Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Growth Characteristics of Tomatoes Grafted with Different Rootstocks Grown in Soil during Winter Season

대목 종류에 따른 저온기 토경재배에서의 토마토 생육 특성 분석

  • Lee, Hyewon (Department of Vegetable crops, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Lee, Jun Gu (Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University) ;
  • Cho, Myeong Cheoul (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Hwang, Indeok (R&D Center, Bunongseed Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Hong, Kue Hyon (Department of Vegetable crops, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Kwon, Deok Ho (Department of Vegetable crops, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Ahn, Yul Kyun (Department of Vegetable crops, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries)
  • 이혜원 (국립한국농수산대학교 채소학과) ;
  • 이준구 (전북대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 조명철 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 황인덕 (부농종묘 육종연구소) ;
  • 홍규현 (국립한국농수산대학교 채소학과) ;
  • 권덕호 (국립한국농수산대학교 채소학과) ;
  • 안율균 (국립한국농수산대학교 채소학과)
  • Received : 2022.06.23
  • Accepted : 2022.07.15
  • Published : 2022.07.31
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Abstract

Cultivation of tomatoes in Korea grown in soil covers 89% of the total area for tomato cultivation. Tomatoes grown in soil often encounter various environment stresses including not only salt stress and soil-borne diseases but also cold stress in the winter season. This study was conducted to comparatively analyze the performance of rootstocks with cold stress by measuring the growth, yield, and photosynthetic efficiency in tomatoes grown in soil. The rootstocks were used 'Powerguard', 'IT173773', and '20LM' for the domestic rootstock cultivars and 'B-blocking' for a control cultivar. The tomato cultivar 'Red250' was used as the scion and the non-grafted tomatoes. Stem diameter, flowering position, leaf length, and leaf width were investigated for the growth parameters. The stem diameter of the non-grafted tomatoes decreased by 15% compared to the grafted tomatoes at 80 days after transplanting when exposed to low temperatures of 9-14℃ for 14 days. The leaf length and width of the non-grafted tomatoes were the lowest with 42.4 cm and 41.8 cm at 80 days after transplanting. The total yield per plant was the highest in tomato plants grafted on 'Powerguard' with 1,615 g and lowest in non-grafted tomatoes with 1,299 g. As the result of measuring the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, PIABS and DI0/RC, which mean the performance index and dissipated energy flux, 'Powerguard' was the highest with 3.73 in PIABS and the lowest with 0.34 in DI0/RC, whereas non-grafted tomatoes was the lowest with 2.62 in PIABS and the highest with 0.41 in DI0/RC at 80 days after transplanting. The stem diameter has positive correlation with PIABS, while it has negative correlation with DI0/RC. The results indicate that can be analyzed by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can be used for analyzing the differences in the growth of tomato plants grafted on different rootstocks when exposed to cold stress.

국내 토마토 토경재배 면적은 전체 재배면적의 89%로 높은 비율을 차지하고 있다. 토경재배 토마토는 염류장해와 토양전염성 병원균 피해에 취약할 뿐만 아니라 겨울철 저온 피해를 입기 쉽기 때문에 토마토 접목묘를 사용하는 것이 좋다. 본 연구는 저온기 토경재배에서의 토마토 대목의 종류에 따라 나타나는 생육, 수량 및 광합성 효율의 차이를 비교 분석하고자 수행하였다. 대목의 종류는 4가지로 국내 개발 계통 및 품종 'Powergaurd', 'IT173773', '20LM'과 대조 품종 'B-blocking'을 사용하였다. 접수와 비접목 처리구로 완숙토마토 품종 'Red250'을 사용하였다. 작물이 14일간 9-14℃의 저온에 노출된 시기인 정식 후 80일에 비접목 처리구의 경경은 10.1mm로 접목 처리구에 비해 15% 낮았고 엽장과 엽폭은 42.4cm와 41.8cm로 감소하였다. 주당 총 수량은 'Powerguard'가 1,615g으로 높았고 비접목 처리구가 1,299g으로 낮았다. 엽록소형광 지수 중 작물의 전반적인 활력도를 나타내는 PIABS와 광합성에 사용되지 못한 빛에너지가 열로 소실됨을 뜻하는 지수인 DI0/RC를 측정한 결과, 정식 후 80일에 접목 처리구 'Powerguard'의 PIABS는 3.73으로 높았고 DI0/RC는 0.34로 낮은 반면, 비접목 처리구의 PIABS는 2.62로 낮았고 DI0/RC는 0.41로 높았다. 경경은 PIABS와 정의 상관관계를 나타낸 반면, DI0/RC와는 부의 상관관계를 나타내어 다양한 엽록소형광 지수를 통해 저온기 대목 종류에 따른 접수의 생육차이를 분석할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청공동연구사업(과제번호 PJ013561032021)의 지원에 의해 수행되었음. 본 논문은 이혜원의 2022년도 석사 학위논문의 데이터를 활용하여 재구성하였음.

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