The Journal of Information Systems (한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구)

Korea Association of Information Systems (한국정보시스템학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Platform Labor and Shadow Work of Platform Workers: Examining their Effects on Job Burnout and Turnover Intention

플랫폼 노동자의 플랫폼노동과 그림자노동: 직무소진 및 이직의도와의 관계 검증

  • Received : 2023.03.24
  • Accepted : 2023.05.15
  • Published : 2023.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose In online delivery platforms, platform workers are required to perform both platform labor, which is compensated with immediate wages, and shadow work which is a kind of unpaid job to support the platform labor. Thus, the objective of this study is to empirically examine how platform workers' platform labor and shadow work affect their job burnout and their turnover intention in the online delivery platform context. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a research model by employing platform labor and shadow work to influence job burnout and turnover intention. This study also tested the model by partial least square techniques after collecting 169 cross-sectional data from food delivery riders in Korea. Findings This study found that both platform labor and shadow work affected platform workers' job burnout. In addition, the results showed that shadow work influenced their turnover intention while platform labor did not affect the turnover intention. Based on the results, this study contributed to relevant researchers who are interested in platform contexts by offering measurable constructs on platform labor and shadow work. In addition, this study could provide practitioners with practical implications on managing platform workers.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2022학년도 대구대학교 연구년 결과물로 제출됨.

References

  1. 김정훈, 이상아, 장희은, 디지털플랫폼의 노동통제 양식과 일중독, 한국노동안전보건연구소, 2019.
  2. 남재욱, "플랫폼 노동자의 노동상황과 일자리 만족도에 관한 연구," 노동정책연구, 제21권, 제2호, 2021, pp. 101-133. https://doi.org/10.22914/JLP.2021.21.2.004
  3. 박상철, "그림자노동 차원에서 본 IT 사용자의 비밀번호 변경행동 연구," 정보시스템연구, 제28권, 제2호, 2019, pp. 93-107.
  4. 박상철, 김종욱, "온라인 식료품 소비자의 그림자노동인식이 모바일 쇼핑회피와 전환 행동에 미치는 영향," Information Systems Review, 제23권, 제4호, 2021, pp. 165-182. https://doi.org/10.14329/isr.2021.23.4.165
  5. 박상철, 고준, 류성열, 윤혜정, "플랫폼노동 조직화 모델 제안: 플랫폼노동과 그림자 노동 관점의 통합," 경영학연구, 제52권, 제1호, 2023, pp. 1-21.
  6. 박상철, 류성열, "맥도날디제이션 관점에서 본 SST 사용자의 그림자 노동", 인터넷전자상거래연구, 제20권, 제1호, 2020, pp. 99-115. https://doi.org/10.37272/JIECR.2020.02.20.1.99
  7. 박수민, "플랫폼 배달 경제를 뒷받침하는 즉시성의 문화와 그림자 노동," 경제와 사회, 통권, 제 130호, 2021, pp. 208-236. https://doi.org/10.18207/criso.2021..130.208
  8. 박형인, 남숙경, 남은주, "직무소진과 직무태도 및 이직의도와의 관계: 메타분석적 문헌 고찰," 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 제24권, 제3호, 2011, pp. 457-491. https://doi.org/10.24230/ksiop.24.3.201108.457
  9. 옥지호, "자발적 이직이 조직성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구: 직무순환제도의 보완적 효과를 중심으로," 노동정책연구, 제14권, 제1호, 2014, pp. 9-92.
  10. 이광석, "코로나19 국면 인공지능 자동화와 플랫폼 노동의 위상학," 한국언론정보학보, 통권, 제109호, 2021, pp. 67-98. https://doi.org/10.46407/kjci.2021.10.109.67
  11. 이나경, 황순택, "기업의 의사결정구조와 일몰입, 업무성과, 이직의도 관계 - 사회적 기업, 대기업, 소기업 비교 중심으로," 한국정책연구, 제10권, 제2호, 2010, pp. 201-219.
  12. 최홍열, 박은경, 최병길, "카지노 종사원의 직무소진과 고객지향성, 근접감시 간의 관계에 관한 연구," 관광학연구, 제42권, 제7호, 2018, pp. 211-231. https://doi.org/10.17086/JTS.2018.42.7.211.231
  13. Armstrong, D. J., Brooks, N. G., and Riemenschneider, C. K., "Exhaustion from Information System Career Experience: Implications for Turn-Away Intention," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 39, No. 3, 2015, pp. 713-727. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2015/39.3.10
  14. Chin, W.W. Marcolin, B.L. Newsted, P. R., "A Partial Least Squares Latent Variable Modeling Approach for Measuring Interaction Effects: Results from a Monte Carlo Simulation Study and an Electronic-Mail Emotion/Adoption Study," Information Systems Research, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2003, pp. 127-219. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.14.2.127.16019
  15. Codes, C. L., and Dougherty, T. W., "A Review and an Integration of Research on Job Burnout," Academy of Management Review, Vol. 18, No. 4, 1993, pp. 621-656.  https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1993.9402210153
  16. Cram, W. A., Wiener, M., Tarafdar, Benlian, A., "Examining the Impact of Algorithmic Control on Uber Drivers' Technostress," Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2022, pp. 426-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2022.2063556
  17. Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., and Schaufeli, W.B., "The Job Demands-Resources Model of Burnout," Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 8, No. 3, 2001, pp. 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.86.3.499
  18. Dijkstra, T. K., and Henseler, J., "Consistent Partial Least Squares Path Modeling," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2015, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2015/39.1.01
  19. Fornell, C., and Larcker, D. F., "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1981, pp. 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
  20. Freudenberger, H. J., "The Issues of Staff Burnout in Therapeutic Communities," Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, Vol. 18, No. 3, 1986, pp. 247-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1986.10472354
  21. Goodhue, D. R., Lewis, W. Thompson, R., "Does PLS have Advantages for Small Sample Size or Non-Normal Data?," MIS Quarterly, Vol.36, No.3, 2012, pp. 981-1001. https://doi.org/10.2307/41703490
  22. Griffeth, R. W., Hom, P. W., and Gaertner, S., "A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents and Correlates of Employee Turnover: Update, Moderator Tests, and Research Implications for the Next Millennium," Journal of Management, Vol. 26, No. 3, 2000, pp. 463-488. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600305
  23. Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., and Sarstedt, M., A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), 2017, 2nd Edition, Sage Publications Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA.
  24. Hausknecht, J. P., and Trevor, C. O., "Collective Turnover at the Group, Unit, and Organizational Levels: Evidence, Issues, and Implications," Journal of Management, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2011, pp. 352-388. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310383910
  25. Heuven, E., and Bakker, A. B., "Emotional Dissonance and Burnout among Cabin Attendants," European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2003, pp. 81-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320344000039
  26. Huws, U., "The Hassle of Housework: Digitalisation and the Commodification of Domestic Labour," Feminist Review, Vol. 123, No. 1, 2019, pp. 8-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141778919879725
  27. Illich, I., Shadow Work, Salem, 1981, Marion Boyars, New Hampshire and London.
  28. Kellogg, K. C., Valentine, M. A., and Chrisin, A., "Algorithms at Work: the New Contested Terrain of Control," Academy of Management Annals, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2020, pp. 366-410. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2018.0174
  29. Kuhn, K. M., and Maleki, A., "Micro-Entrepreneurs, Dependent Contractors, and Instaserfs: Understanding Online Labor Platform Workforces," The Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol. 31, No. 3, 2017, pp. 183-200. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2015.0111
  30. Lambert, C., Shadow Work: The Unpaid, Unseen Jobs That Fill Your Day, 2015, Berkeley, CA, Counterpoint.
  31. Maslach, C., and Jackson, S. E., "The Measurement of Experienced Burnout," Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1981, pp. 99-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030020205
  32. Maslach, C., and Goldberg, J., "Prevention of Burnout: New Perspectives," Applied & Preventive Psychology, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1998, pp. 63-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(98)80022-X
  33. Mohr, D. C., Young, G. J. and Burgess, J. F., "Employee Turnover and Operational Performance: The Moderating Effect of Group-Oriented Organisational Culture." Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2012, pp. 216-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-8583.2010.00159.x
  34. Mohlmann, M., Zalmanson, L., Henfridsson, O., and Gregory, R. W., "Algorithmic Management of Work on Online Labor Platforms: When Matching Meets Control," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 4, 2021, pp. 1999-2022. https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2021/15333
  35. Mohlmann,, M., Salge, C, Marabelli, M., "Algorithm Sensemaking: How Platform Workers Make Sense of Algorithmic Management," Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2023, pp. 35-64.
  36. Palm, M., Technologies of Consumer labor: A History of Self-Service, 2016, Routledge, New York.
  37. Park, T. Y. and Shaw, J. D., "Turnover Rates and Organizational Performance: A Meta-Analysis," Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 98, No. 2, 2013, pp. 268-309. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030723
  38. Ryoo, S. Y., and Park, S. C., "Antecedents and Consequences of Digital Shadow Work in Mobile Shopping Apps Context," Sustainability, Vol. 13, No. 14, 2021, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147697
  39. Shaw, J. D., Park, T. Y., and Kim, E., "A Resource-Based Perspective on Human Capital Losses, HRM Investments, and Organizational Performance," Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 34, No. 5, 2013, pp. 572-589. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2025
  40. Shirom, A., Job-related Burnout: A Review. In J. C. Quick & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology (pp. 245-264). 2003, American Psychological Association.
  41. Wiener, M., Cram, W, and Benlian, A. "Algorithmic control and gig workers: a legitimacy perspective of Uber Drivers," European Journal of Information Systems, 2021, DOI: 10.1080/0960085X.2021.1977729.