Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Plant Species Richness in Korea Utilizing Integrated Biological Survey Data

생물기초조사 통합자료를 활용한 우리나라 식물종 풍부도 분석

  • Seungbum Hong (Division of Climate & Ecology, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Jieun Oh (Division of Climate & Ecology, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Jaegyu Cha (Division of Climate & Ecology, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Kyungeun Lee (Division of Climate & Ecology, National Institute of Ecology)
  • 홍승범 (국립생태원 기후생태연구실) ;
  • 오지은 (국립생태원 기후생태연구실) ;
  • 차재규 (국립생태원 기후생태연구실) ;
  • 이경은 (국립생태원 기후생태연구실)
  • Received : 2023.11.08
  • Accepted : 2023.12.13
  • Published : 2023.12.31
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Abstract

The limitation in deriving the species richness representing the entire country of South Korea lies in its relatively short history of species field observations and the scattered observation data, which has been collected by various organizations in different fields. In this study, a comprehensive compilation of the observation data for plants held by agencies under the Ministry of Environment was conducted, enabling the construction of a time series dataset spanning over 100 years. The data integration was carried out using minimal criteria such as species name, observed location, and time (year) followed by data verification and correction processes. Based on the integrated plant species data, the comprehensive collection of plant species in South Korea has occurred predominantly since 2000, and the number of plant species explored through these surveys appears to be converging recently. The collection of species survey data necessary for deriving national-level biodiversity information has recently begun to meet the necessary conditions. Applying the Chao 2 method, the species richness of indigenous plants estimated at 3,182.6 for the 70-year period since 1951. A minimum cumulative period of 7 years is required for this estimation. This plant species richness from this study can be a baseline to study future changes in species richness in South Korea. Moreover, the integrated data with the estimation method for species richness used in this study appears to be applicable to derive regional biodiversity indices such as for local government units as well.

우리나라를 대표하는 생물종 풍부도를 도출하는 데에는 상대적으로 짧은 생물종 현장 조사 역사와 여러 기관에서 분야별로 수집한 조사 자료가 산재되어 있다는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 환경부 산하기관들이 보유하고 있는 관속식물 조사 데이터를 취합하여 100년 이상의 시계열 데이터세트를 구축하였다. 자료 통합은 종명, 위치, 시간(연도) 등 최소한의 기준을 적용해 데이터 검증 및 보정 과정을 거쳤다. 통합한 식물종 자료에 따르면 국내 식물종에 대한 체계적인 수집은 2000년 이후에 주로 이루어졌으며, 이러한 조사를 통해 발견된 식물종의 수는 최근 수렴하는 경향을 보이고 있었다. 이는 우리나라에서 국가 차원의 생물종 다양성을 도출할 수 있는 조건이 충분히 갖추어지고 있음을 시사한다. Chao 2 방법을 이용하여 예측한 1951년부터 70년간의 토착식물의 종 풍부도는 3,182.6으로 추정되었다. 이 추정치를 얻기 위해서는 최소 7년의 누적 기간이 필요하다. 본 연구의 식물종 풍부도는 향후 우리나라의 종 풍부도 변화를 연구하는데 기준이 될 수 있다. 또한 사용한 종 풍부도 추정 방법과 통합자료는 지자체 수준 등의 지역 생물다양성을 도출하는 데에도 적용할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 여러기관의 자료를 협조 받아 수행하였습니다. 국립생물자원관, 국립공원연구원, NARIS 그리고 국립생태원의 멸종위기종복원센터, 습지센터, 자연환경조사팀, 보호지역팀 등에서 소장하고 있는 자료 제공에 협조해 주셔서 감사드립니다.

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