Journal of Aerospace System Engineering (항공우주시스템공학회지)

The Society for Aerospace System Engineering (항공우주시스템공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Ignition Performance of Green Hypergolic Propellant

친환경 접촉점화 추진제 점화 성능 평가

  • Sunjin Kim (Dept. of Fire Safety Engineering, Chungnam State University) ;
  • Minkyu Shin (Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jeongyeol Cha (Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • youngsung Ko (Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Chungnam National University)
  • 김선진 (충남도립대학교 소방안전관리학과) ;
  • 신민규 (충남대학교 항공우주공학과) ;
  • 차정열 (충남대학교 항공우주공학과) ;
  • 고영성 (충남대학교 항공우주공학과)
  • Received : 2022.12.08
  • Accepted : 2023.02.06
  • Published : 2023.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Hypergolic propellants, which can ignite themselves without an ignition source, are difficult to handle due to their corrosiveness and toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop green hypergolic propellants with little or no toxicity. In this study, basic research on green hypergolic ignition propellants was conducted. With 95% hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer and CNU_HGFv1 as a fuel, ignition and combustion characteristics of propellants were evaluated through a drop test, an ignition test, and a combustion test. As a result of the drop test, the ignition delay time was 9.7 ms. It was 27 ms in the ignition test, which was fast enough to be used as a propellant. As a result of the combustion test, a combustion efficiency of 95.4~98.1% was achieved at about 11.7 bar. It was confirmed that fast and stable combustion was possible without hard start or combustion instability.

별도의 점화원 없이 스스로 점화가 가능한 접촉점화 추진제는 부식성과 독성으로 인하여 취급의 어려움이 있다. 따라서 독성이 적거나 없는 친환경 접촉점화 추진제의 개발이 필요하며, 본 연구에는 친환경 접촉점화 추진제의 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 산화제로 95%의 과산화수소, 연료로 CNU_HGFv1를 사용하였으며 액적 낙하 시험, 점화 시험 및 연소 시험을 통하여 추진제의 점화 및 연소 특성을 확인하였다. 액적 낙하 시험 결과 점화지연 시간은 9.7ms 이며, 점화시험에서는 약 27ms로 추진제로 사용하기에 충분히 빠른 것을 확인하였다. 연소시험 결과 약 11.7bar에서 연소 효율 95.4~98.1%를 달성하였으며, 하드스타트 및 연소 불안정 없이 빠르고 안정적인 연소가 가능함을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Sutton, G.P., "History of Liquid Propellant Engines in the United States", Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 978~1007, 2003.  https://doi.org/10.2514/2.6942
  2. Guseinov, Sh. L., "Hypergolic Propellants Based on Hydrogen Peroxide and Organic Compounds : Historical Aspect and Current State", Russian Chemical Nulletin, Vol. 67, No. 11, pp. 1943~1954, 2018.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11172-018-2314-1
  3. NASA Technology Roadmaps, TA 2: In-Space Propulsion Technologies. July, 2015. 
  4. Kim, K.S., Kim, Y.H., Jung, S.W., Jeong, J.Y., Kwon, S.J., "Research studies of Impingement Characteristics for Hypergolic Propellant", Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 90-100, 2019.  https://doi.org/10.6108/KSPE.2019.23.5.090
  5. Park, S.H., Kang, H.J., Park, Y.C., Lee, J.K., "A Review of the Technical Development on Green Hypergolic Propellant", Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 79-88, 2020.  https://doi.org/10.6108/kspe.2020.24.4.079
  6. Alfons M., Wolter W., "Green Propulsion Research at TNO the Netherlands", Transcations on Aerospace Research, pp. 7-30, 2018. 
  7. Robert K.P., Jhon J.R., "Low Toxicity Reactive Hypergolic Fuels for Use with Hydrogen Peroxide", Swift Enterprises, Ltd. West Lafayette, IN, 2nd Conference on Green Propellants for Space Prupulsion, 2004. 
  8. Rang, S.M., Kim, K.S., Kwon, S.J., "Experimental Ignition Delay Assessment of H2O2 Based Low Toxic Hypergolic Propellants with Variation of Reactive Additive Concentration", Journal of Aerospace System Engineering, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 24-31, 2020.  https://doi.org/10.20910/JASE.2020.14.3.24
  9. Gotzig, U., "Chalenges and Economic Benefits of Gren Propelants for Satelite Propulsuon", 7th European conference For Aeronautics and Space Sciences, 2017-639, 2015. 
  10. Wang, S., Thynell, S.T., Chowdhury, A., "Experimental Study on Hypergolic Interaction between N,N,N',N'-Tetramethylethylenediamine and Nitric Acid", Energy Fuels, Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 5320~5330, 2010.  https://doi.org/10.1021/ef100593s
  11. Chinnam, A.K., Petruik, N., Wang, K., Shmolovich, A., Shamis, O., Tov, D.S., Suceska, M., Yan, Q.L., Doborovetsky, R., Gozin, M., "Effects of Closo-Icosahedral Periodoborane Salts on Hypergolic Reaction of 70% H2O2 wit Energetic Ionic Liquid", J. Mater. Chem. A, Vol. 6, No. 41, pp. 19989~19997, 2018.  https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta03780a
  12. Weiser, V., Htirttlen, J., Schaller, U., Imiolek, A., Kelzenberg, S., "Green Liquid Oxidizers Basing on Solutions of ADN and AN in Hydrogen Peroxide for Hypergolic Propellants with High Peraformance", 7th European Conf. for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS), Milano, Italy, 2017. 
  13. Krzesicki, M.m Boruc, L., Kapusta, L.J., "Evaluation of the Possibilities of Adapting a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber for Research on Ignition of Hypergolic Propellants under Low and High Pressure Conditions", Combustion Engines, Vol. 173, No. 2, pp. 9-13, 2018.  https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2018-202
  14. Fabio, A.S.M., Lihan, F., Chenglong, T., Zuohua, H., Fernando S.C., "Hypergolic ignition behaviors of green propellants with hydrogen peroxide : The TMEDA/DMEA system", Fuel, Vol. 336, 2023. 
  15. Robert W. R., "Criteria for optimum propellant mixing in impinging-jet injection elements", Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 817-818, 1967.  https://doi.org/10.2514/3.28966
  16. B. J. Mcbride and S. Gordon, "Computer Program for calculation of Complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions and Applications," NASA RP-1311, 1994. 
  17. Michele N., Felix, L., "Hot Firing Tests of a Novel Green Hypergolic Propellant in a Thruster", Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 467-477, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B38413