Development and Reproduction (한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식)

The Korean Society of Developmental Biology (한국발생생물학회)
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A Potential Role of fgf4, fgf24, and fgf17 in Pharyngeal Pouch Formation in Zebrafish

  • Sil Jin (Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Chong Pyo Choe (Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2024.03.19
  • Accepted : 2024.05.15
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

In vertebrates, Fgf signaling is essential for the development of pharyngeal pouches, which controls facial skeletal development. Genetically, fgf3 and fgf8 are required for pouch formation in mice and zebrafish. However, loss-of-function phenotypes of fgf3 and fgf8 are milder than expected in mice and zebrafish, which suggests that an additional fgf gene(s) would be involved in pouch formation. Here, we analyzed the expression, regulation, and function of three fgfs, fgf4, fgf24, and fgf17, during pouch development in zebrafish. We find that they are expressed in the distinct regions of pharyngeal endoderm in pouch formation, with fgf4 and fgf17 also being expressed in the adjacent mesoderm, in addition to previously reported endodermal fgf3 and mesodermal fgf8 expression. The endodermal expression of fgf4, fgf24, and fgf17 and the mesodermal expression of fgf4 and fgf17 are positively regulated by Tbx1 but not by Fgf3, in pouch formation. Fgf8 is required to express the endodermal expression of fgf4 and fgf24. Interestingly, however, single mutant, all double mutant combinations, and triple mutant for fgf4, fgf24, and fgf17 do not show any defects in pouches and facial skeletons. Considering a high degree of genetic redundancy in the Fgf signaling components in craniofacial development in zebrafish, our result suggests that fgf4, fgf24, and fgf17 have a potential role for pouch formation, with a redundancy with other fgf gene(s).

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (2022R1F1A1060199).

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