Journal of dental hygiene science (치위생과학회지)

The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (한국치위생과학회)
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Sex Determination Using a Discriminant Analysis of Maxillary Sinuses and Three-Dimensional Technology

  • Jeong-Hyun Lee (Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental College, Dankook University) ;
  • Hee-Jeung Jee (Department of Bio Health Convergency Open Sharing System, Dental College, Dankook University) ;
  • Eun-Seo Park (Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental College, Dankook University) ;
  • Seok-Ho Kim (Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental College, Dankook University) ;
  • Sung-Suk Bae (Department of Dental Hygiene, Hanseo University)
  • Received : 2022.11.16
  • Accepted : 2022.12.12
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

Background: Sexual dimorphism is important for sex determination in the field of forensics. However, sexual dimorphism is commonly assessed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) rather than three-dimensional (3D) modeling software; therefore, studies using a more accurate measurement approach are necessary. This study assessed the sexual dimorphism of the MS using a 3D modeling program to obtain information that could contribute to the fields of surgery and forensics. Methods: The CBCT data of 60 patients (age, 20~29 y; 30 males and 30 females) admitted to the Department of Orthodontics at the Dankook University School of Dentistry were provided in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format. The left MS and right MS were modeled based on the DICOM files using the Mimics (version 22; Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) 3D program and converted to stereolithography (STL) files used to measure the width, length, and height of the MS, infraorbital foramen (IOF), right MS, and left MS. The average of three repeated measurements was calculated, and a reliability test was performed to ensure data reliability (Cronbach's α=0.618). A canonical discriminant analysis was performed using a standard approach (left: Box's M=0.096; right: Box's M=0.115). Results: Males had greater values for all parameters (MS width, MS length, MS height, IOF, right MS, left MS) than females. The discriminant analysis identified six independent variables (MS width, MS height, MS length, IOF, right MS, left MS) that could identify sex. The left MS and right MS correctly identified the sex of 81.7% and 71.7% of the patients, respectively, with the left MS having higher accuracy. Conclusion: This study confirmed that, for Korean individuals, the left MS has a better ability to identify sex than the right MS. These results may contribute to sex identification in the fields of surgery and forensics.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (approval no. DKUDH IRB 2020-01-007).

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