Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention on Middle-aged Koreans and Implications: Exploratory Research through Comparative Analysis with Young Koreans

중년 창업에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석과 시사점: 청년층과 비교 분석을 통한 탐색적 연구

  • 허윤 (한양사이버대학원 IT MBA 과정)
  • Received : 2024.08.25
  • Accepted : 2024.10.17
  • Published : 2024.10.31
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Abstract

Entrepreneurship contributes to economic development through job creation and investment. Policymakers are interested in the function of entrepreneurship in reducing unemployment and are increasing policies to support youth entrepreneurship. Most academic research also focuses on youth entrepreneurs. However, in reality, the number of entrepreneurs is higher among middle-aged individuals. With the ageing population, middle-aged entrepreneurship is expected to increase even more, but there is a lack of understanding about middle-aged entrepreneurship. This study utilized quantitative data on entrepreneurship and analyzed the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions using visualization and machine learning algorithms. The differences between young and middle-aged indivisuals with entrepreneurial intentions were found to be more important in psychological factors than demographic factors. Middle-aged individuals had entrepreneurial intentions despite having a negative or low perception of entrepreneurial attitude, self-efficacy, and recognition of entrepreneurship. In summary, middle-aged individuals had lower confidence in entrepreneurship compared to young people. This study suggests developing entrepreneurship policies that are inclusive of middle-aged individuals, setting policy goals to promote a positive view of middle-aged entrepreneurship, and providing entrepreneurship education, perceived social support, and abolishing age-based entrepreneurship support.

창업은 일자리 창출과 투자를 통해 경제발전에 기여한다. 정책 입안자들은 실업률을 낮추는 기능에 관심을 두고 청년 창업지원 정책을 늘리고 있다. 학계 연구도 대부분 청년을 대상으로 한다. 실제 창업자 수는 중년이 더 많다. 고령화로 중년 창업은 더욱 늘어날 것으로 보이지만 중년 창업에 대한 이해는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 기업가정신을 조사한 양적 자료를 활용하여 시각화와 머신러닝 알고리즘으로 창업의지에 영향을 주는 요인들을 비교해 분석하였다. 창업의지가 있는 청년층과 중년층의 차이는 인구통계학적 요인들보다 심리적 요인들에서 나타났다. 중년층은 청년층보다 기업가적 태도, 자기 효능감, 기업에 대한 인식이 부정적이거나 낮음에도 불구하고 창업의지가 있다. 창업에 있어 중년층이 청년층보다 자신감이 더 낮다고 요약하고 중년을 포괄하는 창업지원 정책 개발을 제안한다. 중년 창업을 긍정적으로 보도록 만드는 정책 목표 수립과 나이 제한 창업지원 폐지, 기업가정신 교육 강화, 지각된 사회적지지 제고를 제시하였다.

Keywords

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