Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue (한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제)

Korean Psychological Association of Culture and Social Issues (한국문화및사회문제심리학회)
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Reactive and Proactive Aggression, the Validation of the Reactive-Proactive Questionnaire (RPQ): Focusing on ESEM and Rasch

반응적 공격성과 주도적 공격성, Reactive-Proactive Questionnaire(RPQ) 타당화 연구: ESEM과 Rasch를 중심으로

  • Received : 2024.02.01
  • Accepted : 2024.04.16
  • Published : 2024.05.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to validate the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ), a tool for measuring reactive-proactive aggression, in the context of South Korea. A thorough translation was conducted in collaboration with the original author. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), rating scale model (Rasch), differential item functioning (DIF), and convergent validity were performed on a sample of 510 South Korean individuals. The results revealed a two-factor structure of reactive and proactive aggression after removing one item showing dual loading. Rating scale analysis based on the Rasch model indicated the appropriateness of the 3-point Likert scale, with all items meeting fit criteria. Although the separation index and separation reliability of proactive aggression was marginally lower, the overall discrimination between participants and items was satisfactory. Examination of participant-item distribution indicated a suitable alignment between reactive aggression and participant ability levels, whereas proactive aggression exhibited slightly elevated item difficulty. Furthermore, three items were found to function differently based on gender. A moderate but statistically significant positive correlation was found between the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11-R (Korean version) and RPQ from the results of the convergent validity evaluation. Overall, this study employed rigorous statistical methods to validate the suitability of the RPQ for use in Korea, taking cultural nuances into account, and introduced the concepts of reactive and proactive aggression to the Korean general population.

본 연구는 반응적-주도적 공격성 측정 도구인 RPQ (The reactive-proactive aggression questionnaire)를 국내에 타당화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 원저자와의 상호협력을 통해 정확한 번안 과정을 거쳐 국내 일반인 510명을 대상으로 탐색적 요인분석, 탐색적 구조방정식 모형, 평정척도모형, 차별기능문항, 수렴타당도를 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과 첫째, RPQ의 요인구조는 이중적재가 나타난 한 문항을 삭제한 후 반응적 공격성과 주도적 공격성의 2요인으로 상정하였다. 둘째, Rasch 모형에 기반한 평정척도 분석 결과, 본 척도의 3점 리커트 척도는 적절한 것으로 나타났고, 문항적합도 검증을 통해 모든 문항이 적합도 기준을 충족하는 것으로 나타났다. 분리지수 및 분리 신뢰도는 주도적 공격성 요인이 다소 낮은 수준을 보였으나 전체적으로 피험자와 문항이 적절하게 변별되는 것으로 나타났다. 피험자x문항 분포 탐색 결과 반응적 공격성은 피험자의 능력수준과 문항난이도가 적절하게 대응하였으나, 주도적 공격성은 문항 난이도가 다소 높은 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따라 다르게 기능할 수 있는 문항은 총 3문항으로 나타났으며, 수렴타당도 검증 결과 충동성 측정 도구인 한국판 BIS-11-R과는 낮은-중간 수준의 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구는 서구권과는 다른 한국의 문화적 특성을 고려한 타당화를 통해 공격성 척도인 RPQ가 국내에도 적합함을 입증하였으며 국내 일반인을 대상으로 반응적 공격성과 주도적 공격성 개념을 도입한 것에 의의를 지닌다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2024년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(NRF-2023S1A5A807785612). 본 논문에 도움을 주신 University of Pennsylvania Criminology & Psychiatry, Adrain Raine 교수님과 University of Edinburgh Psychology of Mental Health의 이재은 선생님께 감사의 말씀 드립니다.

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