Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science (대한치위생과학회지)

The Korean Academy of Dental Hygiene & The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (대한치과위생학회 & 한국치위생과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Association Between Working Overtime and Job Performance for Dental Hygienists

치과위생사의 야간진료와 직무성과의 관련성

  • Mi-Sook Yoon (Department of Dental Hygiene, Shinhan University) ;
  • Young-Eun Kim (Department of Dental Hygiene, Shinhan University) ;
  • Han-A Cho (Department of Dental Hygiene, Shinhan University)
  • 윤미숙 (신한대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 김영은 (신한대학교 치위생학과) ;
  • 조한아 (신한대학교 치위생학과)
  • Received : 2024.06.11
  • Accepted : 2024.06.24
  • Published : 2024.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Dental hygienists provide direct dental care in the closest proximity to the patient, and each practice requires a high level of focus and concentration. These skills are an important human resource that can impact the quality of dental care services. Since more than half of dental clinics provide as overtime work in addition to regular hours, this study aims to determine the association between working overtime and job performance for dental hygienists. Methods: The study was conducted using a combination of online and in-person surveys via Google Forms among 131 employed dental hygienists. The survey consisted of 7 questions on demographic and work characteristics, 16 questions on characteristics related to overtime and the effect of overtime on job security, health, and life, and 10 questions on job performance, for a total of 33 questions. Chi-square analysis and independent samples t-test were used to identify the characteristics of demographic and work characteristics, and descriptive statistics analysis was used for the characteristics of overtime. Independent samples t-test was used to test the difference in the mean of job performance according to whether or not they worked overtime, and linear regression analysis was used to show the association of working overtime and job performance. Results: The study found that 71% of dental clinics worked overtime. The average number of overtime per week was once (78.5%), and the most common problems with overtime were fatigue (52.7%) and lack of personal and leisure time (41.9%). The appropriate number of overtime per week considered by dental hygienists was once a week, which was confirmed to be 94.6%. When comparing job performance by overtime status, those who worked overtime were 3.38 points higher than those who did not (35.45 vs. 32.07). Multiple linear regression analysis of the association of working overtime night and job performance showed that a one-unit increase in worked overtime was associated with a statistically significant increase in job performance of about 3.1 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Working overtime was found to have a positive effect on job performance among dental hygienists. Therefore, as a way to improve the working environment, providing appropriate compensation or welfare for overtime can reduce the negative aspects of overtime and turn it into a positive influence on job performance. This could ultimately raise awareness of the dental hygienist as a professional and effect the efficiency of dental care services.

연구배경: 치과위생사는 환자에게 가장 밀접한 위치에서 직접적인 치과 의료서비스를 제공하는 전문인력으로 진료행위마다 고도의 집중과 몰입이 요구된다. 이러한 능력은 치과의료서비스의 질적 수준 향상에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 중요한 인적자원이다. 치과의료기관의 절반이상이 정규시간 이외에 연장근무로써 야간진료를 실시하고 있어 본 연구에서는 치과위생사의 야간진료가 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 한다. 연구방법: 현직 치과위생사 131명을 대상으로 구글 폼을 통한 온라인 설문조사 및 직접 설문조사를 병행하여 진행하였다. 인구사회학적 및 근무특성 7문항, 야간진료와 관련된 특성 및 야간진료가 직업의 안정성 및 건강과 생활에 미치는 영향 16문항, 직무성과 10문항을 구성하여 총 33문항을 사용하였다. 인구사회학적 및 근무특성을 확인하기 위해 카이제곱 분석과 독립표본 t-test를 실시하였으며, 야간진료특성의 경우 기술통계분석을 실시하였다. 야간진료 여부에 따른 직무성과의 평균의 차이는 독립표본 t-test를 실시하였으며, 야간진료가 직무성과에 미치는 영향력은 선형회귀분석 결과로 제시하였다. 연구결과: 본 연구결과 야간진료를 하는 경우는 71%로 나타났다. 주당 평균 야간진료 횟수는 1회가 78.5%, 야간진료로 인한 문제점은 피로도(52.7%)와 개인시간 및 여가시간 부족(41.9%)이 대다수를 차지했다. 주당 적절한 야간진료 횟수는 주 1회가 94.6%로 확인되었다. 야간진료 여부에 따른 직무성과를 비교한 결과 야간진료를 하는 경우가 야간진료를 하지 않는 경우에 비해 3.38점 더 높게 나타났다(35.45점 VS 32.07점). 야간진료가 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 확인한 다중선형회귀분석 결과, 야간진료가 1단위 증가 시 직무성과는 약 3.1만큼 증가하는 것이 통계적으로 유의하게 확인되었다(p<0.01). 결론: 치과위생사의 야간진료는 직무성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었다. 따라서 근무환경의 개선책으로 야간진료에 대한 적절한 보상이나 복지의 제공을 통해 야간진료에 대한 부정적인 부분을 감소시킨다면 직무성과는 긍정적인 영향력으로 바뀔 수 있겠다. 이는 궁긍적으로 치과위생사의 전문직업인에 대한 인식제고와 더불어 치과의료기관의 효율성에도 영향을 줄 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Hong HS. The effects of the quality of the dental care services by dental hygienist on the patient's satisfaction, reuse, and invitation. Unpublished master' s thesis, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-do, 2005. 
  2. Lee HJ et al. Issues and challenges of dental hygienist workforce policy in Korea. Jour of KoCon a 2019;19:409-423. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2019.19.02.409 
  3. Korean Dental Hygienists Association: Introduction to dental hygienists. Retrieved June 11, 2024, from https://www.kdha.or.kr/introduce/dentalhygienist.aspx(2015, August 10) 
  4. Lee JH, Yoon NN. Analysis of the factors of turnover intention of dental hygienists in dental hospitals. J Korean Acad Oral Health 2021;45:92-99. https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2021.45.2.92 
  5. Korea Labor Institute. The employment impact of the Health Care Workforce Act to improve quality of care. Korea Labor Institute, Sejong Special Self-Governing City, pp.70, 89, 2017. 
  6. Lim JK et al. 24-Hour shifts and frequent night shifts of Korean emergency medicine residents. J Korean Soc Emerg Med 2019;30:484-489 
  7. Seong JS. Relationships between sleep patterns, occupational fatigue and inter-shift recovery, and missed nursing care among fixed night shift nurses. Unpublished master's thesis, Chungang University, Seoul, 2022. 
  8. Han S. Effects of work hours and night duty on sleep disturbance in Korean workers. Culture and Convergence 2022;44:1277-1287. https://doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.12.44.12.1277 
  9. Choi YS. Research on 「Survey on working conditions for nurses」. National Assembly of the Republic of Korea, Seoul, pp.1-62, 2021 
  10. Nho Y. On the determinants of overtime. Korean Journal of Industrial Relations 2013;23:67-87. 
  11. Debets MPM et al. Doctors' alertness, contentedness and calmness before and after night shifts: a latent profile analysis. Hum Resour Health 2023;21:68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-023-00855-z 
  12. Saleh AM et al. Impacts of nurses' circadian rhythm sleep disorders, fatigue, and depression on medication administration errors. Egypt J Chest Dis Tuberc 2014;63:145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcdt.2013.10.001 
  13. Lee KW et al. Relationships between quality of sleep and job stress among nurses in a university hospital. JKAIS 2011;12:3523-3531. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2011.12.8.3523 
  14. Elliott GR, Eisdorfer C. Stress and human health: analysis and implications of research: a study. Springer Pub. Co., New York, 1982:pp.55-141. 
  15. Wong K et al. The effect of long working hours and overtime on occupational health: a meta-analysis of evidence from 1998 to 2018. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16:2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122102 
  16. Radatta NPH, Supartha AAARP. The effect of overtime work, work-life balance, and work environment on employee performance. REVENUE 2022;3:32-45. https://doi.org/10.38043/revenue.v3i1.4512 
  17. Opot FMO, Munene L. Overtime management policies and employee performance at Kenya Ports Authority. IAJHRBA 2023;4:273-304. 
  18. Kim KS. Job performance determinants model of the social workers in public sector -Focused on mediating effects of the self efficacy, the intrinsic job motivation-. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ewha Woman University, Seoul, 2016. 
  19. Part JH, Lee YH. Influence of dental hygienists' core competencies on job performance. J Dent Hyg Sci 2017;17:142-149. https://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2017.17.2.142 
  20. Sun KH et al. Effect of sleep quality and health in emergency medical doctors on duty at night. J Korean Soc Emerg Med 2009;20:138-147. 
  21. Kim JH, Lee YS. Full-time white collar wage earners' overtime work after the regular hours in Korea: A Comparative analysis of 2014 and 2019 Korean time use survey. Korea Social Policy Review 2022;29:79-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.17000/kspr.29.1.202204.79 
  22. Jung YJ, Kang SW. Differences in sleep, fatigue, and neurocognitive function between shift nurses and non-shift nurses. Korean J Adult Nurs 2017;29:190-199. https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2017.29.2.190 
  23. Shin SH, Kim MJ. The relationships of positive psychological capital, psychological ownership, job satisfaction and job performance. Journal of Industrial Economics and Business 2020;33:1035-1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.22558/jieb.2020.8.33.4.1035 
  24. Kang OK. The determinants of intent to leave of dental hygienists at dental clinics. J Den Hyg Sci 2006;6:107-111. 
  25. Noh HJ, Bae SS. Relationship between job satisfaction and job selection factors among dental hygienist-Based on dental hygienists who graduated college in Metropolitan Area. Korean Journal of Clinical Dental Hygiene 2013;1:57-67. 
  26. Kim GY, Chung WG. Impact of human resource management and development on turnover intention of dental hygienist in Korean dental settings- Focusing on the moderating effect of career commitment. J Korean Acad Oral Health 2010;34:505-515. 
  27. Kim GH. Current status and implications of the Australian primary care incentive system. Medical Policy Forum 2016;14:8691. 
  28. Jee Y. The effect of financial incentives on physician' s motivation and performance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Yonsei University, Seoul, 2003 
  29. Jung HS et al. Estimating the cost of social loss for night work . Korean Journal of Occupational Health 2021;3:61-76. https://doi.org/10.35861/KJOH.2021.3.2.61 
  30. Son M. The relationship of working hours and work intensity with sleep disturbance among continuous 12 hours day and night shift workers in an automobile factory in Korea. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2004;16:13-24. https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2004.16.1.13 
  31. Alsharari AF et al. Impact of night shift rotations on nursing performance and patient safety: A cross.sectional study. Nurs Open 2021;8:1479-1488. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.766 
  32. Kim JS. Factors related between job stress and the satisfaction of clinical dental hygienists. Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science 2019;7:29-36.