Resources Recycling (자원리싸이클링)

The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling (한국자원리싸이클링학회)
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Recovery Process of Vanadium from the Leaching Solution of Salt-Roasted Vanadate Ore

바나듐광 염배소물 수침출 용액으로부터 바나듐 회수공정 고찰

  • Yoon, Ho-Sung (Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources) ;
  • Heo, Seo-Jin (Resource Recycling Department, University of Science and Technology(UST)) ;
  • Park, Yu-Jin (Resource Recycling Department, University of Science and Technology(UST)) ;
  • Kim, Chul-Joo (Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources) ;
  • Chung, Kyeong Woo (Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kim, Rina (Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources) ;
  • Jeon, Ho-Seok (Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
  • 윤호성 (한국지질자원연구원 자원활용연구본부) ;
  • 허서진 (과학기술연합대학원대학교) ;
  • 박유진 (과학기술연합대학원대학교) ;
  • 김철주 (한국지질자원연구원 자원활용연구본부) ;
  • 정경우 (한국지질자원연구원 자원활용연구본부) ;
  • 김리나 (한국지질자원연구원 자원활용연구본부) ;
  • 전호석 (한국지질자원연구원 자원활용연구본부)
  • Received : 2022.03.24
  • Accepted : 2022.04.06
  • Published : 2022.04.30
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Abstract

In this study, the effects of solution components were investigated in the recovery of vanadium as ammonium metavanadate from vanadium-ore-salt roasting-water leaching solution. The vanadium-containing solution is strongly alkaline (pH 13), so the pH must be lowered to 9 or less to increase the ammonium metavanadate precipitation efficiency. However, in the process of adjusting the solution pH using sulfuric acid, aluminum ions are co-precipitated, which must be removed first. In this study, aluminum was precipitated in the form of an aluminum-silicate compound using sodium silicate, and the conditions for minimizing vanadium loss in this process were investigated. After aluminum removal, the silicate was precipitated and removed by adjusting the solution pH to 9 or less using sulfuric acid. In this process, the concentration and addition rate of sulfuric acid have a significant influence on the loss of vanadium, and vanadium loss was minimized as much as possible by slowly adding dilute sulfuric acid. Ammonium metavanadate was precipitated using three equivalents of ammonium chloride at room temperature from the aluminum-free, aqueous solution of vanadium following the pH adjustment process. The recovery yield of vanadium in the form of ammonium metavanadate exceeded 81%. After washing the product, vanadium pentoxide with 98.6% purity was obtained following heat treatment at 550 ℃ for 2 hours.

본 연구에서는 바나듐광 염배소-수침출 과정을 거쳐 얻어지는 바나듐 함유 수용액으로부터 바나듐을 암모늄메타바나데이트로 침전시켜 회수할 때, 수용액에 존재하는 다른 성분의 이온들이 바나듐 회수에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 바나듐 함유 수용액은 pH가 13 정도인 강알칼리 용액으로서, 암모늄메타바나데이트 침전효율을 높이기 위해서는 수용액 pH를 9 이하로 낮춰야 한다. 그러나 황산으로 수용액 pH를 조절하는 과정에서 알루미늄 이온은 바나듐과 같이 공침되기 때문에 알루미늄 이온을 먼저 제거시켜야 한다. 본 연구에서는 소듐실리케이트를 사용하여 알루미늄-실리케이트 화합물 형태로 침전시킴으로서 알루미늄을 제거하였으며, 이 과정에서 바나듐 손실을 최소화하는 조건에 대하여 알아보았다. 알루미늄 제거 후, 황산을 이용하여 수용액 pH를 9 이하로 조절하는 과정에서 수용액의 실리케이트 성분을 침전시켜 제거하였다. 이 때 황산의 농도와 첨가속도가 바나듐 손실에 큰 영향을 미치며, 가급적 25% 묽은 황산을 사용하여 천천히 첨가함으로서 바나듐 손실을 최소화 하였다. 알루미늄 제거 그리고 수용액 pH 조절 과정을 통하여 얻은 바나듐 수용액에 3 당량의 염화암모늄을 첨가하여 상온에서 침전시킨 결과, 전체적으로 81% 이상의 바나듐을 암모늄메타바나데이트로 회수할 수 있었다. 회수된 암모늄메타바나데이트를 세척한 후 550℃에서 2시간 열처리하여 98.6% 순도의 오산화바나듐을 얻을 수 있었다

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국지질자원연구원 주요사업인 '국내 부존 바나듐(V) 광물자원 선광/제련/활용기술 개발(GP2020-013)'과제의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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