DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Income-Consumption and Inequality Structural Changes in the Agricultural Economy

농가경제의 소득-소비와 불평등 구조 변화 분석

  • Ha-Young Jeong (Department of Community Development, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ye-Jin Song (Department of Community Development, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University) ;
  • Duk-Byeong Park (Department of Community Development, College of Industrial Science, Kongju Naitonal University)
  • 정하영 (공주대학교 산업과학대학 지역사회개발학과) ;
  • 송예진 (공주대학교 산업과학대학 지역사회개발학과) ;
  • 박덕병 (공주대학교 산업과학대학 지역사회개발학과)
  • Received : 2023.12.04
  • Accepted : 2023.12.20
  • Published : 2023.12.31

Abstract

This study aims to examine the farm household income and consumption structure change as well as farm income inequality. Data from the Agricultural Household Survey for the years 2016, 2021, and 2022 were hired to analyze farm income inequality by the Gini coefficient decomposition method. Results show that from 2016 to 2021, all income quintiles exhibited an increasing trend, but in 2022, income decreased across all quintiles. As a result of analyzing farm household consumption expenditure, consumption expenditure increased in all income quintiles in 2021 and 2022 compared to 2016, but consumption of optional goods decreased in the fifth quintile. In addition, it was found that farmers in the first quartile had higher consumption expenditures and expenditures on options than those in the second quartile. The analysis of farm income by region show that public subsidies increased significantly for general rural farmers than for farmers in special and metropolitan areas in all income quintiles during the period. In the case of the first quintile, farm household income in rural areas in special and metropolitan cities increased compared to general rural areas. In the fifth quartile, agricultural income and sideline income in general rural areas increased compared to rural areas in special and metropolitan cities, while rural areas in special and metropolitan cities increased non-business income compared to rural areas. Results of farming income inequality by income type show a steady decline in inequality from 2016 to 2022, indicating that the decreasing gini coefficinet of public subsidies is contributing to the decline in farm income inequality. Private subsidies and side income are shown to increase inequality.

Keywords

References

  1. 고갑석, & 김윤식. (2016). 지니계수 분해법을 활용한 농가소득의 불평등 분석. 농업경영⋅정책연구, 43(4), 733-758. 
  2. 김규섭, & 이성근. (2014). 농가소득의 불평등과 영향요인에 관한 연구. 지역연구, 30(2), 87-102. 
  3. 김기환, & 서병선. (2008). 패널 자료를 이용한 농가구 소비지출패턴에 대한 연구: 도시 가구와의 비교. 농업경제연구, 49(3), 97-132. 
  4. 김미복, 오내원, & 황의식. (2016). 농가유형별 소득구조 변화와 정책적 시사점. 농정포커스, 132, 1-24. 
  5. 김성용, & 이계임. (2002). 농가 소비지출의 불균등도 분석. 농촌경제, 25(4), 1-14. 
  6. 김성용. (2004). 농가소득 불균등의 변화 추이와 소득원천별 분해. 농업경제연구, 45(4), 97-115. 
  7. 김태이, 안동환, & 임정빈. (2012). 공적보조금이 지역내 지역간 농가소득불평등에 미치는 영향 분석. 농업경제연구, 53(1), 41-61. 
  8. 농림축산식품부. (2023). 2024년 농식품부 예산안 18조 3천억원 편성. 세종: 농림축산식품부. 
  9. 박미선. (2023). 농가의 소득구조 및 소비성향 분석. 나주: 한국농촌경제연구원. 
  10. 박준기, 김미복, 김태훈, 이두영, & 박지연. (2019). 농업.농촌정책 고도화를 위한 정보지원체계 구축 방안 1/5 년차. 나주: 한국농촌경제연구원. 
  11. 박준기, 문한필, & 김용택. (2004). 농가소득 불평등도의 요인분해. 농촌경제, 27(4), 15-27. 
  12. 우병준, 임소영, 이두영, 이형용, & 한보현. (2017). 농가유형에 따른 소득 변화와 시사점. 농정포커스, 157, 1-28. 
  13. 유찬희, 김윤진, & 김창호. (2020). 유형별 농가경제 실태와 이행 경로 분석. 농촌지도와 개발, 27(1), 33-50. doi:10.12653/jecd.2020.27.1.0033 
  14. 윤영석, 이병훈, & 박준기. (2013). 농가의 고령화가 소득 불평등에 미치는 영향. 농촌경제, 36(3), 33-51. doi:10.36464/jrd.2013.36.3.002 
  15. 이계임, & 김성용. (2003). 농가 소비지출의 결정요인 분석. 농업경제연구, 44(4), 39-58. 
  16. 이두영, 박준기, 김미복, & 박지연. (2019). 농가 유형별 소득 불평등도 분해. 농촌경제, 42(1), 1-25. doi:10.36464/jrd.2019.42.1.001 
  17. 이상원, 추성민, 김관수, & 안동환. (2017). 농업소득 변동성을 고려한 농외소득활동 참여 및 농외소득 결정요인 분석. 한국농식품정책학회 학술대회 논문집, 2017(2), 1038-1057. 
  18. 전지연, 유찬희, & 박준기. (2016). 논벼.양념채소 농가의 농업소득 변동 요인분석. 농촌경제, 39(3), 23-48.  https://doi.org/10.36464/JRD.2016.39.3.002
  19. 정선화, & 강혜정. (2015). 한국 농가의 소득원별 한계소비성향 분석. 농업경제연구, 56(1), 119-136. 
  20. 통계청. (2023). 2022년 농가판매 및 구입가격조사 결과. 대전: 통계청. 
  21. 통계청. (2016, 2021, 2022). 농가경제 조사. 대전: 통계청. 
  22. 허등용. (2018). 샤플리 값을 이용한 농가소득 불평등도의 소득원천별 기여도 분석. 농촌경제, 41(4), 1-27. doi:10.36464/jrd.2018.41.4.001 
  23. 황의식, & 문한필. (2005). 농가 유형별 소득변동 분석. 농촌경제, 28(4), 1-17. 
  24. 황의식, & 박준기. (2003). 농가경제 동향과 전망. 농업전망 2002, 65-91. 
  25. Amare, M., Shiferaw, B., Takeshima, H., & Mavrotas, G. (2021). Variability in agricultural productivity and rural household consumption inequality: Evidence from Nigeria and Uganda. Agricultural Economics, 52(1), 19-36. doi:10.1111/agec.12604 
  26. Babatunde, R. O. (2008). Income inequality in rural Nigeria: Evidence from farming households survey data. Economics, Agricultural and Food Sciences, 2(1), 134-140. 
  27. Barry, P., Ellinger, P., Hopkin, J., & Baker, C., (2000). Financial management in agriculture. Danville, IL: Interstate Publishers. 
  28. Barten, A. P., Theil, H., & Leenders, C. T. (1962). Farmers' budgets in a depression period. Journal of the Econometric Society, 30, 548-564. doi:10.2307/1909895 
  29. Chang, H. H. (2012). Consumption inequality between farm and nonfarm households in Taiwan: A decomposition analysis of differences in distribution. Agricultural Economics, 43(5), 487-498. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-0862.2012.00598.x
  30. Chen, C. N., Tsaur, T. W., & Rhai, T. S. (1982). The gini coefficient and negative income. Oxford Economic Papers, 34(3), 473-478. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2662589  https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041563
  31. Cutler, D. M., & Katz, L. F. (1992). Rising inequality? changes in the distribution of income and consumption in the 1980s. American Economic Review, 82(2), 546-551. doi:10.3386/W3964 
  32. Deaton, A. (1997). The analysis of household surveys: A microeconometric approach to development policy. World Bank Publications. 
  33. El-Osta, H. S., Bernat, G. A.Jr., & Ahearn, M. C. (1995). Regional differences in the conbribution of off-farm work to income inequality. Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, 24(1), 1-14. doi:10.1017/S1068280500003567 
  34. Findeis, J. L., & Reddy, V. K. (1987). Decomposition of income distribution among farm families. Northeastern Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 16(2), 165-173. doi:10.1017/S0899367X00001495 
  35. Mbanasor, J. A., Nwachukwu, I. N., Agwu, N. M., Njoku, M. S. E., & Onwumere, J. (2013). Analysis of income inequality and poverty dynamics among rural farm households in Abia state, Nigeria. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics, 1(2), 99-104. doi:10.22004/AG.ECON.160098 
  36. Mishra, A. K., El-Osta, H. S., & Gillespie, J. M. (2009). Effect of agricultural policy on regional income inequality among farm households. Journal of Policy Modeling, 31(3), 325-340. doi:10.1016/J.JPOLMOD.2008.12.007 
  37. Mishra, A. K., El-Osta, H. S., Morehart, M. J., Johnson, J. D., & Hopkins, J. W. (2002). Income, wealth, and the economic well-being of farm households. Agricultural Economic Report, 812, Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture. 
  38. Mishra, A.K., & Moss, C. B. (2008). Measurement of inequality by components of farm household consumption expenditures. Applied Economics, 40(10), 1241-1252. doi:10.1080/00036840600722240 
  39. Saini, R., & Kaur, M. (2022). Income inequality and its decomposition among farm households in Punjab. Cogent Food⋅Agriculture, 8(1) 2069314. doi: 10.1080/23311932.2022.2069314