Abstract
Objectives : The focus of this paper is to examine the complex manipulations listed in the major texts specializing in pediatric tuina of the Ming and Qing periods, therefore getting an overview of the genealogy of knowledge and evaluating the value of the research subject. Methods : Of complex manipulation methods listed in the Zhenjiudaicheng, Xiaoertuinaganfmaihuoyingmizhiquanshu, Tuinaguangyi, Youketuinamishu, Lizhenganmoyaoshu, those that share the same name were analyzed and their characteristics examined. Results & Conclusions : Complex manipulation methods listed in the pediatric tuina specialized texts which shared the same name had similarities in their content, but some were different according to text. In terms of specific content, the Zhenjiudaicheng and Xiaoertuinaganfmaihuoyingmizhiquanshu were similar and the Tuinaguangyi and Lizhenganmoyaoshu were similar to each other, while the Youketuinamishu tended to stand by itself. It explained the names of complex manipulation methods, followed by experiences of their effects and detailed application, which was more specific compared to previously published texts with similar manipulation methods. It is heavily referenced in contemporary pediatric tuina specialized texts to explain complex manipulation methods as well.