Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Molecular detection and characterization of ovine herpesvirus-2 using heminested PCR in Pakistan

  • Riaz, Aayesha (Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University) ;
  • Dry, Inga (The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh) ;
  • Dalziel, Robert (The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh) ;
  • Rehman, Saif Ur (Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University) ;
  • Shah, Muhammad Ali (Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University) ;
  • Akhtar, Hafiz Muhammad Naeem (Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University) ;
  • Yousaf, Arfan (Department of Clinical studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University) ;
  • Baig, Ruqia (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University)
  • Received : 2021.01.10
  • Accepted : 2021.05.03
  • Published : 2021.07.31
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Abstract

Background: Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a highly fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle, deer, bison, water buffalo, and pigs caused by the gamma-herpesviruses alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (AlHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep, goats, cattle, and buffalo in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, by applying molecular and phylogenetic methods. Methods: Blood samples were aspirated from sheep (n = 54), goat (n = 50), cattle (n = 46) and buffalo (n= 50) at a slaughterhouse and several farms. The samples were subjected to heminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the OvHV-2 POL gene and the OvHV-2 ORF75 tegument protein gene. Results: The highest percentage of MCF positive samples was in sheep (13%), whereas goat, cattle, and buffalo had lower positive percentages, 11%, 9%, and 6.5%, respectively. Four OvHV-2-positive PCR products obtained from sheep samples were sequenced. The sequences obtained were submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (MK852173 for the POL gene; MK840962, MK852171, and MK852172 for the ORF75 tegument protein gene). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close similarity of study sequences with those of worldwide samples. Conclusions: This study is the first cross-sectional study on the prevalence and molecular detection of OvHV-2 in apparently healthy cattle and buffalo that could be carrying OvHV-2 acquired from OvHV-2-positive sheep and goats. The results indicate that OvHV-2 is circulating in Pakistan. Further studies are needed to characterize OvHV-2 and elucidate further its prevalence.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We are thankful to Aqsa Zulfiqar, Sehrish Sardar, and Muzammil Tariq for their help in the study.

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