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Polarization-sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Pleural Reaction Caused by Talc in an ex vivo Rabbit Model

생체 외 토끼 모델에서의 탈크에 의해 유발되는 흉막 반응의 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영 이미징

  • Park, Jung-Eun (Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Xin, Zhou (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia) ;
  • Oak, Chulho (Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sungwon (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Haeyoung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Eun-Kee (Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Minjung (Department of Pathology, Kosin University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kwon, Daa Young (Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Tang, Shuo (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia) ;
  • Ahn, Yeh-Chan (Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology, Pukyong National University)
  • 박정은 (부경대학교 의생명기계전기융합공학협동과정) ;
  • ;
  • 옥철호 (고신대학교 의과대학 내과) ;
  • 김성원 (고신대학교 의과대학 이비인후과) ;
  • 이해영 (고신대학교 의과대학 흉부외과) ;
  • 박은기 (고신대학교 의과대학 인문사회의학교실) ;
  • 정민정 (고신대학교 의과대학 병리과) ;
  • 권다영 (부경대학교 의생명기계전기융합공학협동과정) ;
  • ;
  • 안예찬 (부경대학교 의생명기계전기융합공학협동과정)
  • Received : 2019.12.09
  • Accepted : 2019.12.18
  • Published : 2020.02.25

Abstract

The chest wall, an organ directly affected by environmental particles through respiration, consists of ribs, a pleural layer and intercostal muscles. To diagnose early and treat disease in this body part, it is important to visualize the details of the chest wall, but the structure of the pleural layer cannot be seen by chest computed tomography or ultrasound. On the other hand, optical coherence tomography (OCT), with a high spatial resolution, is suited to observe pleural-layer response to talc, one of the fine materials. However, intensity-based OCT is weak in providing information to distinguish the detailed structure of the chest wall, and cannot distinguish the reaction of the pleural layer from the change in the muscle by the talc. Polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT) takes advantage of the fact that specific tissues like muscle, which have optical birefringence, change the backscattered light's polarization state. Moreover, the birefringence of muscle associated with the arrangement of myofilaments indicates the muscle's condition, by measuring retardation change. The PS-OCT image is interpreted from three major perspectives for talc-exposure chest-wall imaging: a thickened pleural layer, a separation between pleural layer and muscle, and a phase-retardation measurement around lesions. In this paper, a rabbit chest wall after talc pleurodesis is investigated by PS-OCT. The PS-OCT images visualize the pleural layer and muscle, respectively, and this system shows different birefringence of normal and damaged lesions. Also, an analyisis based on phase-retardation slope supports results from the PS-OCT image and histology.

흉벽은 호흡을 통해 환경 입자의 직접적인 영향을 받는 기관으로 늑골, 흉막층, 늑간근으로 구성되어 있다. 흉벽의 질병을 조기에 진단하고 치료하기 위해서는 흉벽의 세세한 부분을 시각화하는 것이 중요하지만, 흉부 전산화 단층촬영이나 초음파로는 흉막층의 구조를 볼 수 없다. 반면, 고해상도의 광 결맞음 단층촬영법(optical coherence tomography, OCT)은 미세한 재료 중 하나인 탈크에 의한 흉막층의 반응을 관찰하는 데 적합하다. 그러나 빛세기 기반의 광 결맞음 단층촬영법은 흉벽의 세부 구조를 구별할 수 있는 정보를 제공하기에는 부족하여 탈크에 의한 흉벽의 반응과 근육의 변화를 각각 구별할 수 없다. 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영법(polarization-sensitive OCT, PS-OCT)은 광학적 복굴절을 가진 근육 등의 특정 조직들이 후방산란된 빛의 편광 상태를 변화시킨다는 점을 이용한다. 또한 근필라멘트의 배열과 관련된 근육의 복굴절은 지연 변화를 측정함으로써 근육 상태를 나타낸다. 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영 영상은 두꺼운 흉벽, 흉벽과 근육 간의 분리, 병변 주위의 위상 지연 측정의 세 가지 주요 관점에서 해석된다. 본 논문에서는 탈크 흉막유착술(pleurodesis)을 시행한 토끼의 흉벽을 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영법으로 연구하였다. 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영 영상은 각 층과 근육을 시각화하였다. 그리고 이 시스템은 정상과 손상된 병변의 복굴절 차이를 보여주었다. 또한, 위상 지연 기울기 기반 분석을 통해 편광 민감 광 결맞음 단층촬영 영상 및 조직학적 결과를 뒷받침하였다.

Keywords

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