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Durability Evaluation on the Air-Braking Release Failure Proof Valve of Cargo Train

화물열차 공기제동 완해불량 방지 밸브의 내구성 평가

  • Lee, Jun-Ku (Graduate School, Korea National University of Transportation) ;
  • Kim, Chul-Su (School of Railway Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation)
  • 이준구 (한국교통대학교 일반대학원) ;
  • 김철수 (한국교통대학교 철도공학부)
  • Received : 2020.08.14
  • Accepted : 2020.09.04
  • Published : 2020.09.30

Abstract

Cargo train braking uses the pressure changes in the air braking pipe to operate the braking tightening and releasing service repeatedly. Air-braking release failure means partial braking caused by a failure of the variable load valve after the driver handling the brake release. This phenomenon causes wheel flaws while driving a wagon, resulting in wheel breakage or train derailment. This study developed the air-braking release failure proof valve considering the technical requirements of the railway operation corporations. In addition, a durability test of the valve was carried out using a braking performance simulator, and its operating performance was evaluated from the pneumatic history under cyclic braking conditions. The warranty life of this valve was assessed by performing 160,000 cycles of testing of 12 prototypes in accordance with the zero-failure test method, considering the number of braking cycles while driving the wagon. During the durability test, the pneumatic input time, output time, and release velocity were almost constant. The warranty life of this valve was 59,860 times the 95% confidence level, which means that it can be operated without trouble for four years when the valve is installed in the bogie of the wagon.

화차 제동은 공기 제동관의 압력변화를 이용해 제동 체결과 완해를 반복적으로 작동하여 수행한다. 화차 공기 제동 완해 불량은 기관사의 제동완해 취급 후에 제동 제어밸브의 오작동으로 인해 부분적인 제동체결상태를 의미한다. 이 현상은 화차 주행 동안 차륜 찰상과 열손상을 발생시킴으로서, 차륜파손 또는 열차 탈선사고를 일으킨다. 따라서 화차의 운행 지연 및 사고방지를 위해서는 공기제동 완해불량을 방지하는 체계적인 연구가 중요하다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 철도운영기관의 제작과 기능요구사항을 고려하여 완해불량 방지밸브를 개발하였다. 또한 본 밸브의 내구성 시험은 화차제동성능 시뮬레이터 성능시험기를 이용하였으며, 이의 작동성능은 반복적인 제동과 완해불량 조건하에 공압이력으로부터 평가하였다. 본 밸브의 보증수명은 화차 주행동안 제동횟수를 고려하여 무고장 시험기법에 준하여 12개 시제품에 대하여 총 16만회 성능시험을 수행하였다. 내구성 시험동안 본 밸브의 공압 입력 시간과 출력시간 및 출력속도의 차이는 거의 일정하였다. 본 밸브의 보증수명은 신뢰수준 95%에서 59,860회이며, 화차 대차에 본 밸브를 설치할 경우에 요구조건인 4년간 고장없이 운용될 수 있음을 의미한다.

Keywords

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