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Brain Activation in Generating Hypothesis about Biological Phenomena and the Processing of Mental Arithmetic: An fMRI Study  

Kwon, Yong-Ju (Korean National University of Education)
Shin, Dong-Hoon (Korean National University of Education)
Lee, Jun-Ki (Korean National University of Education)
Yang, Il-Ho (Korean National University of Education)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education / v.27, no.1, 2007 , pp. 93-104 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate brain activity both during the processing of a scientific hypothesis about biological phenomena and mental arithmetic using 3.0T fMRI at the KAIST. For this study, 16 healthy male subjects participated voluntarily. Each subject's functional brain images by performing a scientific hypothesis task and a mental arithmetic task for 684 seconds were measured. After the fMRI measuring, verbal reports were collected to ensure the reliability of brain image data. This data, which were found to be adequate based on the results of analyzing verbal reports, were all included in the statistical analysis. When the data were statistically analyzed using SPM2 software, the scientific hypothesis generating process was found to have independent brain network different from the mental arithmetic process. In the scientific hypothesis process, we can infer that there is the process of encoding semantic derived from the fusiform gyrus through question-situation analysis in the pre-frontal lobe. In the mental arithmetic process, the area combining pre-frontal and parietal lobes plays an important role, and the parietal lobe is considered to be involved in skillfulness. In addition, the scientific hypothesis process was found to be accompanied by scientific emotion. These results enabled the examination of the scientific hypothesis process from the cognitive neuroscience perspective, and may be used as basic materials for developing a learning program for scientific hypothesis generation. In addition, this program can be proposed as a model of scientific brain-based learning.
Keywords
biological phenomena; generating hypothesis; mental arithmetic; brain activation; brain-based learning; fMRI;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
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