Browse > Article

The Effects of Cooperative Learning to Study the Unit 'Metabolism' in High School: Application of STAD Model  

Chung, Young-Lan (Ewha Womans University)
Lee, Hye-Won (Ewha Womans University)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education / v.23, no.1, 2003 , pp. 35-46 More about this Journal
Abstract
Problem solving ability, having been thought as one of the most important goals of science education is also a primary task for the current education. Indeed, the students' problem solving ability has shown almost no actual progress, despite our long accumulated science education. Under this circumstances, cooperative learning, a way to grow students' positive inter-dependence and problem solving ability in the basis of their active participation and discussion, was proposed as an effective teaching method. But, results have not consistently shown the advantage of cooperative learning over traditional learning for promoting academic achievement in science. Studies have consistently shown greater effectiveness on affective aspects. But, relatively few have focused on biology in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cooperative learning on the achievement and attitude of high school biology students. The pretest-posttest control group design was applied. The sample consisted of 50 11th-grade female students in experimental group(cooperative learning Student Team Achievement Division model) and 50 students in control group(traditional learning). Students in both groups recieved identical content instruction on the unit 'II. Methabolism'. These groups were treated for 13 hours during 5 weeks. Achievement data were collected using a 24-item multiple-choice test(content validity= .85). Science attitude was measured by an instrument which adapted by Kim In Hee(1994). The instrument(Cronbach $\alpha$=.89) included 40 items in four subscales: attitude toward science, social meaning of science, attitude toward science class, and scientific attitude. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used as the data analysis procedure. For the achievement data, no significant difference exists between the cooperative and traditional groups (p> .05). But, cooperative learning was effective in low-ability students(p < .05). For the science learning attitude data, cooperative learning was more effective than the traditional one(p< .05). Students in the cooperative group acheived better than those in traditional one especially in the subscale of attitude toward science class. There was no meaningful difference of the two methods in both high and average ability students, while cooperative learning was more effective than the traditional one in low ability students(p<.05).
Keywords
Cooperative learning; STAD model; Biology;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 교육부(1997). 고등학교 교육 과정. 대한교과서주식회사
2 김광휘 (1996). 집단보상방법과 협동기술훈련이 학습 능력이 상이한 학습자의 학업 성취에 미치는 효과. 부산대학교 박사학위논문
3 김주훈, 김영민, 이양락, 노석구(1991). 교육의 본질 추구를 위한 과학 교육평가 체제 및 예시 평가 도구 개발. 연구보고, RR 91-19-6. 한국교육개발원
4 박수연(1998). 협동학습 전략에서 소집단 구성 방법의 효과. 서울대학교 석사학위논문
5 이양락(1997), 협동학습이 중학생의 과학 지식, 탐구능력 및 학습 환경 인식에 미치는 효과, 서울대학교 박사학위논문
6 정영란, 손대희(2000). 협동학습 전략이 중학교 생물 학습에서 학생들의 학업성취도와 과학에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향. 한국과학교육학회지, 20 (4), 611-623
7 Amalya, N.(1986). The effects of cooperative learning instructional strategies on academic achievement among sixth grade social students. Dissertation, University of California Santa Barbara
8 Blosser, P. E.(1993). Using Cooperative Learning in Science Education. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. Ed 351207
9 Cohen, E. G. (1994). Restructuring the classroom: Conditions for productive small groups. Review of Educational Research, 64(1), 1- 35   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Johnson, D. W., Maruyama, G., Johnson. R. T., & Skon, L.(1981). Effects of cooperation, competitive, and individualistic goal structures on achievement: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 89, 47-62   DOI
11 Kulik, C. L. & Kulik, J. A.(1982). Effect of ability grouping on secondary school students: A meta-analysis of evaluation findings. American Educational Research Journal, 19(3), 415-428   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Slavin. R. E. (1978). Students and comparison among equals: Effects on academic performance and student attitudes. J. of educational psychology. 70. 532-538   DOI
13 Webb, N. M.(1985). Student interaction and learning in small group: A research summary. In R. Slavin, S. Sharan, S. Kagan, R. Herta-Lazarowitz, C. Webb & R. Schmuck(eds.), Learning to cooperate, cooperating to learn. Plenum: New York, 147-172
14 Okebukola, P. A., & Ogunniyi, M. B.(1984). Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic science laboratory interaction patterns: Effects on students' achievement and acquisition of practical skills. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(9). 875-884   DOI
15 이완석(1998). 협동학습이 중학생의 과학 학업 성취 및 학습 태도에 미치는 영향. 한국교원대학교 석사학위논문
16 전선례(1999). 중학생의 대기와 물의 순환 개념변화에 대한 협동학습의 효과. 한국교원대학교 석사학위논문
17 Swing. S., & Peterson, P. (1982) The Relationship of student Ability and small group Interaction to Student Achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 19, 259-274   DOI   ScienceOn
18 교육부(1992). 중학교 교육과정. 대한교과서주식회사
19 노태희, 차정호, 임희준, 노석구, 권은주(1997b). 협동 학습 전략의 교수 효과: 고등학교 화학수업에 STAD모델의 적용. 한국과학교육학회지, 17(3), 251-260
20 노태희, 차정호, 임희준, 노석구, 권은주(1997a). 협동 학습 전략의 교수 효과. 중학교 물상수업에 LT 모델의 적용. 한국과학교육학회지, 17(2), 139-148
21 Slavin, R. E. (1991). Synthesis of research on cooperative learning. Educational Leadership, 48(5), 71-82
22 김인희 (1995). 중학교 과학수업에서 STS 수업모형의 적용 효과. 한국 교원대학교 석사학위논문
23 Okebukola, P, A.(1986). The influence of preferred learning styles on cooperative learning in science. Science Education, 70(5), 509-517   DOI
24 Peterson. P. L., Janicki, T. C., & Swing, S. R.(1981). Ability X treatment interaction effects on children's learning in large-group and small-group approach. American Educational Research Journal. 18(4). 453-473
25 강인숙(1998), 협동학습이 중학생들의 과학 학습 태도 및 학업 성취도에 미치는 영향- 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문
26 Chang, H. P. & Lederman. N. G.(1994). The effect of levels of cooperation within physical science laboratory groups on physical science achievement. Journal of Reseerch in Science Teaching. 31(2), 167-181   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Tingle. J. B., & Good. R.(1990). Effects of cooperative grouping on stoichio-metric problem solving in high school chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 27(7). 671-683   DOI
28 김영화, 이인효, 임진영(1994). 한국인의 교육 의식 조사 연구 연구보고 RR-94-8. 한국교육개발원
29 임희준(1998). 과학 수업에서의 협동학습: 교수 효과와 소집단의 언어적 상호 작용. 서울대학교 박사학위논문
30 Lazarowitz, R. & Karsenty, G.(1990). Cooperative learning and students' academic achievement, process skills, learning environment, and self-esteem in tenth-grade biology classrooms, In S. Sharan (ed.) , Cooperative Learning : Theory and Research. Praeger : New York, 123-149
31 Slavin. R. E.(1995). Cooperative learning : Theory. research. and practice. Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice-Hall
32 Bianchini, J. A. (1997), Where knowledge construction, equity, and context interest: Student learning of science in small groups. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 34(10). 1039-1065   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T.(1989). Cooperation and competition: Theory and research. Edina, Interaction Book Company: MN.
34 Webb. N. M.(1982). Group composition, group interaction. and achievement in cooperative small groups. Journal of Educational Psychology, 74(4), 475-484   DOI
35 이상희(2000). 고등학교 공통과학 수업에서 협동학습이 생식과 유전의 개념 형성, 과학 수업 및 과학에 대한 태도에 미치는 효과. 서울대학교 석사학위논문
36 이현종 (1982). 중등학교 과학 교육에 대한 고찰 - 경기도 북부 지역을 중심으로. 고려대학교 석사학위논문
37 정영란, 강계윤 (2000). 중학교 '식물의 구조와 기능' 단원에서 협동학습이 학생들의 학업성취도와 태도에 미치는 영향. 한국생물교육학회지, 28(3), 192-201
38 Johnson, D. W & Johnson, R. T.(1984). Structuring cooperative learning: Lesson plans for teachers. New Brighton, Interaction Book Co: MN.
39 Sherman, L. W.(1988). A comparative study of cooperative and competitive achievement in two secondary biology classroom : The group investigation model versus an individually competitive goal structure. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 26, 55-64   DOI
40 Smith. M. U., & Good, R.(1984). Problem solving and classical genetics: Successful versus unsuccessful performance. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(9). 895-912   DOI
41 Slavin, R. E.(1990). Cooperative Learning: Theory, Research. and Practice. Allyn and Bacon
42 이선미(1999). 고등학교 생물 I '인체의 이해' 단원에 협동학습 프로그램의 개발과 현장 적용. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문
43 Lazarowitz, R., Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., & Baird. J. H. (1994). Learning science in a cooperative setting: Academic achievement and affective outcomes. Journal of Research In Science Teaching, 31(10), 1121-1131   DOI   ScienceOn
44 Humphreys. B., Johnson, R. T. & Johnson. D. W. (1982). Effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning on students' achievement in science class. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 19(5), 351-356   DOI
45 Watson. S. B.(1991). Cooperative learning and group educational modules: effects on cognitive achievement of high school biology students. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 54(2), 84-86
46 이동원 (1990). 협동학습 전략과 경쟁학습 전략이 학업 성취에 미치는 효과. 교육학연구, 28(3), 137-146