Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2005.10.3.267

Anthraquinones with Immunostimulating Activity from Cassia tora L.  

Chung, Ha-Sook (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Duksung Women's University)
Publication Information
Preventive Nutrition and Food Science / v.10, no.3, 2005 , pp. 267-271 More about this Journal
Abstract
Many of plants had been reported having immunostimulating activity. This study reports the immunostimulating activity of Cassia tora L. (Leguminosae) seed, by means of solvent extraction method. Ethanol extract and solvent fractions, n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol and aqueous layer of Cassia tora L. seed were tested for immunostimulating activity in vitro. The ethylacetate-soluble fraction caused significant inhibition on the production of nitric oxide by murine macrophages (RAW 264.7), and mouse splenocytes were also stimulated at the concentration of 10 pgfmL. Three anthraquinones, chrysophanol (1), isochrysophanol (2) and aloe-emodin (3) with immunostimulating activity were isolated from the ethylacetate-soluble fraction of Cassia tora L. seed through activity-monitored fractionation and isolation method. These results permit Cassia tora L. to be useful as one the of natural immunostimulating crops.
Keywords
Cassia tora L.; Leguminosae; anthraquinone; nitric oxide; macrophage, splenocyte; phytochemicals; in vitro;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Stuehr DJ, Cho HJ, Kwon NS, Weise MF, Nathan CF. 1991. Purification and characterization of the cytokine-induced macrophage nitric oxide synthase: an FAD-and FMN-containing flavoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 7773-7777
2 Shahidi F, Ho CT. 2003. Food Factors in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. Shahidi F, HO CT, Watanabe S, Osawa T, eds. American Chemical Society, Oxford University Press, Washington DC. p 5
3 Moncada S, Palmer RM, Higgs EA. 1991. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 43: 109-142
4 Woo WS, Shin KH, Chung HS, Lee JM, Shim CS. 1994. Isolation of an unusual Aloenin-acetal from Aloe. Kor J Pharmacogn 25: 307-310
5 Dewick PM. 1998. Medicinal Natural Products. A Biosynthetic Approach. John Wiley and Sons, New York
6 Yoshizawa Y, Tsunehiro J, Nomura K, Itoh M, Fukui F, Ametani A, Kaminogawa S. 1996. In vivo macrophage-stimulation activity of the enzyme-degraded water-soluble polysaccharide fraction from a marine alga (Gracilaria verrucosa). Biosci Biotech Biochem 60: 1667-1671   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Kwon KH, Kim KI, Jun WJ, Shin D, Cho HY, Hong BS. 2002. In vitro and in vivo effects of macrophage-stimulatory polysaccharide from leaves of Perilla frutescens var. crispa. Biol Pharm Bull 25: 367-371   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Hatano T, Uebayashi H, Ito H, Shiota S, Tsuchiya T, Yoshida T. 1999. Phenolic constituents of Cassia seeds and antibacterial effect of some naphthalenes and anthraquinones on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Chem Pharm Bull 47: 1121-1127   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Na GM, Han HS, Ye SH, Kim HK. 2004. Extraction characteristics and Antioxidative activity of Cassia tora L. extracts. Kor J Food Culture 19: 499-505
10 Park KH, Kim SJ, Hyun K. 1989. Brassinosteroid substances in immature Cassia tora seeds. Anal Sci Technol 2: 99-104
11 Choi JS, Lee HJ, Park KY, Ha JO, Kang SS. 1997. In vitro antimutagenic effects of anthraquinone aglycones and naphthopyrone glycosides from Cassia tara. Planta Med 63: 11-14   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Moriyama H, Iizuka T, Nagai M, Miyataka H, Satoh T. 2003. Antiinflammatory activity of heat-treated Cassia alata leaf extract and flavonoid glycoside. Yakugaku Zasshi 123 : 607-611   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Hyun JW, Cheon GJ, Kim HS, Lee YS, Choie Y, Yoon BH, Kim JS, Chung MH. 2002. Radiation sensitivity depends on OGG1 activity status in human leukemia cell lines. Free Rad Biol Med 32: 212-220   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Kim YM, Lee CH, Kim HG, Lee HS. 2004. Anthraquinones isolated from Cassia tara (Leguminosae) seed show an antifungal property against phytopathogenic fungi. J Agric Food Chem 52: 6096-6100   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Shin KH, Woo WS, Lim SS, Shim CS, Chung HS, Kennelly EJ, Kinghorn AD. 1997. Elgonica-Dimers A and B, two potent alcohol metabolism inhibitory constituents of Aloe arborescens. J Nat Prod 60: 1180-1182   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Kuo YC, Meng HC, Tsai WJ. 2001. Regulation of cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokine production and calcium mobilization in primary human T lymphocytes by emodin from Polygonum hypoleucum Ohwi. Inflamm Res 50: 73-82   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Lim SJ, Han HK. 1997. Hypoglycemic effect of fractions of Cassia tora extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Kor J Soc Food Sci 13: 23-29