Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Quantitative Analysis of Microperfusion in Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: An Animal Study

  • Nieun Seo (Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hyewon Oh (Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hyung Jung Oh (Department of Nephrology, Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital) ;
  • Yong Eun Chung (Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2020.05.08
  • Accepted : 2020.09.17
  • Published : 2021.05.01
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate imaging biomarkers of microperfusion in contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Materials and Methods: The CIN model was fabricated by administering indomethacin (10 mg/kg), L-NAME (15 mg/kg), and iopamidol (10 mL/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats. After 24 hours, CEUS was performed on CIN (n = 6) and control (n = 6) rats with sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles (SonoVue). From time-intensity curves obtained from the kidney arriving time (AT), acceleration time (AC), time to peak (TTP), and peak enhancement (PE) were measured and compared between the groups. After CEUS, the rats were sacrificed, and cell apoptosis markers were evaluated to confirm the development of CIN. Results: Among CEUS parameters, AT (7.8 ± 1.6 vs. 4.2 ± 0.5 s, p = 0.002), AC (4.7 ± 1.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.4 s, p = 0.002), and TTP (12.5 ± 2.9 vs. 6.2 ± 0.6 s, p = 0.002) were significantly prolonged in the CIN group compared to controls. PE was significantly higher in the control group than in the CIN group (17.1 ± 1.9 vs. 12.2 ± 2.0 dB, p = 0.004). In kidney tissue, mRNA and protein levels of the apoptotic makers were significantly higher in the CIN group than in the control group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.002). Conclusion: CEUS parameters can be used as imaging biomarkers for microperfusion in CIN. In rats with CIN, AT, AC, and TTP were significantly prolonged, while PE was significantly lower compared to controls.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by a faculty research grant of Yonsei University College of Medicine (6-2017-0070).

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