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Prospect Theory and Risk Preferences of Real Estate Development Companies

부동산 개발 및 공급 기업의 손익과 경영진의 위험 선호도

  • Kim, Byungil (Department of Civil Engineering, Andong National University) ;
  • Kim, Won Tae (JY Construction Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Chung, Do-Bum (Department of Policy Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information)
  • Received : 2021.10.23
  • Accepted : 2021.12.27
  • Published : 2022.01.31

Abstract

Companies make decisions with risks such as choosing an investment plan in order to pursue profits. This study explained the decision making of the management of construction companies in South Korea using the tendency to avoid losses in the Prospect Theory. To this end, 20-year financial data of 2,881 companies engaged in real estate development, which have to bear the greatest risk among the construction industry, were collected. The collected companies were roughly classified based on the reference point, and the causal relationship between average return on equity and risk preference by group was empirically analyzed through regression analysis. As a result, it was confirmed that if the average return on equity of a company decreases for the group above the reference point, it tends to select an investment plan with low uncertainty in order not to lose additional money. In addition, it was confirmed that if the average return on equity of a company decreases for the group below the reference point, it tends to select an investment plan with high uncertainty to move to the profit area. This result is exactly consistent with the loss aversion tendency of the Prospect Theory.

기업은 이윤을 추구하는 과정에서 투자안의 선택과 같은 위험이 따르는 의사결정을 해야 한다. 본 연구는 우리나라 건설기업 경영진의 의사결정을 프로스펙트 이론의 손실 회피 경향을 이용하여 설명하였다. 이를 위하여 건설업 중에서 가장 큰 위험을 부담해야 하는 부동산 개발 및 공급업에 종사하는 2,881개 기업의 20년치 재무 데이터를 수집하였다. 수집된 기업들을 준거점을 기준으로 대별하였고 회귀분석을 통하여 기업별 평균 수익률과 위험 선호도의 인과 관계를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 준거점 상회 그룹에 대하여 기업의 자기자본이익률 평균이 줄어들면 추가적인 손실을 보지 않기 위하여 불확실성이 낮은 투자안을 선택하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 준거점 하회 그룹에 대하여 기업의 자기자본이익률 평균이 작아지면 이익 영역으로 이동하기 위하여 불확실성이 큰 투자안을 선택하게 되는 경향도 확인하였다. 이 결과는 프로스펙트 이론의 손실 회피 경향에 정확하게 부합하는 결과이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 안동대학교 기본연구지원사업에 의하여 연구 되었음.

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