DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Air Pollutant Removal Rates of Concrete Permeable Blocks Produced with Coated Zeolite Beads

코팅된 제올라이트 비드를 이용한 콘크리트 투수블록의 대기전구물질 제거율 평가

  • Park, Jun-Seo (Department of Architectural Engineering, Graduate School, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Yang, Keun-Hyeok (Department of Architectural Engineering, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2023.01.09
  • Accepted : 2023.02.16
  • Published : 2023.04.20

Abstract

The objective of this study is to examine the removal rate of air pollutants, specifically sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides(NOx), using concrete permeable blocks containing zeolite beads coated with materials capable of eliminating these pollutants. Titanium dioxide(TiO2) powder and coconut shell powder were utilized for the removal of SOx and NOx and were applied as coatings on the zeolite beads. Concrete permeable block specimens embedded with the coated zeolite beads were produced using an actual factory production line. Test results demonstrated that the concrete permeable block containing zeolite beads coated with coconut shell powder in the surface layer achieved SOx and NOx removal rates of 12.5% and 99%, respectively, exhibiting superior performance compared to other blocks. Additionally, the flexural strength and slip resistance were 5.3MPa and 65BPN or higher, respectively, satisfying the requirements specified in KS F 4419 and KS F 4561. Conversely, the permeability coefficient exhibited low permeability, with grades 2 and 3 before and after contaminant pollution, according to the standard for 'design, construction, and maintenance of pavement using permeable block'. In conclusion, incorporating zeolite beads coated with coconut shell powder in the surface layer enables simultaneous removal of SOx and NOx, irrespective of ultraviolet rays, while maintaining adequate flexural strength and slip resistance. However, the permeability is significantly reduced, necessitating further improvements.

이 연구의 목적은 황산화물(SOx) 및 질소산화물(NOx)을 제거할 수 있는 소재를 코팅한 제올라이트 비드를 이용하여 제조된 콘크리트 투수블록의 대기전구물질의 제거율을 평가하는데에 있다. 대기전구물질인 SOx와 NOx를 제거하기 위해서 사용된 소재는 이산화티타늄(TiO2) 분말과 야자각 분말이며, 이 두 소재를 제올라이트 비드에 코팅하였다. 시편은 실제 공장생산라인을 이용하여 제올라이트 비드가 임베디드된 콘크리트 투수블록을 제작하였다. 실험결과 표층에서 야자각 분말로 코팅된 제올라이트 비드가 첨가된 콘크리트 투수블록의 SOx와 NOx 제거율은 각각 12.5% 및 99%로서 다른 블록보다도 우수한 성능을 발휘하였다. 또한, 휨 강도 및 미끄럼저항성은 각각 5.3MPa 및 65BPN 이상으로 KS F 4419 및 KS F 4561에서 제시된 값을 만족하였다. 반면, 투수계수는 서울특별시의 투수블록 포장 설계, 시공 및 유지관리 기준으로 협잡물 오염 전후에 각각 3 및 4등급으로 낮은 투수성을 보였다. 결과적으로 표층에서 야자각 분말로 코팅된 제올라이트 비드의 첨가는 충분한 휨강도 및 미끄럼저항성을 확보하면서 자외선에 관계없이 SOx와 NOx를 동시에 제거할 수 있지만, 투수성이 낮으므로 이에 대한 보완이 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Technology development Program(S3302388) funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups(MSS, Korea).

References

  1. Jiang K, Yu H, Chen L, Fang M, Azzi M, Cottrell A, Li K. An advanced, ammonia-based combined NOx/SOx/CO2 emission control process towards a low-cost, clean coal technology. Applied Energy. 2020 Feb;260:114316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114316
  2. Kim BH, Kim JH. Simultaneous removal of NOx and dioxins by adsorbents/catalysts. Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management. 2008 Dec;25(8):683-9.
  3. Choi YJ, Choi KJ, Lee CS, Hwang TS. Behaviour of acidic gases (SOx, NOx) adsorption on aminated PP-g-AAc ultrafine fibrous ion exchanger. Polymer-Korea. 2009 Mar;33(1):72-8.
  4. Kim SH, Kim BJ, Shin CH, Kim SJ. Theoretical investigation for the adsorption of various gases (COx, NOx, SOx) on the BN and AlN sheets. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society. 2017 Feb;61(1):16-24. https://doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2017.61.1.16
  5. Song YW. Experiment on reduction of pollutants in titanium dioxide photocatalytic ventilation system. LHI Journal of Land, Housing, and Urban Affairs. 2022 Jul;13(2):117-23. https://doi.org/10.5804/LHIJ.2022.13.2.117
  6. Jung YW, Chang CH, Kim JK. Manufacture and characteristics of concrete sidewalk blocks using photocatalyst agent. Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute. 2019 Dec;7(4):423-30. https://doi.org/10.14190/JRCR.2019.7.4.423
  7. Lee JU. Evaluation on the removing efficiency of atmospheric precursors of concrete permeable blocks embedding porous particles coated with photocatalyst [master's thesis]. [Suwon (Korea)]: Kyonggi University; 2021. 77 p.
  8. Lee JU, Yang KH, Mun, JH. Evaluation of NOx and SOx removal capacities of foam concrete aggregates coated with TiO2. Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea. 2020 Sep;36(9):195-201. https://doi.org/10.5659/JAIK.2020.36.9.195
  9. Hong SJ, Lee SW. An experimental study for the construction of photocatalytic method concrete road structure. International Journal of Highway Engineering. 2013 Dec;15(6):1-9. https://doi.org/10.7855/IJHE.2013.15.6.001
  10. Seo DW, Yun TS. Experimental study on capacity variation of paving materials with TiO2 in wet condition. Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society. 2016 May;32(5):49-55. https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2016.32.5.49
  11. Sim JH, Yang KH. Evaluation of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) removal capacities of the permeable block according to the TiO2-mixing ratio. Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference; 2021 Nov 3-5; Gyeong-ju, Korea. Seoul (Korea): the Korea Concrete Institute; 2021. p. 649-50.
  12. Yang KH, Mun JH. Air pollutants removal rates of permeable blocks embedded with zeolites. Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute. 2022 Feb;34(1):3-11. https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2022.34.1.003
  13. Seo, DI. A study on the degradation reaction of dye with UV or visible light-TiO2 [master's thesis]. [Seoul (Korea)]: The University of Seoul; 2016. 84 p.
  14. Yang KH, Mun JH, Lee JU. Removal rates of NOx, SOx, and fine dust particles in textile fabrics coated with zeolite and coconut Shell activated carbon. Applied Sciences. 2020 Nov;10(22):8010. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228010
  15. ISO 22197-1, Test Method for Air-Purification Performance of Semiconducting Photocatalytic Materials - Part 1: Removal of Nitric Oxide. Geneva (Switzerland): International Organization for Standardization; 2007.
  16. Bong CK, Kim YG, Lee JH, Bong HK, Kim DS. Mutual comparison between two the real-time optical particle counter for measuring fine particles. Journal of the Korean Society of Urban Environment. 2015 Jun;15(3):219-26.
  17. KS F 4419, Concrete interlocking block for sidewalk and road. Seoul (Korea): Korean Agency for Technology and Standards; 2022.
  18. KS F 4561, Braille blocks for the visually impaired. Seoul (Korea): Korean Agency for Technology and Standards; 2021.
  19. Seoul Metropolitan City. Standard for Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Pavement Using Permeable Block. Seoul (Korea): Metropolitan Government; 2013.
  20. Zhang D, Jia D. Toughness and strength improvement of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A by low viscosity liquid hyperbranched epoxy resin. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 2006 May;101(4):2504-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.23760
  21. Lim TK, Lee JH, Mun JH, Yang KH, Ju SH, Jeong SM. Enhancing functionality of epoxy-TiO2-embedded high-strength lightweight aggregates. Polymers. 2020 Oct;12(10):2384-94. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12102384
  22. Choi YJ, Oh JH, Han SI, Ahn JH, Shin HS. Elastic modulus and layer coefficient of permeable block pavements based on plate load tests. Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society. 2017 Dec;33(12):75-80. https://doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2017.33.12.75
  23. Yoo BY, Lee WG, P SJ, Kim DY, Lee SS. Properties of permeable block using artificial permeable pipe and polymer powder VAE to improve permeability. Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction. 2018 Oct;18(5):447-53. https://doi.org/10.5345/JKIBC.2018.18.5.447
  24. Japan Concrete Institute. ECO Concrete Technical Committee Report. Tokyo (Japan): Japan Concrete Institute; 1995. 684 p.
  25. Lee CH, Lee AR, Shin EC, Ryu BH. Experimental study on reducing effect for surface temperature of recycled synthetic-resin permeable block. Journal of Korean Geosynthetics Society. 2019 Mar;18(1):79-89. https://doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2019.18.1.079