Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Determination of the Effect of Trimethylamine Reduction in Egg Yolk Following Supplementation of Laying-Hen Feed with Riboflavin

  • Park, Geon Woo (Food Safety Center, Food Safety division, Pulmuone Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Kyung Ho (Food Safety Center, Food Safety division, Pulmuone Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Sang Gu (Food Safety Center, Food Safety division, Pulmuone Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Lee, Sang Yun (Food Safety Center, Food Safety division, Pulmuone Co. Ltd.)
  • Received : 2022.05.04
  • Accepted : 2022.06.18
  • Published : 2022.08.30
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Abstract

The intensity of fishy odor in eggs, which differs depending on the poultry type and individual perception, can be due to many factors including trimethylamine (TMA) which has been identified as the main. Notably, riboflavin can increase the activity of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3, the enzyme responsible for converting TMA into odorless trimethylamine-N-oxide. This study aimed to analyze the TMA content in egg yolk, evaluate its contribution to fishy odor, and develop a method to prevent this undesired odor. Solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to detect and quantify volatile compounds in egg yolk from hens fed a standard TMA-rich diet and hens fed a riboflavin-supplemented diet. To compare the relative content of volatile substances between eggs, a correlation study was performed using an electronic nose. Higher concentration of TMA (1.06 ± 0.12 mg/kg) was detected in egg yolks obtained from hens fed a normal diet than those fed a riboflavin-supplemented diet. Overall, this study suggests that riboflavin affects the quantity and quality of volatile substances, including TMA, present in eggs and we expect these findings to improve the quality and reduce the fishy odor of eggs.

계란의 비린내 강도는 가금류의 종류와 개인의 인식에 따라 다르지만 여러 요인에 의해 발생할 수 있다. 특히 트리메틸아민(TMA)이 원인으로 밝혀졌다. 주목할만한 점은 리보플라빈이 TMA를 무취의 트리메틸아민-N-옥사이드로 전환시키는 역할을 하는 효소인 플라빈 함유 모노옥시게나제 3의 활성을 증가시킬 수 있다는 점이다. 본 연구는 난황의 TMA 함량을 분석하여 비린내에 대한 기여도를 평가하고, 비린내를 방지하는 방법을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 고체상 미세추출-기체 크로마토그래피/질량 분석법을 사용하여 리보플라빈이 강화, 보충된 사료를 먹인 암탉의 난황에 있는 휘발성 화합물을 감지하고 정량화했다. 또한 샘플 간 휘발성 물질의 상대적 함량을 비교하기 위해 전자코를 이용하여 상관관계 연구를 수행하였다. TMA는 콜린이 함유된사료를 섭취한 가금류의 난황에서 고농도로 검출되었지만 리보플라빈이 보충된 사료를 섭취한 가금류에서는 검출되지 않았다. 전반적으로, 이 연구는 리보플라빈이 TMA를 포함하여 계란에 존재하는 휘발성 물질의 양과 품질에 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 발견이 계란의 비린내를 줄이는 것은 물론 품질 향상에 기여하기를 기대한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Pulmuone Co. Ltd.

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