Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
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Estimation of Days to Flowering according to Various Altitudes and the Effect of Sowing Dates on Growth Characteristics of Safflower

잇꽃 재배지대에 따른 개화 소요일수 추정 및 파종시기별 생육 특성

  • Young Min Choi (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Jeong Seop Moon (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Dong Chun Cheong (Horticulture Division, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Eunae Yoo (National Agrobiodiversity Center, NIAS, RDA) ;
  • Hee Kyung Song (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Seung Yoon Lee (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Jin Jae Lee (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • So Ra Choi (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Hong Ki Kim (Medicinal Resource Research Institute, Jeonbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 최영민 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 문정섭 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 정동춘 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 원예과) ;
  • 유은애 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업유전자원센터) ;
  • 송희경 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 이승윤 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 이진재 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 최소라 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소) ;
  • 김홍기 (전북특별자치도농업기술원 약용자원연구소)
  • Received : 2023.12.09
  • Accepted : 2024.03.20
  • Published : 2024.04.01
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Abstract

This study was conducted to estimate the days to flowering based on the effective accumulated temperature at various altitudes in the Jiri mountain region and to compare growth and yield characteristics according to the sowing date of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) four genetic resources (local variety, IT323225, IT333473, and IT333482). The safflower four resources were sown on March 29, May 3, May 13, May 24, and June 2. The days from sowing to flowering of the safflower four resources by sowing dates were in the order of the local variety (61.0 days), IT333482 (73.2 days), IT323225 (74.0 days), and IT333473 (74.2 days). The base temperature and effective accumulated temperature for the days to flowering of the safflower four resources calculated based on the daily mean temperature were local variety 6℃, 579℃, IT323225 11℃, 766℃, IT333473 11℃, 768℃, IT333482 10℃, 750℃, respectively. As a result of applying the calculated effective accumulated temperature and daily mean temperature of the past five years (2019 to 2023) by various altitudes and the different sowing dates (every 15 days from April 1 to August 15), the days to flowering of the safflower four resources decreased from April 1 to July 15 during the sowing date and then tended to increase from August 1. In addition, the days to flowering at various altitudes were investigated in the order of plains, mid-mountain, and mountain regions. Among the yield characteristics, plant height, number of branches, number of capitula, number of seeds, and seed weight decreased as the sowing dates were delayed for the safflower four resources.

본 연구는 잇꽃(Carthamus tinctorius) 4자원(재래종, IT323225, IT333473, IT333482)의 유효적산온도를 기반으로 개화 소요일수 추정과 파종시기에 따른 생육 및 수량 특성을 비교하고자 수행되었다. 잇꽃 4자원은 3월 29일, 5월 3일, 5월 13일, 5월 24일, 6월 2일에 각기 파종하였으며, 생육기간 동안 기상정보수집과 생육단계 및 수량 특성을 조사하였다. 파종시기별 잇꽃 4자원의 평균 개화 소요일수는 재래종(61.0일)이 가장 짧았고, IT333482 (73.2일), IT323225 (74.0일), IT333473 (74.2일) 순이었다. 평균온도를 근거로 산출한 잇꽃 4자원의 기준온도와 유효적산온도는 각각 재래종 6℃, 579℃, IT323225 11℃, 766℃, IT333473 11℃, 768℃, IT333482 10℃, 750℃이었다. 산출한 유효적산온도와 최근 5년간(2019-2023년)의 일평균기온을 이용하여 재배지대(평야지, 중산간지, 산간지)와 파종시기(4월 1일부터 8월 15일까지 15일 간격, 10수준)별로 적용한 결과, 잇꽃 4자원은 모두 7월 15일 파종까지 개화 소요일수가 감소한 후 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 지대별 소요일수는 평야지 < 중산간지 < 산간지의 순으로 조사되었다. 수량 특성 중 초장, 분지 수, 주당 화기 수, 화기당 종자 수, 백립중, 주당 종자량은 4자원 모두 파종시기가 늦어질수록 감소하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 연구개발사업(과제번호: RS-2019-RD008643)과 전북특별자치도 지원에 의해 이루어졌음

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