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전기로 조업에 사용되는 철스크랩의 예열온도와 산화특성에 관한 연구

A Study on Preheating Temperature and Oxidation Characteristics of Steel Scrap in EAF Operation

  • 유정민 (인하대학교 신소재공학과)
  • Jung-Min Yoo (Material Science and Engineering, Inha University)
  • 투고 : 2023.06.29
  • 심사 : 2023.08.11
  • 발행 : 2023.08.31

초록

철스크랩을 주원료로 사용하는 전기로(Electric Arc Furnace) 제강에서는 최근 철스크랩을 예열 하면서 배가스의 친환경 처리를 고려한 전기로가 개발되어 사용되고 있다. 스크랩 예열 전기로의 전력에너지는 기존 전기로에 비해 최대 30%까지 저감이 가능하다. 본 연구는 배가스 집진세기와 스크랩 종류에 따른 스크랩 예열온도와 산화율을 조사하였다. 스크랩 예열 실험은 국내 동국제강에서 보유하고 있는 ECOARC(Ecological and Economical Arc Furnace) 전기로의 1/6 선형 축소모델 실험장치를 제작하여 실험하였다. 부피 기준으로 Shaft에 철스크랩을 장입하고 배가스에 의한 예열실험을 실시한 결과 선반설, 경량스크랩, Shredder, 중량스크랩 순으로 스크랩 예열온도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 스크랩 예열온도는 집진세기가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 스크랩 산화율은 스크랩 예열온도와 동일한 순서로 증가하였다. 선반설은 스크랩 예열 실험 후 산화 두께를 측정한 결과 다른 스크랩에 비해 약 10배정도 높은 산화율을 보였으며, 이 연구 결과를 통해 전기로 조업에서 선반설 투입량에 따른 카본과 산소 사용 비율을 조절하는데 활용할 수 있다고 판단된다.

An eco-friendly, new type of electric arc furnace(EAF) that utilizes its off gas to preheat the iron scrap, the primary raw material of the furnace, has been recently developed. Scrap preheating furnaces consume up to 30% less energy than conventional EAFs. This study investigated how the off-gas dust collection rate and the type of scrap used in the recently developed EAF affect the preheating temperature of the scrap and its oxidation rate. A 1/6 linear scale model of the ecological and economical arc furnace(ECOARC) owned by Dongkuk Steel was constructed and tested. Steel scrap was charged into the preheating shaft of the EAF and preheated using its off-gas. The scrap preheating temperature depended on the off-gas dust collection rate and type of scrap used. It increased in the order of turnings, lightweight scrap, shredded scrap and heavy scrap. The scrap oxidation rate also depended on the type of scrap used and increased in the same order as the scrap preheating temperature. At the preheating temperature of the turnings, the oxidation rate of the scrap was almost of turnings fed to the newly developed EAF, the ratio of carbon to oxygen within it can be controlled.

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참고문헌

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