Browse > Article

Effect of Feeding Multiple Probiotics on Performance and Fecal Noxious Gas Emission in Broiler Chicks  

Yoon C. (Dept. of Animal Science, Iksan National College)
Na C. S. (Dept. of Animal Science, Iksan National College)
Park J. H. (Dept. of Animal Resources and Biotech, Chonbuk National University)
Han S. K. (The Center for EM Research and Development)
Nam Y. M. (The Center for EM Research and Development)
Kwon J. T. (Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Poultry Science / v.31, no.4, 2004 , pp. 229-235 More about this Journal
Abstract
A study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of multiple probiotics (EM) on growth performance, blood cholesterol, intestinal micro flora, and fecal gas emission in broiler chicks. A total of 450 one day old male broiler chicks (Ross $\times$ Ross) were divided into six treatments with five replications in each treatment for five weeks. Treatments were factorially designed with two levels of diet containing probiotics (DW; 0, $0.2\%$) and three levels of drinking water containing probiotics (DW; 0, 0.01, $0.1\%$). Basal diets contained $21.5\%$ CP and 3,100 kcal/kg ME for starting and $19\%$ CP and 3,100 kcal/kg ME for finishing period. Weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversions of birds fed with probiotics were not significantly different between Ds. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in birds fed with DW $0.01\%$ or $0.1\%$ compared with no probiotics group, but there was no significant difference between D treatments. The number of E. coli, Salmonella and Lactobacillus in the ileum and cecum of the birds fed multiple probiotics were not significantly different from those of no probiotic groups. There were no significant differences in the $CO_2$ gas emissions of fecal between birds fed with Ds or among birds fed with DW. However, $NH_3$ gas emissions of DW $0.1\%$ were significantly lower (P<0.05) than DW $0\%$. In the results of this study, supplementation of probiotics tended to decrease the serum cholesterol and triglyceride compared to those of control groups and reduction of fecal $NH_3$ gas emission.
Keywords
probiotics; cholesterol; intestinal microflora; fecal gas emission; broiler chicks;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Patterson JA, Burkholder 2003 Application of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Poultry Production. Poultry Sci 82:627-631
2 Fuller R 1989 Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriology 66: 465-478
3 Jin LZ, Ho YW, Abdullah N, Ali AM, Jalaludin S 1996b Antagonistic effects of intestinal Lactobacillus isolates on pathogens of chicken. Lett Appl Microbiol 23:67-71
4 Jin LZ, Ho YW, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S 2000 Digestive and bacterial enzyme activities in broilers fed diets supplemented with Lactobacillus cultures. Poultry Sci 79:886-891
5 Mott GE, Moore RW, Redmond HE, Reiser R 1973 Lowering of serum cholesterol by intestinal bacteria in cholesterol-fed piglets. Lipids 8:428-431
6 Gilliand SE 1987 Influence of bile tolerance in lactobacilli used as dietary adjunct. In Biotechnology in the Feed Industry ed. Lyons, T. P. pp 149-155. Kentucky, USA: Alltech Feed Co
7 Grunewald KK 1982 Serum cholesterol levels in rats fed skim milk fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Food Sci 47:2027-2029
8 Santoso U, Tanaka K, Ohtani S, 1995 Effect of dried Bacillus subtilis culture on growth, body composition and hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity in female broiler chicks. Br J Nutr 1995 Oct 74:523-529
9 Kalavathy R, Abdullah, Jalaludin S, Ho YW 2003 Effects of Lactobacillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. British Poultry Sci 44:139-144
10 Jin LZ, Ho YW, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S 1998 Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures. Poultry Sci 77:1259-1265
11 Balevi T, Ucan US, Coskun B, Kurtoglu V, Cetingul IS 2001 Effect of dietary probiotic on performance and humoral immune response in layer hens. British Poultry Sci 42:456-461
12 Jin LZ, Ho YW, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S 1996a Influence of dried Bacillus subtillis and lactobacilli cultures on intestinal microflora and performance in broilers. Asian-Australian J Anim Sci 9:397-403
13 Schneitz C, Kiiskinen T, Toivonen V, Nasi M 1998 Effect of BroilactⓇ on the physicochemical conditions and nutrient digestibility in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Poultry Sci 77:426-432
14 Panda AK, Reddy MR, Rama Rao SV, Praharai NK 2003 Production performance, serum/york cholesterol and immune competence of white leghorn layers as influenced by dietary supplementation with probiotic. 35:85-94
15 Allen RMD 1991 Ingredient analysis table. Feedstuffs 63:29
16 Buck LM, Gilliland SE 1994 Comparisons of freshly isolated strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus of human intestinal origin for ability to assimilate cholesterol during growth. J Dairy Sci 77:2925-2933
17 Rolfe RD 2000 The role of probiotic cultures in the control of gastrointestinal health. J Nutr 130:396-402
18 박재홍 류명선 김종설 김상호 이동호 리홍룡 류경선 2003 혼합생균제 급여가 육계의 생산성, 장내 미생물 및 계분 유해가스 발생에 미치는 영향. 한국가금학회지 30(3): 203-209
19 Steel RGD, Torrie JH 1980 Principles and Procedure of Statistics. McGraw Hill, New York
20 Klaver FAM, van der Meer R 1993 The assumed assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bifidum is due to their bile salt-deconjugation activity. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:1120
21 Mohan B, Kadirvel R, Natnrajan A, Bhaskaran M 1996 Effect of probiotics supplementation on growth, nitrogen utilization and serum cholesterol in broilers. British Poultry Sci 37:395-401
22 Adler HE, DaMassa AJ 1980 Effect of ingested Lactobacilli on Salmonella infantis and Escherichia coli and on intestinal flora, pasted vents and chick growth. Avian Dis 24:868-78
23 Gibson GR, Fuller R 2000 Aspects of in vitro and in vivo research approaches directed toward identifying probiotics and prebiotics for human use. J Nutr 130:391-395
24 Stern NJ, Cox NA, Bailey JS, Berrang ME, Musgrove MT 2001 Comparison of mucosal competitive exclusion and competitive exclusion treatment to reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci 80:156-160
25 Abdulrahim SM, Haddadin MSY, Hashlamoun EAR, Robinson RK 1996 The influence of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacitracin on layer performance of chickens and cholesterol content of plasma and egg yolk. Br Poult Sci 37: 341-346
26 Yeo JM, Kim KI 1997 Effect of feeding diets containing an antibiotic, a probiotic, or Yucca extract on growth and intestinal urease activity in broiler chicks. Poultry Sci 76:381-385   DOI   PUBMED
27 백인기 1989 생균제(Probiotics)의 사용 효과. 한국영양사료학회지 13(3):175-183
28 Stavric S, Gleeson TT, Buchanan B, Blanchfield B 1992 Experience of the use of probiotics for Salmonella control in poultry. Letters in Applied Microbiology 14:69-71
29 Chateau N, Castellanos I, Deschamps AM 1993 Distribution of pathogen inhibition in the Lactobacillus isolates of a commercial probiotic consortium. J Appl Bacteriol 74: 36-40
30 Friedewald WT, Levy RL, Fredrickson DS 1972 Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18:1163
31 Maiolino R, Fioretti A, Menna LF, Meo C 1992 Research on the efficiency of probiotics in diets for broiler chickens. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews Series B. 62:482
32 SAS Institute 1996 SAS/STAT Guide Version 6.12 SAS, Institute Inc., Cary, NC
33 Watkins BA, Miller BF, Neil DH 1982 In vivo ettects of Lactobacillus acidophilus against pathogenic Escherichia coli in gnotobiotic chicks. Poultry Sci 61:1298-1308