Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회논문집)
Architectural Institute of Korea (AIK)
- Monthly
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- 2733-6239(pISSN)
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- 2733-6247(eISSN)
- 선행 저널 1 : 대한건축학회논문집:구조계 (Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction) (1998 ~ 2020)
- 선행 저널 2 : 대한건축학회논문집:계획계 (Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design) (1998 ~ 2020)
Volume 40 Issue 1
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The number of visitors to the COEX Mall decreased after the 2013 remodeling, contrary to the prediction that the number would increase. Following the remodeling, visitors experienced inconvenience in using the mall and had difficulties determining their locations and surroundings. They faced challenges with spatial cognition and way-finding. This study aimed to compare the spatial structure of the mall before and after remodeling and identify factors influencing visitors' spatial cognition. In the methodology section, space syntax theory was employed to analyze axial map. The analysis focused on several key indices, including integration, intelligibility, and intensity. This comprehensive approach provided valuable insights into the spatial structure and its effects on navigation within the studied area. Through axial map analysis, various aspects of the COEX Mall, including total average integration, 10% integration core, intelligibility, and intensity, showed slight improvements after the remodeling. However, further examination of the relationship between the 10% integration core axis and the landmark revealed that the landmarks after the remodeling are not attached to the integration core making it hard to access from other locations, suggesting that the landmark was less effective in its role. This finding underscores the importance of carefully considering the placement and distribution of landmark when planning the remodeling of multi-purposed commercial spaces, as they can have a substantial impact on the overall spatial characteristics and navigability for visitors.
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This study aims to compare and analyze spiral spaces in contemporary architecture that Vidler treated very importantly in the form of spatial warping with a focus on his Warped Space and the Murinsel in whose architectural design the contemporary artist Vito Acconci participated, thus examining the direction of the 21st-century architecture that Vidler tried to propose through his Warped Space. The findings were summarized as follows: first, Intermediary art, which Vidler argued as another aspect of Warped Space, was a concept to commonly refer to works of art including movies and photographs that could explain or supplement the composition and interpretation of space warp in a metaphysical or physical manner; second, the space of space distortion presented in Vidler's's Warped Space must meet the conditions that the space of the central vanishing point that causes anxiety through gaze dispersion must be limited in addition to the rotating space that completes the three-dimensional perspective; third, analysis results based on the application of Vidler's Warped Space show that Murinsel has lines of movement or spaces that rotate to complete a three-dimensional viewpoint and the characteristics of space configuration to exclude a central vanishing point that causes anxiety; and finally, Osaka University of Arts of Department of Art Science by SANAA was a further advancement from Warped Space not only by fulfilling the conditions of Vidler's Warped Space, but also by showing space configuration to satisfy both spiral lines of movement and spaces unlike other contemporary buildings whose spiral spaces were clearly distinguished from spiral lines of movement.
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This study examines the application status and characteristics of Building Agreement Exceptions in housing improvement or renewal contracts. The cases can be classified into two types: Housing Improvement Type on Lots with Unfavorable Development Conditions (Type A) and Housing Improvement Type on General Lots (Type B), with Type B being 2.8 times more prevalent than Type A. Notably, the average number of exceptions is twice as high in Type B cases compared to Type A. For Type A, exceptions for the integrated application of building standards are most frequent, especially regarding annexed parking lot applications, accounting for about 70%. In contrast, Type B exhibits a high frequency of exceptions for exclusion from building standards and integrated application. All Type B cases use one or more exceptions for exclusion. In terms of exception types, both Types A and B effectively employ exceptions for the integrated application of an annexed parking lot and the exclusion of standards related to the separation distance from the boundary line in joint-wall buildings.
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This study aims to review previous research on factors affecting the housing price index and construct a prediction model for the index using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Transformer models. Specifically, it combines LSTM, specialized in processing time-series data, and DistilBERT, specialized in handling text data, to utilize both historical housing price index data and relevant news articles. The experimental results of the proposed model confirmed significant accuracy when comparing predicted values in each region (J, S, G) with the actual values. However, some clusters displayed relatively high errors, indicating a need for additional analysis and improvement. Additionally, it was observed that subjective elements could significantly impact the interpretation of clustering results, highlighting the necessity for further analysis. Result visualization and statistical analysis were conducted, confirming their accurate reflection of housing price fluctuation trends in each region. This study introduces a novel approach to predicting the housing price index using deep learning models like LSTM and DistilBERT, providing valuable insights into real estate market trend predictions. The approaches and findings from this research are anticipated to provide valuable starting points for further exploration of creative solutions and the development of effective problem-solving strategies.
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This study aims to enhance the HBIM Implementation process for the preservation and management of cultural heritage. It is based on case analyses of Yongmunsa Daejangjeon in Yecheon and Yeongsanjeon in Gongju, along with surveys targeting industry practitioners. The research identifies issues in the areas of communication during the collaborative phase, drawing inconsistencies in the modeling phase, challenges in absence modeling, data consistency, and IFC conversion problems. Solutions are proposed to address these issues, with the goal of increasing efficiency and accuracy in cultural heritage management. The findings are expected to contribute to the improvement of the HBIM Implementation process for more effective cultural heritage preservation and management.
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This study aims to identify the characteristics of Tactical Urbanism in South Korea by selecting 40 domestic cases and 118 international cases. Analytical indicators for Tactical Urbanism cases were derived from previous research. Subsequently, frequency and cross-analysis were conducted on both domestic and international cases to identify and compare their features. International instances of Tactical Urbanism are primarily instigated by private entities, aiming to revitalize local areas and enhance urban environments in unused spaces through temporary green spaces and events. In contrast, domestic cases involve both government and private entities, focusing on creating permanent or temporary green spaces and relaxation areas in unused spaces. A significant difference in the entities responsible for these projects and their sustainability exists between international and domestic Tactical Urbanism. Tactical Urbanism is generally perceived as an initiative by users to address urban issues without official permission. However, both international and domestic cases mostly obtained permits for their projects. Additionally, both international and domestic instances primarily concentrated on implementing projects in unused spaces, creating green areas, and relaxation spaces.
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Examining diachronic changes in the courtyard roof structures (CRS) of Ikseon-dong's hanoks, this study conducts an architectural analysis of the illicit installation of CRS structures that deviate from the original hanok design. The study also proposes future restoration directions. Leveraging data from a complete enumeration survey in Jongno-gu, 84 hanoks in Ikseon-dong, featuring CRS installations around 2004, were categorized. The architectural characteristics and changes in 26 buildings before 2004 and 58 buildings after 2004 were scrutinized through a literature review and field observation. Findings indicate that Ikseon-dong, a residential hanok village since the 1970s, has long featured yard-covering structures. These covert and unauthorized additions remained unnoticed on the surface. However, with the advent of commercial capital in 2014, Ikseon-dong Hanok CRS underwent significant transformations, displaying sizes and scales that overpower the original hanok. These structures lack congruence in construction methods and materials, posing challenges to aesthetics. The major issue lies in their unauthorized nature. Addressing this in the future necessitates the implementation of a merchant-architectural expert matching program tailored to Ikseon-dong's unique context, addressing the challenges posed by illegal CRS.
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Kim, Jin Young;Lee, Sang Won;Shen, Ruoqi;Yeo, Myung Eun;Kim, Sungwan;Shin, Sang Do;Yeo, Myoungsouk;Zo, Hangman 77
This study delved into the foundational aspects of planning an experimental simulator for respiratory infection control technology. Utilizing this information, a design plan was proposed to replicate the environment of a regional emergency medical center. The challenges presented by infectious diseases, especially in emergency rooms, have prompted the development and testing of various infection control medical technologies. However, legal constraints prevent the demonstration of these technologies in real medical settings. Hence, there's a demand for simulation spaces to conduct experiments like performance verification. The proposed simulator aims to replicate an emergency medical institution for respiratory infection control technology experiments, facilitating testing in the developmental stage before practical application. The design plan, based on a spatial analysis of Seoul National University Hospital's emergency medical center, was outlined. Requests from research teams were gathered, and conflicting requirements were reconciled to form an integrated design plan. Considering the absence of a specific design plan for medical technology experiments in academic contexts, it is anticipated that this comprehensive spatial planning for infectious disease response and related medical experiments will serve as a valuable reference in the future. -
This study analyzes traditional market research in the urban and architectural fields, examining the current status in Korea. The study reviews 80 traditional market papers from five academic institutes, categorizing and analyzing them based on research topics, subjects, methods, and purposes. Since 2014, research in these sectors has declined, necessitating renewed attention. Despite the recent decrease, steady growth is anticipated in the coming years. While past research focused on the elements and characteristics of urban space, there's an emerging shift toward exploring urban regeneration and revitalization through traditional markets. Recognition of both physical and non-physical aspects is increasing, highlighting the need for comprehensive research methods and perspectives. Notably, there's a growing emphasis on permanent markets, with a decline in research on regular markets, indicating the necessity for more research in this area. This study provides fundamental insights into the evolving landscape of traditional market research in urban and architectural contexts.
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Cemeteries have always been an important urban institution. However, our cities exhibit a dual attitude, on one hand strongly opposing cemeteries, and on the other supporting their establishment. In particular, Article 22, (4) 1. of the Enforcement Decree of the Act On Funeral Services, enacted in 1969, directly prohibited urban cemeteries. Following this, the establishment of urban cemeteries became possible only through approaches that circumvent this prohibition. Accordingly, our current urban cemeteries can be categorized into six types based on approaches that circumvent this provision. This study has analyzed these types based on the nature(direct, indirect) and characteristics(area, use, form, establisher & user) of the related laws. Firstly, national cemeteries are the type with the fewest constraints on establishment, thanks to the provision of the Act On The Establishment And Management Of National Cemeteries, which takes precedence over the Act On Funeral Services. However, owing to their uniqueness, there is a need to expand their relationship with the urban environment. Secondly, general funeral service establishments are permitted in green areas, but due to practical constraints such as resident opposition, their establishment is nearly impossible. Therefore, it is necessary to consider options for regenerating existing facilities to meet the demand. Thirdly, cemetery parks, established under the exception provision of Article 22, (4) 1. (a) of the Enforcement Decree of the Act On Funeral Services. They are regulated by the Act On Urban Parks And Green Areas and are well-known type of urban cemetery. However, they currently cannot fulfill their intended role due to outdated criteria and changed programs of the urban park. Hence, there is a need to consider reclassifying cemetery parks as living-zone parks rather than theme parks, making them more accessible to the citizens. Fourthly, urban woodland burial sites are cemeteries established within development restriction zones and urban natural parks zones with the intention of preserving nature. Despite their various advantages, there are few cases. Therefore, there is a need to connect them to the city through a variety of forest programs. Fifthly, charnel houses installed within religious assembly facilities are cemeteries that can be established as part of religious facilities in accordance with the provision of the Building Act. Although it is the most widely established type, there is a need for formal standards for interior spaces and a reconsideration of unnecessary constraints. Lastly, natural burial grounds for an individual or a family are the type allowed to be established under the exception provision of Article 22 (4) 1. (b) of the Enforcement Decree of the Act On Funeral Services. While they have the advantage of being relatively easy to establish as private spaces, they lack significance as urban institutions. By examining these six types, this study has tried to provide insights for the long-term settlement of our urban cemeteries.
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This study aims to categorize Dori-supporting members by position, function, and form, examining their usage and historical changes. Dori-supporting members, more varied than those for beams, Daegong, and Dongjajoo, pose challenges in precise classification due to their diversity. Therefore, this study paid attention to the lack of consistent standards particularly within the Beam direction Dori-Supporting members of a roof frame structure. Especially focusing on the 231 Dori-Supporting members above columns described on the longitudinal section of Jeongkan(core bay) among 89 buildings. Classifications of Dori-supporting members were based on the number of Doris on which the member was hung and its position of joinery. An examination was based on suggested types of Dori-Supporting members(Single Dori Type, Gongpo Inside Type, and Doris Connection Type), analyzing their characteristics, usage, and changes over time by Gongpo(Bracket set). As a result, this study revealed that Dori-Supporting members have responded to the different needs given by its Gongpo style and adapted to the structural and historical circumstances of wooden buildings.
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Buddhist temple in mountain area in Joseon dynasty usually had a court-concentric layout with four pavilions on each side of madang. However in the latter half of the 20th century, many buddhist temples showed aspects of transitions on the course of modernization. This study tracked the modernistic changes, found three types of shifts and considered its features and cause of formation. Throughout modernization, these types expanded in size, altering their square footage, relationship with nearby structures, and the purpose of the madang. This underscores that the court-concentric layout, though appearing traditional, has a confined role as the main Buddha hall's front courtyard.
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In the early stages of the multi-functional administrative city, the view for the urban-wall stood as a city-image symbol, embodying integrated design and urban concepts. However, subsequent regulations, conflicts with development interests, and various discrepancies in the development process have brought design guideline and operational system issues to the forefront. This study aims to classify city-image elements based on conceptual and spatial characteristics within spaces formed by the urban-wall along the circular public transportation axis to implement an integrated image. It also seeks to interpret their purpose and value in terms of cognitive aspects. In the evolving stages of urban development, the multi-functional administrative city is transitioning from the second stage of self-sufficiency maturity to the completion stage. At this point, with fundamental conditions completed in development, the aim is to reassess and establish the identity of multi-functional administrative city images, promote urban principles, and enhance values.
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As the aging population increases, numerous studies on South Korea's elderly community have emerged. The elderly tend to stay in their familiar communities due to the emotional and economic challenges associated with moving. Similar models, like Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) in the United States and Canada, support high-density areas where the elderly naturally reside. To effectively sustain NORCs and address their shortcomings, it's crucial to implement suitable NORC Supportive Service Programs (NORC-SSPs). Customized NORC-SSPs should be developed based on community vitality and senior residents' characteristics. This study explores the applicability of NORCs in South Korea, specifically focusing on Mangwon-dong, an old low-rise residential area in Seoul. The research considers both Vertical and Horizontal NORCs, revealing positive outcomes for Aging in Place, active aging through walking activities, and community vitality in low-rise residential areas. However, low satisfaction with housing conditions in Horizontal NORCs emphasizes the need for environmental improvements and NORC-SSP supplementation. The findings from Mangwon-dong could extend to exploring NORCs in other low-rise residential areas in Seoul, addressing the growing concentration of the elderly population.
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In response to rising heat waves and the urban heat island effect, there's a need to enhance cooler air circulation from green and water spaces in urban areas. To address thermal issues, understanding the diffusion of cold air in urban water spaces and its impact on wind speed and temperature by building cluster type is crucial. This study assesses cold air diffusion in the Hangang River during a heatwave and conducts a comparative analysis of temperature and wind speed changes by building cluster type. Findings show that overpasses and apartment buildings create wind pathways, reducing water space temperatures. However, outside water spaces, temperatures rise while wind speeds decrease. This study quantifies the cooling effect up to 1,000 meters from urban water spaces, ranging from 0.05% to 1.12%. Further analysis revealed that topographic changes contribute to 84% of total temperature change, while building-related changes contribute 16%. Topographic changes tended to decrease wind speed, while building-related changes increased it. A comparative analysis of temperature and wind speed impacts along the Hangang River in urban areas shows low-rise residential areas have the highest temperatures compared to high-rise residential and commercial areas. Conversely, high-rise residential areas exhibited the highest wind speeds, followed by low-rise residential and commercial areas. This study's significance lies in using ENVI-met simulation and ArcGIS to precisely quantify cold air dispersion in urban water spaces and conduct comparative analyses of temperature and wind speed variations across different building cluster types due to cold air diffusion.
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Lee, Seung-Ju;Jo, Hyeong-Gon;Yoo, Young-Seo;Park, Chul-Hong;Park, Cheol-Soo 169
Building energy analysis can be categorized into steady state, quasi-steady state and dynamic methods. The current Korean building energy standards relies on ECO2 that is based on the quasi-steady state approach. For the purpose of clarity and simplicity, ECO2 is designed to receive deterministic inputs only, and allow for predefined usage profiles such as occupant/lighting/equipment schedule. In this regard, the authors examine technical disadvantages caused by ECO2: (1) unrealistic geometric and HVAC modeling, (2) non-adjustable default input fields, (3) lack of validation for building energy models and users, (4) no account for building's stochastic characteristics, (5) lack of usability in energy-conscious decision making. This paper proposes further recommendations for the Korean building energy standards. -
This study seeks to identify factors influencing the indoor thermal environment with a focus on energy conservation and propose a strategy for controlling indoor thermal conditions. The review of previous experiments measuring occupants' thermal perception highlighted factors impacting their experience, including architectural elements such as materials, colors, windows, lighting, and daylight, environmental factors like air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity, and personal factors including metabolic rate and clothing insulation. Energy-saving possibilities through indoor thermal control were categorized based on these influencing factors. Methods include adjusting the overall ambient temperature and controlling local temperature using the personal comfort system (PCS). These approaches can influence the set temperature of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Physiological responses, measured through electroencephalogram (EEG), skin temperature (ST), electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), SpO2, and metabolic rate (MET), were employed for a quantitative understanding of occupants' thermal perception. This quantitative approach addresses the limitations of subjective qualitative evaluations. A strategy for indoor thermal environment control was proposed by summarizing the analyzed factors. This outcome can serve as fundamental design data for initial architectural plans focusing on thermal indoor environments.
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This study aims to assess the impact of envelope design factors on the total energy consumption of cooling, heating, and lighting sector in office buildings and to suggest priorities among energy-saving design alternatives. The approach involved selecting a baseline model and various variable levels for the office building, followed by energy analysis simulations using the design of the experiment method. Sensitivity analysis, based on energy consumption data obtained from these simulations, calculated the contribution rate and influence of each design factor. Additionally, a design-stage alternative flow chart was presented, and a predictive energy consumption equation was developed through multiple regression analysis for additional analysis. The study presents a method enabling designers to compare diverse alternatives based on envelope design factors in the early design stage and choose the energy-efficient optimal design alternative.
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Shin, Soo-Young;Kim, Hye-Jin;Seo, Dong-Hyun;Choi, Yoon-Jung 201
This study aimed to analyze the improvement effect of thermal performance and indoor thermal environment by green remodeling project of public buildings and to suggest consideration for green-remodeling project plan and design in the aspects of thermal performance and indoor thermal environment. The subjects are 19 buildings based on the 2021 Green-remodeling Chungcheong Regional Platform. For these purposes, energy analysis using ECO2-OD, visiting field measurements of indoor thermal elements and survey on employee were conducted. As a result of thermal performance analysis, it was found that the improvement of thermal performance of old buildings based on structural insulation reinforcement can have a definite effect on reducing building energy consumption. In evaluating PMV calculated by measured data, 65% of buildings were in the comfort range based on the ISO 7730 standard. As a result of the subjective response of facility occupants to the indoor thermal environment before and after green remodeling, the thermal sensation about after the green remodeling changed positively or not changed in 89% of the buildings. The humidity and radiation sensation changed positively or not changed in 83% of the buildings. In conclusion about measurement and survey, the effect of improving the indoor thermal environment after green remodeling was identified. -
Choi, Seung Hun;Ham, Hee Jung;Lee, Sungsu;Kim, Ho-Jeong 213
This study examines residential building characteristics vulnerable to ongoing heat waves in South Korea. Target areas, based on building climate zones, were selected, and temperature data for these areas were collected. The analysis evaluated factors like building type, construction year, and climate zone's impact on indoor temperatures during heat wave alerts between June and August 2022. Findings indicate detached houses or non-apartments and older buildings are more susceptible, with increased vulnerability in hotter climate zones. This study also explores temperature control ability, building orientation, and window size, revealing a correlation between higher-income residents and lower indoor temperatures. Additionally, buildings facing south and east show susceptibility. This research suggests risks of heat-related illnesses extend beyond outdoor environments to indoor settings. Emphasizing region-specific insulation designs for buildings becomes crucial as insulation strategies for winter may intensify heat-related issues during summer heat waves. -
We aim to find out why the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from building sector during 2001 ~ 2020 are in line with the path described in the national road map for 2030 GHG reduction using the decomposition analysis. We study on decomposition analysis for GHG emission and reduction implementation indicator of GHG emission in building sector in South Korea. Index decomposition analysis using the formula of log mean divisia index (LMDI) was conducted to analyze the characteristics of GHG emissions from residential and commercial sector of building sector. Korean building sector emitted 145.1 million ton CO2e in 2020. The result shows that during 2018-2020 the average emissions in building sector was 4.9 million ton lower than those of the reduction path on the road map. The energy intensity effect was the main factor in decreasing GHG emission in buildings. We reviewed 4 reduction implementation indicators to know whether reduction efforts are being implemented: energy intensity, construction of green building, support for green remodeling and using the new & renewable energy in buildings.
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Zhu, Zhao-Lin;Lee, Moon-Seok;Son, Dong-Hee;Choi, Chang-Sik;Choi, Hyun-Ki;Bae, Baek-Il 235
This study involved conducting material tests on ultra-high-performance concrete through direct tensile tests. The key variables examined were the volume fraction of steel fiber and the cover thickness. This analysis focused on load-strain relationships, concrete tensile strength, average crack spacing, and maximum crack width. The results reveal that as the volume fraction of steel fiber increases and the cover thickness becomes greater, the concrete's ability to withstand tensile forces significantly improves, resulting in a more robust tension-stiffening effect. Furthermore, the crack behavior during the crack formation stage and stabilized cracking stage indicates improved crack control performance. After the initial crack formation stage, the concrete appears to no longer control additional tensile forces and cracks, with the primary responsibility for crack control shifting to the steel fibers. This transition enhances the tension-stiffening effect by bridging actions of the steel fibers after the initial crack formation stage. -
This research aims to assess the impact-resistant performance of cladding materials, such as roof steel sheets, against windborne debris. Countries like the United States and Japan, prone to hurricanes and typhoons, routinely conduct impact tests on exterior materials. Korea, facing damage from typhoons and strong winds, also requires evaluating impact resistance through missile tests. This study develops test equipment based on international standards, establishes a test method, and conducts impact resistance tests on roof steel plates. Following these tests, penetration occurred when a missile of type D or higher struck the non-overlapping 0.35mm thick steel plate. At overlapping points, an impact with a missile of type E was applied to the 1.5 furrow part. In earlier findings, adjusting bolt spacing from 200mm to 100mm at overlapping points prevented penetration, even during a missile impact of type E.
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This study introduces a novel design technique for the rib pattern of slab structure using visual programming. It aims to investigate the possibility and capability of visual programming for a rib pattern design in the grasshopper environment. For this purpose, Nervis's approach is revisited and reconstructed in the digital environment. The NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-spline) definition is introduced to represent the slab geometry and redefine the principal stress line with kinks for smoothing purposes. The response of the slab is evaluated by using OpenSees via the plug-in Alpaca4d. The entire process is utilized with the generic components of the grasshopper and two specific plug-ins. From numerical results, the proposed design process efficiently produces rib patterns of the slab and can be used in arbitrary slab shapes with openings.
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This study delves into the dynamic characteristics of the stone structure in a traditional building, with a specific focus on Bulguksa Temple. At the foundation's base lies a distinctive stone arrangement of natural stones irregularly stacked in layers, topped with processed stones to create a beam-like structure. This innovative design allows controlled movement, creating essential spacing for effective energy dissipation. To explore these dynamic features, a carefully crafted test specimen replicated the temple's foundation and underwent shake table tests with varied ground motion scales. Analyzing the dynamic characteristics revealed the foundation's remarkable behavior during seismic events. Unlike conventional rigid seismic foundations, Bulguksa's foundation, utilizing intentional displacement, dissipates seismic energy through friction. This principle has evolved into modern seismic design known as base isolation, minimizing structural and human damage in contemporary seismic methods. Essentially, this traditional seismic isolation method, designed for flexibility, serves as a precursor to the contemporary base isolation approach, providing insights into minimizing damage in seismic design.
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In this paper, liquid red mud and sulfuric acid neutralized liquid red mud were manufactured to recycle red mud sludge, a by-product of the aluminum manufacturing process, and applied to slag cement mortar to examine the possibility of its use as a building material. Liquid red mud and sulfuric acid neutralization As a result of replacing liquid red mud with slag cement mortar, it was found to have a positive effect by shortening the initial setting time and improving initial strength. In particular, when sulfuric acid is added to red mud, it reacts with NaOH to produce a compound in the form of Na2(SO4)3, which acts as a factor in reducing the rapid setting phenomenon of slag cement mortar added with sulfuric acid-neutralized liquid red mud, reducing the 28-day strength. The results showed higher strength than slag cement mortar added with liquid red mud. In the XRD analysis results, Xonotlite and Gismondite were identified as the new A peak and Gismondite as the B peak, which appeared to affect the initial compressive strength results. Therefore, it is believed that sulfuric acid neutralization liquid red mud using red mud sludge has high utility in the construction industry.
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With the increasing number of aging apartment complexes, there's a growing need for systematic maintenance to address potential facility issues over time. This study aims to establish maintenance standards for aging apartment complexes using the value engineering quality model technique. Through a combination of prior research analysis and interviews with industry experts, 17 evaluation items were identified and categorized into 4 groups using the affinity diagram method. Expert surveys and importance analysis demonstrated consistent significance across factors. To further understand relative importance, an AHP analysis was performed, presenting results aimed at supporting the efficient maintenance of aging apartment complexes.
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Park, Hyung-Jin;Lee, Jun-Sung;Seo, Myoung-Bae;Lee, Seung-Yeon 287
Construction sites have a variety of risk situations and risk factors that are not standardized. These risks can have a variety of negative impacts, including increased cost, property damage, project delays, and legal issues. The accident rate in the construction industry is high compared to other industries, and various efforts are being made to reduce it. In particular, accident cases are easy to understand for workers and provide direct information to recognize risks. In this study, construction accident case data was collected through CSI, accident frequency was analyzed from the perspective of three classes of work type, work process, and accident object, and the risk level and risk occurrence probability were analyzed.. As a result, it was possible to determine which types of work are dangerous, which work processes are particularly dangerous, and which accident objects cause such risks. Through this, it is expected that it will be possible to examine whether the probability of an accident occurring increases with a specific type of construction, a specific location, a specific time, or a specific action. -
The surge in BIM technology's popularity has heightened the demand for transforming traditional architectural floor plans into BIM-oriented 3D models. To address this, scholars have introduced diverse methods for this conversion, with those leveraging deep learning technology garnering significant attention. Deep learning-based approaches typically encompass information segmentation and data vectorization. However, the current research landscape lacks exploration into optimizing deep learning technology for high generalization efficiency and promptly vectorizing wall lines. This study enhances the generalization capability of information segmentation in deep learning by incorporating Instance Normalization (IN) and Instance Whitening (IW). Additionally, it introduces a method for swiftly generating wall lines through a proposed vector generation algorithm rooted in path planning. This enhancement facilitates the creation of a BIM-centric automation process, streamlining the conversion of accumulated 2D architectural drawings into efficient 3D models.