Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
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Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Environment and Melon Growth in Greenhouse

바이오차 시용이 시설재배 멜론의 토양 환경 및 생육에 미치는 영향

  • 김은혜 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 윤건식 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 정금재 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 이규회 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 전유민 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 윤철구 (충청북도농업기술원 수박연구소) ;
  • 김주형 (충청북도농업기술원) ;
  • 이상민 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2023.11.10
  • Accepted : 2023.12.19
  • Published : 2024.02.29
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Abstract

Biochar is a solid substance with a high carbon content, as it is made out of biomass pyrolyzed under the condition of limited oxygen. This product has attracted attention as an environment-friendly soil amendment because it contributes to carbon neutrally and has improvement effects on the soil environment. This study conducted an experiment to evaluate soil physiochemical properties and microbial community changes in a melon greenhouse according to the applied amount of biochar to investigate the growth characteristics and yields of melons accordingly. In soil physical properties, an increase in the applied amount of biochar resulted in a decrease in bulk density and an increase in porosity of the soil, improving air permeability. In soil chemical properties, an increase in the applied amount of biochar led to a increasing of pH, organic matter and available phosphate content. In the growth characteristics of melons, there was a growing tendency of plant height, leaf length and leaf width according to the increasing application of biochar until 10,000 kg/ha. Moreover, melon yields also increased as the amount of biochar, 13~16% higher in 10,000 kg/ha biochar application than no treatment. Compared differences among microbial communities in the soil according to the application of biochar and found that plant beneficial bacteria dominated in biochar treatments. This study demonstrated the potential of biochar as an effective soil amendment in melon greenhouse by showing improvements in soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities.

바이오차란 바이오매스를 산소가 제한된 조건에서 열분해하여 만든 탄소함량이 높은 고형물로서 토양환경 개선 효과로 탄소중립을 위한 친환경 토양개량제로 주목받고 있다. 본 실험에서는 멜론 시설재배지 바이오차의 시용량별 토양 이화학성 및 미생물 군집의 변화를 평가 하였고 이에 따른 멜론의 생육 특성 및 수량성을 조사하였다. 토양의 물리성은 바이오차 시용량이 증가함에 따라 용적밀도는 감소하고 공극률이 증가하여 토양의 통기성이 개선되는 효과가 있었다. 토양의 화학성은 바이오차 시용량이 증가할수록 pH가 증가하고 유기물 및 유효인산 함량이 증가하는 경향이었다. 멜론의 생육은 무처리 대비 바이오차 10,000 kg/ha 처리까지 시용량이 증가할수록 멜론의 만장, 엽장, 엽폭이 증가하는 경향이었다. 또한 멜론의 생산량도 시용량에 따라 증가하여 바이오차 10,000 kg/ha 처리에서 무처리 대비 13~16% 높았다. 바이오차 시용에 따른 토양 미생물 군집의 차이를 비교해 본 결과, 우점 유익균의 비율이 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 본 연구는 멜론 시설재배지 바이오차의 처리가 토양의 이화학적 특성 및 미생물군집 개선의 결과를 나타내며 효과적인 토양개량제로서의 가능성을 보여주었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 공동연구사업(과제번호: PJ01573304)의 연구비 지원으로 수행됨.

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