International Journal of High-Rise Buildings (국제초고층학회논문집)

Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea (한국초고층도시건축학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Numerical Simulation on Disproportionate Collapse of the Tall Glulam Building under Fire Conditions

  • Zhao, Xuan (Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University) ;
  • Zhang, Binsheng (Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University) ;
  • Kilpatrick, Tony (Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University) ;
  • Sanderson, Iain (Department of Civil Engineering and Environmental Management, School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University)
  • Published : 2021.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Perception of the public to structural fires is very important because there are only a number of tall timber buildings constructed in the world. People are hesitating to accept tall timber buildings, so it is essential to ensure the first generation of tall timber buildings to a very high standard, especially fire safety. Right now, there are no specific design standards or regulations for fire design of tall timber buildings in Europe. Even though heavy timber members have better fire resistance than steel components, many conditions still need to be verified before considering the use of timber materials, e.g. fire spread, post-fire collapse, etc. This research numerically explores the structural behaviours of a tall Glulam building when one of its internal Glulam (Glued laminated timber) columns fails after sustaining a full 120-min standard fire and is removed from the established finite element building model created in SAP2000. The numerical results demonstrate that the failure and removal of the selected internal Glulam column may lead to the local failure of the adjacent CLT (Cross laminated timber) floor slabs, but will not lead to large disproportionate damage and collapse of the whole building. Here, the building is assumed to be located in Glasgow, Scotland, UK.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This project is supported by the School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment at Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland, UK.

References

  1. Abrahamsen, R. B., and Malo, K. A. (2014). "Structural design and assembly of 'TREET' - a 14 storey timber residential building in Norway." Proceedings of The 2014 World Conference on Timber Engineering, Quebec, Canada.
  2. Ansell, M. (2015). Wood Composites. Elsevier Ltd, Cambridge, UK.
  3. BSI (1987). BS 476: Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures - Part 20: Method for Determination of the Fire Resistance of Elements of Construction (General Principles). British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  4. BSI (2002a). BS EN 1990:2002 + A1:2005 Eurocode - Basic of Structural Design. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  5. BSI (2002b). NA to BS EN 1990:2002 + A1:2005 UK National Annex for Eurocode - Basis of Structural Design. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  6. BSI (2002c). BS EN 1991-1-1 Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-1: General Actions - Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  7. BSI (2002d). NA to BS EN 1991-1-1 UK National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-1: General Actions - Densities, Self-weight, Imposed Loads for Buildings. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  8. BSI (2004a). BS EN 1995-1-1:2004 + A2:2014: Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures - Part 1-1: General - Common Rules and Rules for Buildings. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  9. BSI (2004b). NA to BS EN 1995-1-1:2004 + A2:2014: Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures - Part 1-1: General - Common Rules and Rules for Buildings. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  10. BSI (2004c). BS EN 1995-1-2: Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural Fire Design. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  11. BSI (2004d). NA to BS EN 1995-1-2: UK National Annex to Eurocode 5: Design of Timber Structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural Fire Design. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  12. BSI (2005a). BS EN 1991-1-4:2005 + A1:2010: Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-4: General Actions - Wind Actions. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  13. BSI (2005b). NA to BS EN 1991-1-4:2005 + A1:2010: UK National Annex to Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures - Part 1-4: General Actions - Wind Actions. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  14. BSI (2013). BS EN 14080: Timber Structures. Glued Laminated Timber and Glued Solid Timber - Requirements. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  15. BSI (2016). BS EN 338: Structural Timber - Strength Class. British Standards Institution (BSI), London, UK.
  16. Buildup (2020). Treet - A Wooden High-rise Building with Excellent Energy Performance. URL: https://www.buildup.eu/en/practices/cases/treet-wooden-high-rise-building-excellent-energy-performance, accessed on 06/11/2020.
  17. CSI (2016a). SAP2000 Version 18.2 (Computer software). Computers and Structures, Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA.
  18. CSI (2016b). CSI Analysis Reference Manual for SAP2000, ETABS, SAFE and CSIBridge, Computers and Structures Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA.
  19. HM Government (2013). The Building Regulations 2010 - Fire Safety Volume 2 - Buildings Other than Dwellinghouses. Newcastle upon Tyne: NBS for the Department for Communities and Local Government, 124, England, UK.
  20. Lehringer, C., and Gabriel, J. (2014). "Review of recent research activities on one-component PUR-adhesives for engineered wood products." Materials and Joints in Timber Structures, 9, 405-420. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7811-5_37
  21. Matsumoto, K., Miyake, T., Haramiishi, T., Tsuchimoto, T., Isoda, H., Kawai, N., and Yasumura, M. (2014). "A seismic design of 3-storey buildings using Japanese 'Sugi' CLT panels." Proceedings of the 2014 World Conference on Timber Engineering, Quebec, Canada.
  22. Pei, S., Van de Lindt, J., and Popovski, M. (2013). "Approximate R-factor for cross-laminated timber walls in multistory buildings." Journal of Architectural Engineering, 19(4), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000117
  23. Riberholt, H. (2007). Performance of Glulam Structures in Europe. BYG Rapport, No. R-177, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
  24. Scottish Government (2017). Building Standards Technical Handbook 2017: Domestic Buildings. Local Government and Communities Directorate, Scotland, UK, ISBN: 978-1-78544-328-2.
  25. Wikipedia (2020). Softwood. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softwood, accessed on 08/11/2020.
  26. Woodskyscrapers (2020). Treet, Set to Break Tall Timber Records. URL: https://www. woodskyscrapers.org/blog/treet-set-to-break-tall-timber-records, accessed on 06/11/2020.
  27. Yasumura, M., Kobayashi, K., Okabe, M., Miyake, T., and Matsumoto, K. (2016) "Full-scale tests and numerical analysis of low-rise CLT structures under lateral loading." Journal of Structural Engineering, 142(4), E4015007, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001348.