Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2004.46.4.563

Relationships of the Lithium-Induced Growth Inhibition of C6 Rat Glioma Cell to Expression of the Insulin-like Growth Factor System Components  

Kim, I.A. (Regional Animal Industry Research Center, Jinju National University, Department of Animal Resources Technology)
Jin, E.J. (Regional Animal Industry Research Center, Jinju National University, Department of Animal Resources Technology)
Cho, E.J. (Regional Animal Industry Research Center, Jinju National University, Department of Animal Resources Technology)
Sohn, S.H. (Regional Animal Industry Research Center, Jinju National University, Department of Animal Resources Technology)
Lee, C.Y. (Regional Animal Industry Research Center, Jinju National University, Department of Animal Resources Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Animal Science and Technology / v.46, no.4, 2004 , pp. 563-570 More about this Journal
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor(IGF) system, consisting of IGFs-I and -II ligands and their receptors and six IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs), plays an important role in survival, proliferation and differentiation of a variety of cell types. Lithium is a known modulator of survival and proliferation of many cell types in vitro. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between LiCI-induced changes in cell survival and growth and the expression of the IGF system components in C6 rat glioma cell line which, besides IGF-I and its receptor, is known to express IGFBP-3 as its major IGF carrier. When C6 cells were cultured for 24h in the absence or presence of 2mM or 5mM LiCl in a 10% serwn-containing medium, the viability and the number of cells were not affected by added lithium. In 72-h culture, however, C6 cells clearly exhibited a dose-dependent response to added LiCl. The cells cultured for 72h in the presence of 0, 2mM and 5mM LiCl exhibited a typical mitotic, a growth-arrested and an apoptotic appearances, respectively. Moreover, the apoptotic cells were accompanied by reduced expression of IGF-I, IGF-I receptor and IGFBP-3 as examined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Interestingly, blockade of IGFBP-3 mRNA translation by addition of 101${\mu}M$ IGFBP-3 anti-sense oligodeoxyribonucleotide in serum-free, 24-h culture resulted in a decrease in the number of cells as well as relative abundance of the target mRNA. In summary, results suggest that the cytotoxic effect of lithium in C6 cell is likely to be mediated, in part, by suppression by this agent of the expression of the IGF system components. In this regard, IGFBP-3 may play at least a 'permissive' role in normal proliferation of this cell.
Keywords
Lithium; IGF; IGFBP; Growth; C6 cell;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Angelloz-Nicoud, P., Lalou, C. and Binoux, M. 1998. Prostate carcinoma(PC-3) cell proliferation is stimulated by the 22-25-kDa proteolytic fragment (1-160) and inhibited by the 16-kDa fragment(1-95) of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Growth Horm. IGF Res. 8:71-75.
2 Baxter, R. C. 2000. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins: interactions with IGFs and intrinsic bioactivities. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 278:E967-976.
3 Becker, R. W. and Tyobeka, E. M. 1990. Lithium enhances the proliferation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Leuk. Res. 14:879-884.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Bradshaw, S. L., D'ercole, A. J. and Han, V. K. M. 1999. Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 in C6 glioma cells results in conditioned alteration of cellular growth. Endorinology 140:575-584.
5 Bschor, T., Lewitzka, U., Sasse, J., Adli, M., Koberle, U. and Bauer, M. 2003. Lithium augmentation in treatment-resistant depression: clinical evidence, serotonergic and endocrine mechanism. Pharmacopsychiatry 36(Suppl.) 3:S230-234.
6 Buckbinder, L., Talbott, R., Velasco-Miguel, S., Takenaka, I., Faha, B., Seizinger, B. R. and Kley, N. 1995. Induction of the growth inhibitor IGFbinding protein 3 by p53. Nature 377:646-649.
7 De Mellow, J. S. and Baxter, R C. 1988. Growth honnone-dependent insulin-like growth factor(lGF) binding protein both inhibits and potentiates IGFI-stimulated DNA synthesis in human skin fibroblasts. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 156:199-204.
8 D'Mello, S. R, Anelli, R and Calissano, P. 1994. Lithium induces apoptosis in immature cerebellar granule cells but promotes survival of mature neurons. Exp. Cell Res. 211:332-338.
9 Foster, J. R. 1992. Use of lithium in elderly psychiatric patients: a review of the literature. Lithium 3:77-93.
10 Gaberscek, S., Kalisnik, M, Pezdirc, M, Pavlin, K. and Hojker, S. 2002. Influence of lithium on growth and viability of thyroid follicular cells. Folia Biol.(Praha) 48:200-204.
11 Hannon, K., Smith II C. K., Bales, K. R and Santerre, R F. 1992. Temporal and quantitative analysis of myogenic regulatory and growth factor gene expression in the developing mouse embryo. Dev. BioI. 151:137-144.
12 Hansen, H. O. and Knudsen, J. 1991. Lactating goat mammary gland cells in culture. Compo Biochem. Physiol. 99A:129-135.
13 Hasgekar, N. N., Gokhale, P. P., Amin, M. K., Seshadri, R and Lalitha, V. S. 1996. Lithium inhibits growth in a murine neural precursor cell line. Cell BioI. Int 20:781-786.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Albiston, A. L. and Herington, A. C. 1990. Cloning and characterization of the growth hormonedependent insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-3) in the rat. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 166:892-897.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Angelloz-Nicoud, P., Harel, L. and Binoux, M. 1996. Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 stimulates prostate carcinoma cell proliferation via an IGF-dependent mechanism. Role of serine proteases. Growth Regul. 6:130-136.
16 Rechler, M. M. and Clemmons, D. R 1998. Regulatory actions of insulin-like growth factorbinding proteins. Tren. Endocrinol. Metab. 9:176-183.
17 Lee C. Y.., Kwak, I., Chung, C. S., Choi, W. S., Simmen, R. C. M. and Simmen, F. A. 2001. Molecular cloning of the porcine acid-labile subunit (ALS) of the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein complex and detection of ALS gene expression in hepatic and non-hepatic tissues. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 26:135-144.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Oh, Y., Muller, H. L., Ng. L. and Rosenfeld, R. G. 1995. Transforming growth factor-beta-induced cell growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells is mediated through insulin-like growth factor- binding protein-3 action. J. BioI. Chem. 270:13589-13592.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Rajah, R, Valentinis, R and Cohen, P. 1997. Insulinlike growth factor(IGF)-binding protein-3 induces apoptosis and mediates the effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on programmed cell death through a p53-and IGF-independent mechanism. J. BioI. Chem. 272:12181-12188.
20 Chacko, M. S. and Adamo, M. L. 2000. Doublestranded ribonucleic acid decreases C6 rat glioma cell numbers: effects on insulin-like growth factor I gene expression and action. Endocrinology 141:3546-3555.
21 Chernausek, S. D., Murray, M A. and Cheung, P. T. 1993. Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4(IGFBP-4) by rat neural cellscomparison to other IGFBPs. Regul. Pept. 48:123-132   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Clemmons, D. R. 1992. IGF binding proteins: regulation of cellular actions. Growth Regul. 2:80-87.
23 Cohen, P., Rl\iah, R, Rosenbloom, J. and Herrick, D. J. 2000. IGFBP-3 mediates TGF-betal-induced cell growth in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 278:L545-551.
24 Crooke, S. T. 2004. Progress in antisense techonology. Annu. Rev. Med. 55:61-95.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Wada, J., Liu, Z. Z., Alvares, K., Kumar, A., Wallner, E., Makino, H. and Kanwar, Y. S. 1993. Cloning of cDNA for the a subunit of mouse insulin-like growth factor I receptor and the role of the receptor in met-anephric development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:10360-10364.   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Tso, J. Y., Sun, X. H., Kao, T. H., Reece, K. S. and Wu, R 1985. Isolation and characterization of rat and human glyeraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrognase cDNAs: genomic complexity and molecular evolution of the gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:2485-2502.
27 Tyobeka, E. M. and Becker, R. W. 1990. Growth and morphological changes induced by lithium chloride treatment of HL-60 Cell. BioI. Int. Rep. 14:667-679.   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Van Golen, C. M. and Feldman, E. L. 2000. Insulin-like growth factor is the key growth factor in serum that protects neuroblastoma cells from hyperosmotic-induced apoptosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 182:24-32.   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Hwa, V., Oh, Y. and Rosenfeld, R G. 1999. The insulin-like growth factor-binding protein(lGFBP) superfamily. Emmer. Rev. 20:761-787
30 Jones, J. I. and Clenunons, D. R 1995. Insulinlike growth factors and their binding proteins: biological actions. Endocr. Rev. 16:3-34.
31 Kansra, S., Ewton, D. Z., Wang, J. and Friedman, E. 2000. IGFBP-3 mediates TGF beta 1 proliferative response in colon cancer cells. Int. J. Cancer 87:373-378.
32 Kim, H. S., Ingermann, A. R, Tsubaki, J., Twigg, S. M., Walker, G. E. and Oh, Y. 2004. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 induces caspasedependent apoptosis through a death receptormediated pathway in MSF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 64:2229-2237.
33 Madiehe, A. M., Mampura, L. J. and Tyobeka, E. M. 1995. Induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells by lithium. Biochem. Biochys. Res. Commun. 209:768-774.   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Nissley, S. P. and Rechler, M. M. 1984. Insulinlike growth factors: biosynthesis, receptors, and carrier proteins. In Hormonal Proteins and Peptides, C. H. Li (Ed.), Academic Press, New York, USA., vol, 12:127-203.
35 Resnicoff, M., Sell, C., Rubini, M., Coppoloa, D., Ambrose, D., Baserga, R and Rubin, R. 1994. Rat glioma cells expressing an antisense RNA to the insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) receptor are nontumorigenic and induce regression of wild-type tumors. Cancer Res. 54:2218-2222.
36 SAS. 1996. User's Guide: Statistics. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
37 Saito, T., Akutsu, S., Urushiyama, T., Ishibash, K., Nakagawa, Y., Shuler, C. F. and Yamane, A. 2003. Changes in the mRNA expressions of insulin-like growth factors, their receptors, and binding proteins during the postnatal development of rat masseter muscle. Zool. Sci. 20:441-447.
38 Salzman, C. 2003. New uses for lithium and anticonvulsants. Harv, Rev. Psychiary 11:230-244.
39 Schuller, A. G. P., Groffen, C; van Neck, J. W., ZwarthotT, E. C. and Drop, S. L. S. 1994. cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of the six mouse insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 104:57-66.
40 Trojan, J., Blossey, B. K., Johnson, T. R, Rudin, S. D., Tykocinski, M, Ilan, J. and Ilan, J. 1992. Loss of tumorigenicity of rat glioblastoma directed by episome-based antisense cDNA transcription of insulin-like growth factor I. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:4874-4878.
41 Wang, L., Ma, X, Yeh, L-C. C. and Adamo, M. L. 2001. Differential regulation of IGF-binding protein gene expression by cAMP in rat C6 glioma cells. Endocrinology 142:3917-3925.   DOI   ScienceOn
42 Yang, Y. Y. W., Brown, A. L., Orlowski, C. C., Grahmam, D. E., Tseng, L. Y., Romanus, J. A. and Rechler, M. M. 1990. Identification of rat cell lines that preferentially express insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-1, 2, or 3. Mol. Endocrinol. 4:29-38.   DOI   ScienceOn
43 이철영. 1996. Insulin-like growth factor system의 생식기능에서의 역할: 자궁편. 대한불임학회지 23:247-268.
44 이철영. 2000. Insulin-like growth factor system과 성장, 대사 및 영양과의 관계. 동물자원지 42:795-816.