Journal of Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회지)

The Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회)
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Measuring Environmental Efficiency of International Airports: DEA and DDF Approach

세계 주요 공항의 환경 효율성 분석에 관한 연구

  • 이승은 (미국 Georgia Southern University, Department of Logistics and Supply Chain Management) ;
  • 최정원 (경북대학교 대학원 무역학과) ;
  • 김성룡 (경북대학교 대학원 무역학과) ;
  • 서영준 (경북대학교 대학원 무역학과)
  • Received : 2021.11.25
  • Accepted : 2021.12.31
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

This study measured the environmental efficiency of 21 international airports based on sustainability reports issued by each airport for 2018. As many sectors in the industry paid attention to social and environmental responsibilities, airport operators comprise one of the leading sectors that streamlined their facilities to become increasingly sustainable and environmental. Nevertheless, studies on the environmental operations of airports are insufficient compared with studies on economic or operational efficiency. Therefore, the current study aims to determine any possible improvement in the environmental inefficiency of airports with the utilization of directional distance function (DDF) and to examine operational efficiency with the application of the data envelopment analysis (DEA). The majority of airports have operated their facilities efficiently, but not all have effectively managed pollutants generated by airports. Furthermore, many airports can still potentially reduce CO2 and water consumption. This study suggests several implementable environmental improvements to the aviation sector. Moreover, other industrial sectors may use the research as a benchmark for enhancing environmental efficiency.

본 연구는 각 공항의 2018년 지속가능성 보고서를 바탕으로 21개 국제 공항의 환경 효율성을 측정하였다. 최근 다양한 산업 분야에서 환경 및 사회적 책임에 관심을 기울여왔는데, 특히 항공 분야의 경우 환경 친화적 및 지속가능성 운영에 관심을 보이는 선도적인 부문 중 하나이다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 공항의 환경적 운영에 관련된 연구는 경제적 또는 운영 효율성 연구에 비하면 매우 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 Directional Distance Function (DDF)의 활용을 통해 공항의 환경 비효율성에 대한 개선 여부를 알아보고, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)의 적용을 통해 운영 효율성을 측정하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 결과, 주요 공항들은 설비를 효율적으로 운영하고 있으나, 그들 모두가 공항에서 배출되는 물질을 효율적으로 운영하지는 못했다. 게다가, 많은 공항은 여전히 잠재적으로 CO2와 물 소비량을 감소시킬 수 있는 개선의 여지가 존재하였다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 항공 분야에서 실행가능한 환경적 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 더 나아가서, 다른 산업 분야에서도 환경 효율성 개선을 위한 기준으로서 이 연구를 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(4단계 BK21사업, 과제번호: 4299990214398)

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