Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Analysis of the Experiences and Perceptions of Teachers Participating in the Development of Content-Based Online Science Class Videos, and the Characteristics of the Developed Class Content

콘텐츠 활용형 온라인 과학 수업 동영상 개발에 참여한 교사들의 경험과 인식, 개발된 수업 콘텐츠의 특징 분석

  • Received : 2020.07.20
  • Accepted : 2020.11.19
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the experiences of teachers who participated in the development of online science class videos in the context of covid-19, their perception of online science class, and the characteristics of the online science class content developed by teachers. A survey and interviews were conducted with ten elementary school teachers who made online science class videos themselves. Also the characteristics of the online science class were investigated by analyzing the online science class video produced by the participants. As a result, participants in the study recognized the lack of production time, difficulty in filming and editing, concerns over misconceptions, the problem of solving copyrights for existing materials, and the burden of external disclosure. Although it was a teacher who had experience producing online science class video contents, no research participants actively answered the merits of online science class. On the other hand, the study participants cited that the shortcomings of online science classes were that students had fewer opportunities for inquiry and lack of communication or interaction. In particular, these shortcomings were thought to have a great influence on the quality of online science classes, especially in making inquiry classes difficult. Some teachers took a negative view that online science classes could not completely replace face-to-face classes. However, if multiple teachers are presented with supplementary teaching activities that complement the content-based online teaching method, the method of combining online science classes and face-to-face classes is not. Through the analysis of the contents of the online science class, the introduction and arrangement steps of the online science class were similar to the process of the face-to-face science class, but the inquiry step and the conceptual explanation step showed a big difference from the face-to-face science class.

이 연구에서는 코로나19 상황에서 온라인 과학 수업 콘텐츠 개발에 참여한 교사들의 경험과 온라인 과학 수업에 대한 인식, 그리고 교사들이 개발한 온라인 과학 수업 콘텐츠의 특징에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 온라인 과학 수업 동영상을 직접 제작한 10명의 초등 교사를 대상으로 온라인 과학 수업 동영상의 제작 과정과 어려움, 온라인 과학 수업에 대한 인식에 대해 설문 조사 및 심층 면담하였으며, 연구 참여자들이 제작한 온라인 과학 수업 동영상을 분석하여 온라인 과학수업의 특징을 조사하였다. 그 결과 온라인 과학 수업 동영상은 교사가 수업 연구, 각본 작성, 수업 동영상 촬영 및 편집의 전 과정을 구상하고 수업 및 실험과정을 직접 촬영하는 형태로 제작되었거나 전자저작물이나 디지털교과서 등에 음성을 녹음하는 형태로 제작되었다. 연구 참여자들은 제작 시간 부족, 촬영과 편집의 어려움, 오개념 전달에 대한 우려, 기존 자료에 대한 저작권 해결 문제, 외부 공개에 대한 부담 등을 어려움으로 인식하였다. 온라인 과학 수업 동영상 콘텐츠를 제작한 경험이 있는 교사였지만 온라인 과학 수업의 장점에 관해 적극적으로 대답한 연구 참여자는 없었다. 다만 온라인 수업의 특징인 반복 학습의 가능, 수업 시간과 장소의 자유로움, 교사의 수업계획이나 통제의 용이, 시각적 매체 활용으로 수업에 대한 학생의 흥미 유발 등에서 면대면 수업보다 유리함이 있을 것으로 응답했다. 반면에 연구 참여자들은 온라인 과학 수업의 단점으로 학생들의 탐구기회가 줄어들고, 의사소통이나 상호작용이 부족해지는 것을 꼽았다. 특히 이러한 단점들은 온라인 과학 수업의 질 특히 탐구 수업을 어렵게 하는 데 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각했다. 온라인 과학 수업이 면대면 수업을 완전히 대체할 수 없다는 부정적인 견해를 취하는 교사들도 있었지만 여러 교사가 콘텐츠 활용형 온라인 수업 방식을 보완하는 보조적 수업 활동이 제시된다면 온라인 과학 수업과 면대면 수업을 병행하는 방식은 가능할 것으로 인식하였다. 또한 온라인 과학 수업의 도입 단계나 정리 단계에서는 면대면 과학 수업의 과정과 유사하였지만, 탐구 단계와 개념 설명 단계에서는 면대면 과학 수업과 큰 차이를 보였다. 온라인 과학 수업에서는 학생들의 흥미 유발을 위한 여러 방법이 사용되기도 하였지만, 학생의 실험 참여를 유도하지 않는 시범 실험이나 실험결과를 획일적으로 정리하였고 교과서 본문 내용과 개념을 교사가 정리하고 설명함으로써 교사 주도 개념 설명식 수업의 형태를 띠었다.

Keywords

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