Acknowledgement
이 논문은 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단해양극지기초원천개발사업(과제번호 2020M1A5A1110607) 및중견연구자지원사업(과제번호 2020R1A2C2010089)의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다. 이 연구를 수행하는 과정에서 고체분석과 관련하여 많은 도움을 주신 미국 APS 12-BM-B 빔라인의 이성식 박사님께 감사드립니다.
References
- Boereboom, T., Samyn, D., Meyer, H. and Tison, J.L. (2013). Stable isotope and gas properties of two climatically contrasting (Pleistocene and Holocene) ice wedges from Cape Mamontov Klyk, Laptev Sea, northern Siberia. The Cryosphere, v.7(1), p.31-46. doi: 10.5194/tc-7-31-2013.
- Brouchkov, A., Fukuda, M., Fedorov, A., Konstantinov, P. and Iwahana, G. (2004). Thermokarst as a short-term permafrost disturbance, Central Yakutia. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v.15(1), p.81-87. doi: 10.1002/ppp.473.
- Campbell-Heaton, K., Lacelle, D. and Fisher, D. (2021). Ice wedges as winter temperature proxy: Principles, limitations and noise in the δ18O records (an example from high Arctic Canada). Quaternary Science Reviews, v.269, 107135. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107135.
- Chartier, M., Mercier, G. and Blais, J.F. (2001). Partitioning of trace metals before and after biological removal of metals from sediments. Water Research, v.35(6), p.1435-1444. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00404-8.
- Cho, Y.M., Ghosh, U., Kennedy, A.J., Grossman, A., Ray, G., Tomaszewski, J.E., Smithenry, D.W., Bridges, T.S. and Luthy, R.G. (2009). Field application of activated carbon amendment for in-situ stabilization of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine sediment. Environmental science & technology, v.43(10), p.3815-3823. doi: 10.1021/es802931c.
- Fedorov, A.N., Gavriliev, P.P., Konstantinov, P.Y., Hiyama, T., Iijima, Y. and Iwahana, G. (2014). Estimating the water balance of a thermokarst lake in the middle of the Lena River basin, eastern Siberia. Ecohydrology, v.7(2), p.188-196. doi: 10.1002/eco.1378.
- Iizuka, Y., Miyamoto, C., Matoba, S., Iwahana, G., Horiuchi, K., Takahashi, Y., Kanna, N., Suzuki, K. and Ohno, H. (2019). Ion concentrations in ice wedges: An innovative approach to reconstruct past climate variability. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v.515, p.58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.03.013.
- Kanevskiy, M., Shur, Y., Jorgenson, T., Brown, D.R., Moskalenko, N., Brown, J., Walker, D.A., Raynolds, M.K. and Buchhorn, M. (2017). Degradation and stabilization of ice wedges: Implications for assessing risk of thermokarst in northern Alaska. Geomorphology, v.297, p.20-42. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.09.001.
- Kim, K., Yang, J.W., Yoon, H., Byun, E., Fedorov, A., Ryu, Y. and Ahn, J. (2019). Greenhouse gas formation in ice wedges at Cyuie, central Yakutia. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v.30(1), p.48-57. doi: 10.1002/ppp.1994.
- Larese-Casanova, P., Kappler, A. and Haderlein, S.B. (2012). Heterogeneous oxidation of Fe (II) on iron oxides in aqueous systems: Identification and controls of Fe (III) product formation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v.91, p.171-186. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2012.05.031.
- Lachenbruch, A.H. (1962). Mechanics of thermal contraction cracks and ice-wedge polygons in permafrost (Vol. 70). Geological Society of America. doi: 10.1130/SPE70
- Masse, G., Belt, S.T., Crosta, X., Schmidt, S., Snape, I., Thomas, D.N. and Rowland, S.J. (2011). Highly branched isoprenoids as proxies for variable sea ice conditions in the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science, v.23(5), p.487-498. doi: 10.1017/S0954102011000381.
- Meyer, H., Schirrmeister, L., Yoshikawa, K., Opel, T., Wetterich, S., Hubberten, H.W. and Brown, J. (2010a). Permafrost evidence for severe winter cooling during the Younger Dryas in northern Alaska. Geophysical Research Letters, v.37(3). doi: 10.1029/2009GL041013.
- Meyer, H., Schirrmeister, L., Andreev, A., Wagner, D., Hubberten, H.W., Yoshikawa, K., Bobrov, A., Wetterich, S., Opel, T., Kandiano, E. and Brown, J. (2010b). Lateglacial and Holocene isotopic and environmental history of northern coastal Alaska-Results from a buried ice-wedge system at Barrow. Quaternary Science Reviews, v.29(27-28), p.3720-3735. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.005.
- Namgung, S., Chon, C.M. and Lee, G. (2018). Formation of diverse Mn oxides: a review of bio/geochemical processes of Mn oxidation. Geosciences Journal, v.22(2), p.373-381. doi: 10.1007/s12303-018-0002-7.
- Opel, T., Dereviagin, A.Y., Meyer, H., Schirrmeister, L. and Wetterich, S. (2011). Palaeoclimatic Information from Stable Water Isotopes of Holocene Ice Wedges on the Dmitrii Laptev Strait, Northeast Siberia, Russia. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v.22(1), p.84-100. doi: 10.1002/ppp.667.
- Opel, T., Meyer, H., Wetterich, S., Laepple, T., Dereviagin, A. and Murton, J. (2018). Ice wedges as archives of winter paleoclimate: A review. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v. 29(3), p. 199-209. doi: 10.1002/ppp.1980.
- Ravel, B. and Newville, M. (2005). ATHENA, ARTEMIS, HEPHAESTUS: data analysis for X-ray absorption spectroscopy using IFEFFIT. Journal of synchrotron radiation, v.12(4), p.537-541. doi: 10.1107/S0909049505012719.
- Rounds, S.A. and Wilde, F.D. (2012). Chapter A6. Section 6.6. Alkalinity and acid neutralizing capacity (No. 09-A6. 6). US Geological Survey. doi: 10.3133/twri09A6.6.
- Schirrmeister, L., Siegert, C., Kuznetsova, T., Kuzmina, S., Andreev, A., Kienast, F., Meyer, H. and Bobrov, A. (2002). Paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic records from permafrost deposits in the Arctic region of Northern Siberia. Quaternary International, v.89(1), p.97-118. doi: 10.1016/S1040-6182(01)00083-0.
- Sowers, T.D., Wani, R.P., Coward, E.K., Fischel, M.H., Betts, A.R., Douglas, T.A., Duckworth, O.W. and Sparks, D.L. (2020). Spatially resolved organomineral interactions across a permafrost chronosequence. Environmental science & technology, v.54(5), p.2951-2960. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06558.
- Streletskaya, I.D., Vasiliev, A.A., Oblogov, G.E. and Tokarev, I.V. (2015). Reconstruction of paleoclimate of Russian Arctic in the Late Pleistocene-Holocene on the basis of isotope study of ice wedges. Earth's Cryosphere, v.19(2), p.98-106.
- Vasil'chuk, Y.K. and Budantseva, N.A. (2021). Holocene ice wedges of the Kolyma Lowland and January paleotemperature reconstructions based on oxygen isotope records. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v.33(1), p.3-17. doi: 10.1002/ppp.2128.
- White, P.A., Kalff, J., Rasmussen, J.B. and Gasol, J.M. (1991). The effect of temperature and algal biomass on bacterial production and specific growth rate in freshwater and marine habitats. Microbial ecology, v.21(1), p.99-118. doi: 10.1007/BF02539147.
- Yang, J.W., Ahn, J., Iwahana, G., Han, S., Kim, K. and Fedorov, A. (2020). Brief Communication: The reliability of gas extraction techniques for analysing CH 4 and N 2 O compositions in gas trapped in permafrost ice wedges. The Cryosphere, v.14(4), p.1311-1324. doi: 10.5194/tc-14-1311-2020.
- Yang, J.W., Ahn, J., Iwahana, G., Ko, N., Kim, J.H., Kim, K., Fedorov, A. and Han, S. (2022). Origin of CO2, CH4, and N2O trapped in ice wedges in central Yakutia and their relationship. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes. doi: 10.1002/ppp.2176.