang. 2003. Mass cultivation of seaweeds: current aspects and approaches. J. Appl. Phycol. 15:115-119.
40 Kim, H. C., H. J. Kim, W. B. Choi, and S. W. Nam. 2006. Inulooligosaccharides production from inulin by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain displaying cell-surface endoinulinase. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 360-367.
41 Kim, M. J., J. H. Kim, and S. W. Nam. 2011. Constitutive overexpression of Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora arylsulfatase in E. coli fed-batch culture. Kor. J. Chem. Eng. 28: 1101-1104.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Kim, O. J., D. G. Lee, S. M. Lee, S. J. Lee, H. J. Do, H. J. Park, A. Kim, J. H. Lee, and J. M. Ha. 2010. Isolation and characteristics of alginate-degrading Methylobacterium sp. HJM27. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38: 144-150.
43 Kong, J. Y., S. H. Hwang, B. J. Kim, S. K. Bae, and J. D. Kim. 1997. Cloning and expression of an agarase gene form a marine bacterium Pseudomonas sp. w7. Biotechnol. Lett. 19: 23-26.   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Lee, B. H., S. B. Lee, and W. K. Kim. 2009. Alginate fiber. Fiber Technol. Ind. 13: 21-24.
45 Lee, J. H. and E. Y. Lee. 2003. Isolation of alginate degrading marine bacteria and characterization of alginase. J. Life Sci. 23: 718-722.
46 Lee, J. H., M. J. Bae, Y. C. Kim, and S. W. Nam. 2009. Identification and characterization of alginate lyase producing Pseudomonas sp. N7151-6. Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 37: 350-354.
47 Lee, S., Y. Oh, D. Kim, D. Kwon, C. Lee, and J. Lee. 2011. Converting carbohydrates extracted from marine algae into ethanol using various ethanolic Escherichia coli strains. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 164:878-888.   DOI   ScienceOn
48 Kim, B. J., S. D. Ha., D. J. Lim., C. Song, and J. Y. Kong. 1998. Production of agarase from marine bacterium Bacillus cereus ASK202. Kor. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 13: 524-529..
49 Jung, J. Y., S. S. Hur, and Y. H. Choi. 1999. Studies on the efficient extraction process of alginic acid in sea tangle. Food Eng. Prog. 3: 90-97.
50 Kato, I. 2000. Antioxidative and antitumorigenic properties of agarooligosaccharide. Bio Industry 17: 13-19.
51 Kim, D. E., E. Y. Lee, and H. S. Kim. 2009. Cloning and characterization of alginate lyase from a marine bacterium Streptomyces sp. ALG-5. Mar. Biotechnol. 11:10-16.   DOI   ScienceOn
52 Dobashi, K., T. Nishino, M. Fufihara, and T. Nagumo. 1989. Isolation and preliminary characterization of fucose containing sulfated polysaccharide with blood anticoagulant activity from the brown seaweed. Carbohydr. Res. 194: 315- 320.
53 Jansen, H. J., C. A. Hart, J. M. Rhodes, J. R. Saunders, and J. W. Smalley. 1999. A novel mucin-sulphatase activity found in Bukholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Med. Microbiol. 48: 551-557.   DOI   ScienceOn
54 John, R. P., G. S. Anisha, K. M. Nampoothiri, and A. Pandey. 2011. Micro and macroalgal biomass: a renewable source for bioethanol. Bioresour. Technol. 102:186-193.   DOI   ScienceOn
55 John, R. P., G. S. Anisha, K. M. Nampoothiri, and A. Pandey. 2011. Micro and macroalgal biomass: a renewable source for bioethanol. Bioresour. Technol. 102:186-193.   DOI   ScienceOn
56 Joo, D. S., J. S. Lee., J. J. Park., S. Y. Cho., H. K. Kim, and E. H. Lee. 1996. Preparation of oligosaccharides from alginic acid enzymatic hydrolysis. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 28: 146-151.
57 Joo, D. S., S. Y. Cho, and E. H. Lee. 1993. Isolation of alginate-degrading bacteria and production of alginate degrading activities by bacteria. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 21: 207-213.
58 Dolan, T. C. S. and D. A. Rees. 1965. The carrageenans. II. The positions of the glycosidic linkages and sulphate esters in ${\lambda}-carrageenan$. J. Chem. Soc. 3534.
59 Duckworth, M. and W. Yaphe. 1971. Structure of ahar. I. Fractionation of a complex mixture of polysaccharides. Carbo. Res. 16: 189-197.   DOI   ScienceOn
60 Fisher, F. G. and H. Dorfel. 1955. The polyuronic acids of brown algae. Part I. Z. Physiol. Chem. 302: 186-203.   DOI
61 Fu, X. T., C. H. Pan, H. Lin, and S. M. Kim. 2009. Gene cloning, expression, and characterization of a beta-agarase, agaB34, from Agarivorans albus YKW-34. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19: 257-264.
62 Gacesa, P. 1988. Alginates. Carbohydr. Polym. 8: 161-182.   DOI   ScienceOn
63 Guven, K. C., Y. Ozsoy, and O. N. Ulutin. 1991. Anticoagulant, fibrinolytic and antiaggregant activity of carrageenans and alginic acid. Botan. Marin. 34: 429-435.