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http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2015.43.3.149

Taxonomic Characterization and Safety of Nuruk Molds Used Industrially in Korea  

Hong, Seung-Beom (Agricultural Microbiology Divison, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Hong, Sung-Yong (School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, Korea University)
Jo, Kyu-Hong (Agricultural Microbiology Divison, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
Kim, Young-Sik (Hakyeong Fermentation Co.)
Do, Jong-Ho (Suwon Fermentation Co.)
Do, Ji-Young (Suwon Fermentation Co.)
Noh, Seok-Beom (Chungmoo Fermentation Co.)
Yoon, Han-Hong (Chungmoo Fermentation Co.)
Chung, Soo-Hyun (School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, Korea University)
Publication Information
The Korean Journal of Mycology / v.43, no.3, 2015 , pp. 149-157 More about this Journal
Abstract
We examined taxonomic characteristics and safety of eight Nuruk molds that are widely used for making soybean paste, soy sauce and alcoholic beverages in Korea. HK1 from Hakyeong Fermentation Co., SW101 from Suwon Fermentation Co., CF1001, CF1002, CF1003 from Chungmoo Fermaentation Co. and KACC 93210 are yellow-Nuruk molds, and SW201 from Suwon Fermentation Co. and CF1005 from Chungmoo Fermentation Co. are white-Nuruk molds. Six strains of yellow-Nuruk molds were identified as Aspergillus oryzae. HK1, SW101, CF1001 and CF1003 of yellow-Nuruk molds have middle length of stipes ($711{\sim}1,121{\mu}m$), and CF1003 (for sake) produced less conidia and more hyphae than HK1, SW101 and CF1001 (for soybean paste). CF 1002 used for soy sauce has shorter stipes ($543{\mu}m$) and is clustered into IBLB-group based on omtA gene analysis although the other yellow-Nuruk molds are clustered into ICAo group. KACC 93210 isolated from traditional Korean Meju has very short stipes (average $270{\mu}m$), and showed velvety colonies although the others showed floccose colonies. The strain has different DNA sequences of omtA gene from other strains in NCBI GenBank as well as strains used in Korea, suggesting that it is unique from other strains published. SW201 and CF1005 of white-Nuruk molds were identified as Aspergillus luchuensis or A. luchuensis mut. Kawachii that is known as safe, non-toxigenic fungus. The six strains of yellow-Nuruk molds did not produce mycotoxins including aflatoxin, cyclopiazonic acid, and sterigmatocystin. Therefore, eight strains of Nuruk molds used for making soy sauce, soybean paste and alcoholic beverages in Korea were proved to be safe in this study.
Keywords
Aspergillus luchuensis; Aspergillus oryzae; Nuruk molds; Safety; Taxonomic characterization;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
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