Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회논문집)
Architectural Institute of Korea (AIK)
- Monthly
- /
- 2733-6239(pISSN)
- /
- 2733-6247(eISSN)
- 선행 저널 1 : 대한건축학회논문집:구조계 (Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction) (1998 ~ 2020)
- 선행 저널 2 : 대한건축학회논문집:계획계 (Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design) (1998 ~ 2020)
Volume 40 Issue 4
-
Aligned with the Act on Convenience Enhancement Guarantee for the Disabled, Elderly, Pregnant Women, etc., a process confirms criteria compliance, checking for available convenience facilities. This study analyzes school facilities to implement supportive laws for the disabled. A survey, targeting over 100 architectural design firms that include architects, examined the suitability of convenience facility standards. Results revealed a persistently low awareness among designers even 25 years after the Act's enactment. The legal authority in Seoul reviews design documents submitted for modifying convenience facilities in educational buildings. They assess designs for the installation of these facilities based on relevant laws and regulations. This study aims to assist designers in recognizing and understanding convenience facilities by offering examples of document preparation, ultimately encouraging them to apply these improved guidelines in their building planning and design processes.
-
This study was conducted with the purpose of positioning architectural aesthetic sensibility on a coordinate system for the level of architectural aesthetic and monetary value. Data were collected from 800 local citizens targeting public buildings in five metropolitan cities across the country. Through an interactive survey, we collected architectural aesthetic scores, emotional words, and payment amount data using the contingent valuation method. Using R Studio, a big data analysis tool, word cloud analysis and weighted log odds analysis were used to create an emotional vocabulary positioning map based on the level of architectural aesthetic and monetary value. The main results of the study are as follows; First, in word cloud analysis, the architectural aesthetic sensibility is clearly differentiated between architectural aesthetic scores of less than 70 points and over 70 points, whereas in the case of monetary value, sensibility is mixed. Second, as a result of the cluster positioning, positive emotions include those that simply have high architectural aesthetic scores, while there are other emotions that increase both architectural aesthetic scores and monetary value. Third, through word cloud analysis and weighted log-odds analysis, the architectural aesthetic sensibility was finally positioned according to the level of architectural aesthetic and monetary value (Figure 8). Fourth, the emotions that improve both the level of architectural aesthetic and monetary value are 'emotive', 'soft', and 'flamboyant', and these emotions can be design strategies for place marketing and emotional marketing. Fifth, if emotions such as 'ecofriendly' and 'emotive' are highlighted, monetary value equivalent to about 30~40% of the total project cost can be generated. Sixth, sensibilities that undermine both the level of architectural aesthetic and monetary value are 'wasteful' and 'anharmonic,' and these sensibilities can cause financial losses equivalent to approximately 18~27% of the total project cost. The architectural aesthetic emotional positioning map explored in this study can be used as a design strategy, including place marketing and emotional marketing, and is also significant in that it expands the scope of approach and research on architectural aesthetic at a practical level.
-
In modern society, rapid environmental changes are occurring due to the complex interaction of various factors. Starting in 2020, the social environment is changing rapidly due to the impact of the pandemic, and the social and economic living environment is changing significantly not only in Korea but also internationally. In this trend, behavioral and spatial changes are occurring in response to changes in the architectural living environment. To analyze changes in behavior and space from an architectural perspective in response to changes in the social environment, first organize the concept and aspects of the pandemic that caused the change, examine the theory of the pandemic, and examine architectural responses to changes in the social environment. There is a need to analyze. Therefore, in order to architecturally review changes in the social environment due to the pandemic, the purpose of this study is to analyze the living behavior and space of major apartment complexes in the living environment and present new spatial alternatives in response.
-
The demand for Knowledge Industry Centers, supported by various incentives such as tax benefits, is rising. However, the haphazard establishment of these centers has led to increased vacancies, hampering architectural and regional revitalization efforts. As a solution, many are adopting co-working spaces to differentiate community facilities within Knowledge Industry Centers. This study aims to integrate the characteristics of co-working spaces into community facilities within Knowledge Industry Centers and propose spatial planning directions. By highlighting area-specific traits, this study sheds light on recent trends and offers insights into effective community space design to revitalize both the center and its surroundings. Analyzing residential mixed-use Knowledge Industry Centers completed after 2020, the study found that community facilities tend to be horizontally uniform and vertically dispersed. This distribution is believed to have evolved as buildings gradually increased in size and became high-rise structures. However, placement types seemed to have had little impact on element evaluation. While convenience is paramount in most areas, openness outweighed convenience in refresh zones. Flexibility, except in interactive zones, was generally rated lower. This study suggests prioritizing user convenience in spatial planning to enhance foot traffic and foster emotionally stable communities. Additionally, it advocates for expanding the scope of planning to consider space flexibility, which not only enhances utilization but also ensures long-term facility sustainability through repurposing options when its value diminishes. Thus, community facilities should embrace adaptable forms.
-
This study aims to establish criteria for setting up operating rooms (ORs) for patients with severe respiratory infections. It reviews international and domestic research and guidelines to provide relevant cases and data for future facility guideline research. Initially, it reviews general OR facility guidelines and requirements. Then, it summarizes cases from research and guidelines published from the SARS outbreak to the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, it analyzes the applicability of these cases to existing domestic OR layouts. This study suggests two major cases: a positive pressured OR with a negative pressured anteroom as the preferred method in international studies and a negative pressured OR in domestic settings. In domestic OR setups, the latter could be adaptable without losing or shutting down extra ORs, while the former requires additional support rooms usable as an anteroom in new hospitals. However, the suitability of these cases may vary based on the level of procedure infection risk, necessitating further study to develop verified OR facilities and guidelines that balance isolation settings with infection risk levels.
-
Compared to large-scale housing projects underway in Korea, small-scale housing maintenance projects can utilize urban locations or local communities and their unique characteristics, cater to individual lifestyles by utilizing various spaces, diversify and provide convenience to residents, and improve various residential planning initiatives such as enhancing urban living conditions and revitalizing local communities. The contents of this study were first applied to domestic and foreign local government planning guidelines to derive problems and implications. Second, the relevant systems in the UK were analyzed, and architectural planning items were derived by referring to the design guidelines. Thirdly, an expert survey was conducted to analyze the importance of planning factors for regional characteristics, diversity, community, functionality, eco-friendliness, sustainability, and economy in order to suggest the basic direction of small home maintenance projects. Fourth, it was analyzed in terms of priority and both quantitative and qualitative aspects of importance. As a result of the study, the intention is to propose a design guideline system and plan that can be reflected in small residential complex plans to enhance qualitative diversity.
-
Artistic gymnastics is a sport in which professional and safe training spaces are required. However, Artistic gymnastics training spaces at elementary schools in Korea are reusing multipurpose auditoriums. In addition, architectural planning guidelines are only dealing with the indoor sports facilities. The purpose of this study is to study the architectural plan of an artistic gymnastics training space in an elementary school. This study propose basic architectural plan guidelines for an artistic gymnastics training space. Chapter 2 summarizes the architectural plan characteristics of indoor sports facilities. And, in order to understand the characteristics of artistic gymnastics, the area required for each artistic gymnastics event was organized. We also researched the current status of domestic artistic gymnastics training facilities. In Chapter 3, the case of artistic gymnastics training spaces was researched. As a case study, the Seoul Gangdeok Elementary School Artistic Gymnastics Training Space was selected among the five elementary schools in Seoul that have an artistic gymnastics training space. Also, Two overseas training facilities of similar size to the domestic case were selected. Through this case study, problems such as differences with indoor sports facility space planning guidelines and the characteristics of artistic gymnastics were analyzed. In Chapter 4, guidelines for architectural plan for artistic gymnastics training centers considering the special characteristics of artistic gymnastics were proposed. The guidelines were proposed focusing on the most frequently utilized training room. It was proposed to design a three-dimensional space plan by subdividing it into three parts: floor plan, sectional plan and interior plan.
-
Shen, Ruoqi;Yeo, Myung Eun;Lee, Sang Won;Kim, Jin Young;Zo, Hangman 77
This study examines the facility attributes and spatial distribution of four specialized infectious disease response medical facilities in Korea and China. Highlighting the importance of understanding their spatial accessibility and unique characteristics for effective infectious disease management, the study unfolds across four main chapters. Chapter 1 establishes the research framework, outlining the study's context, scope, objectives, and significance. Chapter 2 delves into an extensive exploration of infectious diseases, critically reviewing existing literature and defining essential components for specialized infectious disease response facilities. Chapter 3 meticulously examines selected response facilities in Korea and China, evaluating factors such as bed capacity, area, and layout to analyze operational challenges. Chapter 4 extends the analysis by conducting a comparative study, emphasizing differences in spatial distribution, location, bed capacity, program configuration, and floor plan design. This study provides valuable insights to enhance healthcare readiness during infectious disease outbreaks in Korea and China. Its findings inform resource optimization, improve response mechanisms, and suggest informed policy directives. Furthermore, this research serves as a valuable reference for global public health strategies within similar healthcare landscapes. -
This study aims to assess the viewing environment at the National Museum of Korea for individuals who are completely blind, using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method to identify areas requiring improvement. It also compares similarities and differences with non-disabled individuals. The analysis revealed specific areas for improvement, concentrated in the fourth quadrant. For blind individuals, these include the parking lot, corridors/stairs, elevator/escalator, signage, overall usage information, emergency guidance, restaurant and drinking facilities, voice commentary, tactile model, resolution speed and accuracy, staff accessibility, and promotion and accessibility of museum events and experiences. In comparison, non-disabled individuals identified similar areas for improvement, such as the parking lot, signage, overall usage information, emergency guidance, noise levels, promotion of museum events and experiences, and participation possibilities. To enhance the viewing environment at the National Museum of Korea, particularly for blind visitors, improvements are needed in access and mobility facilities, signage, staff responsiveness, commentary methods, and program participation. Priority should be given to improving signage linked to movement and promoting participation in various programs, based on feedback from non-disabled visitors.
-
To address youth housing poverty, Seoul has established and implemented a support system for Youth Safe Housing. This initiative aims to encourage development in areas centered around public transportation and attract private investment by easing regulations and simplifying procedures. However, this approach has led to a trend where Youth Safe Housing development prioritizes business feasibility over community functionality. Previous studies on Youth Safe Housing have primarily focused on institutional and demand surveys, neglecting specific spatial planning. This study seeks to analyze the spatial layout of Youth Safe Housing by comparing it with enterprise-type rental housing, where youth communities thrive. A literature review identified issues and research trends related to community facilities in youth housing. Representative cases of Youth Safe Housing and enterprise-type rental housing were selected for analysis of their current situation and spatial planning. The spatial configuration of community facilities was analyzed for each case using the DepthmapX program based on Space Syntax theory, to generate VGA. Lastly, the characteristics of each facility's spatial layout were compared and analyzed to understand accessibility and social interaction. This study revealed issues such as insufficient community facilities and limited interaction opportunities due to the spatial configuration of Youth Safe Housing. These findings are expected to serve as foundational data for future planning of community facilities in Youth Safe Housing, aiming to promote interaction and community engagement.
-
The purpose of this study is to derive the architectural guidelines for the optimal layout of tenants according to their use types during the architectural planning phase of multi-use commercial building with a focus on optimizing evacuation efficiency. For the efficient simulations, various layout alternatives for different use types of the tenants were analyzed through simulation based on the modularized plan of the IFC Mall and the layout guidelines of tenants were derived as follows. First, prioritize the placement of tenants that occupy a significant area in the overall space. Second, it is permissible not to prioritize placing large tenants favorably for evacuation. Third, proximity to the vertical core of tenants is more crucial than the floor level of tenants, and it is advisable to be more responsive to the core location rather than changing floors. The derived guidelines were applied to the existing IFC mall floor plan, and the analysis was conducted to validate the effectiveness of the guidelines. This study holds significance not only for the architectural planning phase of multi-use commercial building but also for remodeling existing buildings. It emphasizes providing differentiated difficulty levels for evacuation based on each use types of tenants, enabling a more proactive response from an evacuation perspective.
-
Existing temporary housing facilities have a problem that it is difficult to produce in large quantities and move quickly to prepare for sudden disasters and disasters. In addition, one of the biggest problems is the lack of insulation performance according to interviews with victims who lived in existing temporary housing facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present the planning for temporary housing facilities with a dome structure considering assembly ability, mobility, and insulation properties. As a result of the study, the model proposed in this study is composed of a panel type and has an easy structure to assemble. The basic unit is configured by assembly and may be combined with units, so that space of various sizes may be utilized. It can be assembled and dismantled, so it can carry 6 sets at once compared to the existing container type, so it has excellent mobility. Also, the energy consumption finds to be 2,245 KWh/m2 lower, so the insulation property is excellent. The model proposed in this study can be used not only for emporary housing facilities but also for various spaces such as camping spaces and amusement spaces.
-
This study examines the Rustic Masonry wall in Le Corbusier's architecture, particularly before and after Purism (1905-1934). The Rustic Masonry wall isn't merely a passing trend or experiment but consistently appears and evolves in his architecture. Rustic Masonry wall can be found in the extreme mountain shelters of La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, where he grew up, and in the traditional dwellings he encountered on his trip to the East in 1916. Also the wall can be found in fences or partial walls in the 1920s, when Purism became prominent. Specifically, its significance grew notably in Villa De Mandrot (1929-1931). Starting with the house, the Rustic Masonry wall covers the entire façade and closely intervenes in the living space. In other words, the house is at the point where the Rustic Masonry wall is extended as an architectural element. Le Corbusier aimed for a connection between man and nature, emphasizing the vernacular, which is evident in his use of the Rustic Masonry wall. This study explores how the Rustic Masonry Wall is portrayed in his architecture and the implications of its vernacular nature.
-
Choi, Jin Woo;Park, Jong Jin;Kim, Eonyong;Jun, Han Jong 141
This study explores the feasibility of virtual exhibitions for culturally significant yet inaccessible sites like the Ganghwa Island's Outposts(Dondae), proposing a user experience(UX)-centered virtual reality(VR) environment. After reviewing various virtual exhibition methods through literature research, we selected methods (Reproduction Exhibition, Exhibition Hall Style, Museum Style, Desktop VR, 3D VR) that enhance the effectiveness of virtual exhibitions while offering educational experiences. Existing virtual exhibitions are hindered by diminished interactivity and emotional engagement, which lowers user immersion. To address these issues, we developed an approach that integrates various types of content (interactive, informative, and convenient) into the 3D model background and implements an intuitive interface to enhance UX. This integrated approach offers a multi-layered experience to users, and the intuitive interface enables personalized UX. In particular, by differentiating exhibition planning and interface implementation from a UX perspective, we improved the process of building virtual exhibitions for local relics and cultural assets, expanded the potential of virtual exhibitions, and provided solutions to functional deficiencies. This research emphasizes the importance of continuous improvement and interest in UX-centered approaches in representing and preserving cultural heritage through virtual exhibitions. -
The purpose of this study is to analyze tectonic concept and environmental respond in details of The Office of Mies van der Rohe's skyscraper cases, after 1950s. In the series of skyscrapers planned by the Office of Mies van der Rohe, the inherent logic of the structure is exposed in a general vocabulary of H-shaped steel mullions on the elevation, which are manifested in a variety of materials and details. In addition, the details of high-rise buildings have changed in response to environmental issues, such as the demand for interior environmental management and machinery and service technology in the United States since the 1950s. In particular, details such as the integration of columns and service piping and the planning of air conditioners integrated into the architecture are analyzed as examples of changing details in response to environmental concerns in design. The integration and development of these tectonic concepts and plans in response to the environment can be seen as a 'Zeitgeist' that responds to the needs of the times, and could be called 'Environmental Tectonics'.
-
This study delves into the historical records surrounding the construction of the ancestral Eocheopbongangak(御帖奉安閣) at Gounsa Temple in Uiseong during the Joseon Dynasty. The main aim is to gain a deeper understanding of the historical context and the developmental process by which Chukrijeon(祝釐殿) evolved into Yeonsujeon(延壽殿) following Emperor Gojong's accession to the Giroso. Furthermore, the study seeks to illuminate the various influences that contributed to this transformative journey. Gounsa Temple became a part of Hanyang's Giroso in 1737, leading to the construction of Eocheopbongangak and Gisobongangak(耆所奉安閣) during King Yeongjo's reign. Subsequently, Giroso oversaw the construction of Chukrijeon and designated the existing Geukrakjeon(極樂殿) as the Wondang(願堂). To commemorate Emperor Gojong's admission to the Giroso, Gounsa Temple devised a plan to rejuvenate the deteriorating Gisobongangak during the latter years of King Yeongjo's rule. In 1904, Chukrijeon was completed, and at the request of Gounsa Temple, it was renovated into Yeonsujeon. Initially serving as a hall for perpetual prayers for the royal family's eternal continuation, the renovated Yeonsujeon not only inherited Chukrijeon's characteristics but also integrated the role of the existing Gisobongangak.
-
This paper provides an overview of the work of Diller, Scofidio + Renfro, often abbreviated as ds+r. It aims to explore the intricate relationship between 'the politics of seeing' and 'the democratization of space', which are two fundamental concepts embodying the firm's design philosophy. The politics of seeing reflects its focus on activating architecture by assembling various elements such as materials, ideas, images, and experiential dimensions. This approach challenges existing criteria and promotes institutional critique. On the other hand, the democratization of space, as articulated by Elizabeth Diller, addresses the architect's role in the neoliberal context. The firm's projects, characterized by their public engagement, including parks, lobbies, and squares, demonstrate their ongoing commitments to making architecture accessible to the public. While these two agendas may seem interconnected, this paper argues that this is not always the case. Some recent projects, such as The MoMA Renovation and The Shed, aim to achieve both dimensions but tend to lean towards conservatism or practicality. As a result, the criticality that was prevalent in their earlier works before 2000 is sometimes compromised in ways that are not fully able to release their intricate capacities of mediating the neoliberal world.
-
This study aims to assess the current state of green remodeling in private buildings and propose enhancements to boost the renovation of detached houses, thus fostering energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. Between 2014 and 2022, a survey on green remodeling in private buildings revealed that single-family housing projects accounted for less than 1% of the total, highlighting the need to promote green remodeling in detached houses. To invigorate private building green remodeling initiatives, simplifications in project procedures have been suggested, such as raising the loan limit for business expenses and introducing a straightforward evaluation system. However, challenges persist, including high individual costs for building owners undertaking green remodeling, influenced by fluctuating bank interest rates, and the inconvenience of applying for projects individually. Moreover, while urban regeneration projects aimed to integrate green remodeling, it was found that existing standards for private building green remodeling were rigidly applied. The findings underscored the necessity of rejuvenating the green remodeling business for detached houses by tailoring projects for homes over 30 years old, increasing the cap on remodeling costs, expanding construction options to enhance building performance, and revising project criteria to shield applicants from fluctuations in bank interest rates. Additionally, it was proposed to shift towards projects led by local governments or public institutions rather than individuals, particularly in areas with a high concentration of aging residential buildings and low participation in green remodeling projects.
-
Kwak, Ro-Yeul;Kyung, Ji-Hoon;Kwon, Han-Sol;Kim, Hyun-Chang 195
Understanding the characteristics of building users is essential for effectively managing building facilities. This involves systematically assessing user satisfaction through specific satisfaction criteria and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) established within the Service Level Agreement (SLA)/KPI system. In this study, the impact of service quality dimensions on user satisfaction regarding help desk services was examined using a structural equation model. Additionally, the effectiveness of measures to enhance SERVQUAL dimensions was assessed based on KPI results. The analysis, conducted on five office buildings, revealed that reliability and tangibility influence satisfaction in the expectation model, while empathy and tangibility impact satisfaction in the performance model. Moreover, reliability, empathy, and responsiveness emerged as significant factors influencing satisfaction in the overall service quality model. Through the results of this study, the satisfaction of building users can be continuously improved by using KPI items derived from user claim data generated from buildings, and maintenance organizations can respond with systematic strategies. -
In earthquake-prone areas, the risk of flooding has increased due to rapid climate change. Therefore, buildings in these areas need to mitigate not only earthquake risks but also flood risks. One solution is to use floatable buildings. This study presents a basic examination of the seismic performance of these floatable buildings by proposing an analytical model and comparing it with experimental results. In the experiments, models were placed in a water basin and subjected to impact and earthquake loads using a one-directional shaking table. Comparing the experimental results with the analysis, it was found that the friction-displacement model and the Housner model could effectively analyze floatable models. The analytical results showed good correspondence with the experimental results in determining the maximum building acceleration response.
-
Yun, Hyun-Do;Seo, Soo-Yeon;Moon, Jeong-Ho;Oh, Young-Hun;Kim, Sun-Woo 213
Off-site construction (OSC), particularly the precast concrete (PC) construction, has been recognized as a promising construction method to resolve the productivity reduction in the construction industry due to increased material costs, reduced and aging workforce. The connections between PC elements are potentially weak locations that control the distribution of the internal forces and the rigidity of the PC buildings. The objective of the study was to investigate the shear strength characteristics of shear keyed joint concrete in the vertical connections between PC wall panels based on the experimental data of 79 specimens without loop reinforcements collected from the literature. The research results demonstrated that lower bounds for the shear strength of joint concrete in vertical connections for PC walls with shear keys and without loop reinforcement can be considered as${\sqrt[0.08]{f_{cu}}}MPa$ . The shear strength of shear keyed joint concrete increases with increasing${\sqrt{f_{cu}}}$ and the area ratio of a shear key to joint. The shear strength of shear keyed joint concrete in the vertical connections for PC wall system has not adequately addressed by design equation in AASHTO because there is significant scatter on the predictions. However, experimental data indicated that the shear strength equations for PC wall vertical joints in current Korean codes suggested by Architectural Institute of Korea (AIK) are conservative. It is also shown that the shear strength equation of interface without reinforcement in MC2010 is conservative for the shear strength prediction of PC wall vertical joint with shear keys and without loop bars. -
Baek, Jae-Chul;Kim, Ga-Hyeon;Jung, Min-Cheol;Jang, Hyoun-Seung 221
In contrast to practices in other countries, the domestic construction industry continues to delegate certain projects won by the primary contractor to subcontractors. To address concerns regarding overly complex business structures, a direct construction mandatory system was introduced. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive quantitative research on its actual effects on construction site management. Given that half of all industrial accidents occur in the construction sector, emphasizing effective management is paramount. Hence, this study investigates the impact of the direct construction mandatory system on construction site management through PLS-SEM analysis. Initially, via a review of prior studies and focus group interviews (FGI), factors contributing to poor management and anticipated positive/negative outcomes of system implementation were identified. Subsequently, a survey was administered to construction industry workers to evaluate the extent of influence of these factors, followed by PLS-SEM analysis based on the survey results. The findings reveal that the direct construction mandatory system enhances environmental and safety management but leads to increased initial investment and management costs. To optimize the system's effectiveness, strategies to alleviate additional cost burdens should be prioritized. Additionally, the system's impact on mitigating worker negligence was found to be minimal. To address this and reduce construction accidents, measures to enhance worker satisfaction, such as implementing a unified wage system across all construction projects, should be considered as primary interventions. -
Kim, Young-Ju;Kim, Gyu-Yong;Nam, Jeong-su;Lee, Jae-Hyun;Lee, Yae-Chan 233
This study analyzed 32 cases of major formwork collapsing accidents that occurred at domestic construction sites for 18 years from 2004 to 2021, which were investigated by public institutions such as the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) and Korea Authority of Land & Infrastructure Safety (KALIS) in the early stages of the accident, and classified the cases into seven formwork assembly types, such as the System support structure, Deck plate combination structure, and Pipe support combination structure. We analyzed the cause of collapse by formwork assembly types as classified using pictures, to establish six standard assembly criteria for each type of formwork assembly for preventing collapse accidents. Based on this, we developed an 'Easy Checklist', that can be easily applied on site, for use in the collapse accident prevention activities. -
In recent times, the construction guarantee market has experienced several transformations, including restructuring the construction production system and addressing the repayment of public funds by Seoul Guarantee Insurance. These changes are anticipated to shift the construction guarantee market structure from limited competition towards a more competitive environment. Consequently, there's an expected shift in the demand for guarantees from construction-related financial cooperatives. In response, these cooperatives must evaluate the provision of suitable guarantees. To address this, the study conducts an empirical analysis of the appropriate total guarantee limit for construction-related financial cooperatives, utilizing the Value at Risk model. This analysis suggested that the suitable total guarantee limit should range between two to four times higher than the current legally permitted multiples of 20 and 30 times for construction-related financial cooperatives. This underscores the necessity for a substantial increase in the total guarantee limit multiple for each cooperative. The significance of this study lies in being the first empirical analysis of the appropriate total guarantee limit for construction-related financial cooperatives. Additionally, it's noteworthy that the analysis employs the loss ratio scenario method, among the RBC internal model methods commonly used by private insurance companies.
-
To ensure the hiring of capable and stable young construction managers, this study aims to assess and analyze the job stress experienced by construction managers at construction sites based on their positions. Subsequently, it intends to propose a plan for alleviating job stress to enhance the work efficiency of construction managers in the future. This study revealed that construction managers across all positions experienced high levels of job stress. To effectively reduce this stress, it is essential to address the specific stressors identified for each position. Furthermore, implementing existing stress relief activities actively, tailoring programs to address factors contributing to job stress, and executing company-wide initiatives in a timely and efficient manner are crucial steps. While this study did not provide detailed activity programs and performance methods for alleviating job stress among construction managers, future research should focus on developing specific and effective plans for this purpose. Additionally, further studies should investigate measures to relieve job stress among technical personnel in design offices. Consequently, the researchers intend to address these study limitations through follow-up studies.