KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Development of Cropping System Involving a Two-Year Rotation of Three Upland Crops using Paddy Soil in the Middle Plain Area

중부지역 평야지 논 이용 밭작물 2년 3모작 작부모형 개발

  • Kang-Bo Shim (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Hyun-Min Cho (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Myeon-Na Shin (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Areum Han (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Mi-Jin Chae (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Jeong-Ju Kim (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Seuk-Ki Lee (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Weon-Tai Jeon (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
  • 심강보 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 조현민 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 신명나 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 한아름 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 채미진 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 김정주 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 이석기 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과) ;
  • 전원태 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 재배환경과)
  • Received : 2022.10.17
  • Accepted : 2022.11.11
  • Published : 2022.12.01
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Abstract

This study aimed to develop a cropping system to use limited crop-land with optimum efficiency, while considering management from farmers. To establish the cropping system involving a two-year rotation of three crops, three types of cropping system were evaluated in Suwon (Seogcheon series) and Anseong (Geumcheon series) in the middle plain area using six crops from 2018 to 2019: maize-perilla-onion, potato-sesame-garlic, and maize-sesame-onion. The crop productivity and income of the cropping systems involving food-, oilseed-, and horticultural crops were analyzed, and the optimal cropping system was reviewed. The total yield of each crop was as follows: maize 1,281 kg, potato 4,837 kg, perilla 125 kg, sesame 120 kg, onion 6,503 kg, and garlic 1,027 kg per 10a. However, in terms of gross profit, the potato was more than 3.8 times more profitable than corn, sesame was 1.8 times more profitable than perilla, and garlic was more than 2.8 times more profitable than onions. As a result, in terms of net income, the potato-sesame-garlic cropping system produced the highest income per unit area. Sesame seedlings were planted after the potato harvest, thereby solving the problem of competition between the first and last crops. Overall, this study confirmed that the potato-sesame-garlic cropping system, a two-year rotation of three crops, contributed to the improvement of upland crop productivity and farmers' income and was an overall effective cropping system.

우리나라의 쌀 과잉 문제를 해소하면서 경지이용률과 식량자급률을 향상시키기 위한 논 이용 작부체계는 주로 1년 2모작으로, 특히 남부지역에 비해 낮은 경지이용률을 보이는 중부지역의 기상적 특성을 고려한 새로운 형태의 작부모형 개발이 요구된다. 농가 수익성과 노동력 효율적 배분 등 경영적 측면을 고려하면서 제한된 토지를 최대한 효율적으로 이용하기 위해 식량작물, 유지작물, 원예작물을 연계한 2년 3모작 작부체계를 도입하여 생산량과 소득을 분석하고 최적 작부체계를 검토하였다. 수량성 측면에서 10a 당 옥수수가 감자보다 3배 이상이었고, 들깨가 참깨보다 5 kg 가량 높았고, 양파가 마늘보다 6.3배 이상 높았다. 그러나, 조수익 측면에서 감자가 옥수수보다 3.8배 이상 높았고, 참깨가 들깨보다 1.8배 높았으며, 마늘이 양파보다 2.8배 이상 높은 것으로 산출되었다. 결과적으로, 순소득 측면에서 '옥수수-들깨-양파' 또는 '옥수수-참깨-양파' 보다 '감자-참깨-마늘'을 연계한 작부체계가 동일 면적에서 상대적으로 높은 소득을 보이는 것을 확인하였다. 1모작 작물인 감자와 2모작 작물인 참깨의 재배기간이 겹치는 문제는 감자 수확기 동안 참깨를 육묘하고, 감자 수확 후 참깨 유묘를 이식하는 방법을 통해 1모작 작물과 2모작 작물 간의 재배기간 겹침 문제를 해소 할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 시험에서 확인한 '감자-참깨-마늘' 연계 2년 3모작 작부모형이 중부 평야지 논 이용 밭작물의 생산성 향상과 소득 작물을 연계한 농가소득 향상에 합리적인 작부체계로써 기여할 수 있는 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 농촌진흥청 작물시험연구사업(사업번호 : PJ01388701)의 지원에 의해 이루어진 결과로 이에 감사드립니다.

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