Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Effect of soil stabilizer on the bioavailability of arsenic in paddy soil

안정화제가 논토양 내 비소의 생물유효도에 미치는 영향

  • Ji-Hyock, Yoo (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Hui-Seon, Kim (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Mi-jin, Kim (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Jung-Ok, Woo (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Ho-yang, Choi (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Sung-Chul, Kim (Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2022.10.21
  • Accepted : 2022.11.21
  • Published : 2022.12.31
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Abstract

In this study, we sought to identify a soil stabilizer that can be applied to paddy fields vulnerable to arsenic (As) pollution. To this end, we conducted a pot experiment in which we evaluated the effects of different stabilizers on the bioavailability of As in paddy soil. As candidate stabilizers, we assessed calcium superphosphate (CSP), sulfur, and steel slag, which were applied at the rates of 0.7 and 1.4, 0.1 and 0.2, and 7.0 and 14.0 Ma ha-1, respectively. On day 67 after rice transplantation, we detected significantly lower concentrations of As in the solutions of paddy soil treated with 1.4 Ma ha-1 CSP (96.9 ㎍ L-1) and 0.2 Ma ha-1 sulfur (207.2 ㎍ L-1) compared with the As concentrations in control (314.5 ㎍ L-1) and steel slag-treated (268.6-342.4 ㎍ L-1) soil. Compared with the As concentrations in control brown rice (0.16 mg kg-1), concentrations in brown rice were lowest in the pots treated with 1.4 Ma ha-1 CSP (0.09 mg kg-1). Furthermore, in response to CSP treatments, we detected increases in the weight of rice grains (50.0-50.4 g/pot) compared with the control (40.4 g/pot) and other treatments (26.9-48.1 g/pot), which we speculate could be attributed to the reduction in As toxicity to rice owing to a decline in soil solution As contents and the fertilization effect of the CSP treatment. Collectively, our findings indicate a high-level application of CSP (1.4 Ma ha-1) to paddy soil has a comparatively beneficial effect in mitigating the bioavailability of As.

안정화제(과인산석회, 황 및 제강슬래그) 처리가 논토양 내 비소의 생물유효도에 미치는 영향을 비교, 검증하기 위한 포트실험을 수행하였으며 비소 오염에 취약한 농경지에 활용할 수 있는 안정화제를 선발하고자 하였다. 안정화제 처리는 0.71 Mg ha-1 (과인산석회), 0.1 Mg ha-1 (황) 및 7.0 Mg ha-1(제강슬래그)를 기준량으로 각각 기준량과 2배량으로 처리하였다. 벼 이앙 67일 후(유수형성기)의 과석 2배량과 황 2배량 처리구의 토양용액 중 비소의 평균 농도는 각각 96.9 및 207.2 ㎍ L-1로 대조구(314.5 ㎍ L-1) 및 제강슬래그 처리구(268.6-342.4 ㎍ L-1)의 36.1-60.5% 수준으로 유의하게 낮았다. 현미의 비소 평균 농도는 대조구의 0.16 mg kg-1에 비해 과석 2배량 처리에서 0.09 mg kg-1으로 가장 낮았으나 유의차는 나타나지 않았으며, 본 실험 조건에서 벼 뿌리의 iron plaque 내 비소 격리는 비소의 생물유효도를 결정하는 주요 인자가 아닌 것으로 판단되었다. 안정화제 처리에 따른 벼 생육의 통계적 유의차는 관찰되지 않았으나 과석 처리구 벼의 평균 정조중은 50.0-50.4 g/pot로 대조구의 40.4 g/pot, 황 및 제강슬래그 처리구의 26.9-48.1 g/pot에 비해 높은 경향이었다. 이는 과석 처리구의 유수형성기 토양용액 중 비소의 농도가 황 및 제강슬래그 처리구의 46.8-66.4% 수준으로 유의하게 낮았음을 고려할 때 과석의 비료 효과뿐만 아니라 비소의 생물유효도 감소에 따라 벼에 대한 비소의 독성이 감소한 결과로 판단되었다. 토양용액 중 비소의 농도, 벼 생육 등을 종합적으로 고려할 때 과석 과량 처리(1.4 Mg ha-1)에서 상대적으로 양호한 비소의 생물유효도 감소 결과를 보였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Rural Development Administration of Korea (Project-PJ 01597802).

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